From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
This is a Swadesh list of Latino-Faliscan languages, specifically Proto-Italic, Latin, Faliscan, Old French and Sardinian, compared with that of English.
| № | English | Proto-Italic
edit (207) | Latin
Latina
edit (207) | Faliscan
edit (14) | Old French
François
edit (189) | Sardinian
sardu
edit (207) |
|---|
| 1 | I (1sg) | *egō | ego | 𐌄𐌒𐌏 (eqo) | jo, je | deo |
| 2 | you (2sg) | *tū | tu | | tu | tue |
| 3 | he, she, it (3sg) | *is | is*, ea*, id* | | il, ele | issu |
| 4 | we (1pl) | *nōs | nos | | nos | nois |
| 5 | you (2pl) | *wōs | vos | 𐌖𐌄𐌔 (ues) | vos | bois |
| 6 | they (3pl) | *is | ei, ii*, eae*, ea*, iste*, ista* | | ils, eles | issos |
| 7 | this | *hek(e) | is, hic*, haec*, hoc* | | cist, cestui | custu |
| 8 | that | *esto | is, ille*, illa*, illud* | | cist, cestui | cuddu |
| 9 | here | *hek(e) | hic | 𐌇𐌄𐌂 (hec), 𐌇𐌄 (he), 𐌅𐌄 (fe) | ci | inoghe |
| 10 | there | *iðei | illic, ibi | | la | addaeche |
| 11 | who | *kʷis, *kʷoi | quis*, quae* | 𐌂𐌖𐌉 (cui) | qui | chie |
| 12 | what | *kʷis, *kʷoi | quid | 𐌂𐌖𐌉 (cui) | que | itte, chi |
| 13 | where | *kʷāmdō | ubi | | ou | ube |
| 14 | when | *kʷuðei | cum, quando | 𐌂𐌖𐌀𐌍𐌃𐌏 (cuando) | quant | cando |
| 15 | how | *kʷām | quam, quomodo | | comant | comente |
| 16 | not | *nē | non, ne | | ne | nono |
| 17 | all | *opnis | totus, omnes*, omnia* | | tot | totu |
| 18 | many | *moltos | multus*, multi*, multae*, multa* | | molt | tantu |
| 19 | some | *partim | aliqui*, aliqua*, aliquod* | | | carchi |
| 20 | few | *paukos | pauci*, paucae*, pauca* | | poi | pacu |
| 21 | other | *aljos | alter*, altera*, alius | | autre, altre | àtteru |
| 22 | one | *oinos | unus*, una* | | un | unu |
| 23 | two | *duō | duo*, duae* | | deus | duos |
| 24 | three | *trēs | tres | | trois, treis | tres |
| 25 | four | *kʷettwōr | quattuor | | quatre | battor |
| 26 | five | *kʷenkʷe | quinque | | cinc | chimbe |
| 27 | big | *magnos | magnus, grandis | | grant | mannu |
| 28 | long | *dlongos | longus | | lonc | longu |
| 29 | wide | *stlātos | latus, amplus, largus | | | làrgu |
| 30 | thick | *kartsus | creber, crassus, spissus | | espés | ispìssu |
| 31 | heavy | *gʷrawos | gravis | | pesant | pesante |
| 32 | small | *pauros | parvus | | petit | pitzinnu |
| 33 | short | *breɣʷis | brevis*, curtus* | | cort | curtu |
| 34 | narrow | *angostos | angustus, strictus* | | estroit, estreit | istrintu |
| 35 | thin | *tenwis | tenuis, subtilis, macer, gracilis | | meigre | suttile |
| 36 | woman | *fēmanā | femina, mulier | | dame, damoisele | femina |
| 37 | man (adult male) | *wiros | vir | | home | omine |
| 38 | man (human being) | *hemō | homo | | home | persona |
| 39 | child | *puweros | puer, infans | | enfant | pitzinnu |
| 40 | wife | *uksōr | uxor, mulier | 𐌖𐌗𐌏𐌓 (uxor), 𐌖𐌗𐌏 (uxo) | fame | pobidda |
| 41 | husband | *wiros, *nēr | maritus | | mari | maridu |
| 42 | mother | *mātēr | mater | 𐌌𐌀𐌕𐌄 (mate) | mere | mama |
| 43 | father | *patēr | pater | 𐌐𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌓 (pater) | pere | babbu |
| 44 | animal | *anamālis | animal | | beste | animale |
| 45 | fish | *piskis | piscis | | poisson | pische |
| 46 | bird | *awis | avis, aucellus | | oisel | puzone |
| 47 | dog | *kō | canis | | chien | cane |
| 48 | louse | *pezdis | pedis, pediculus | | pouil | peugu |
| 49 | snake | *angʷis | serpens, anguis | | serpent | serpente |
| 50 | worm | *wormis | vermis | | verm | berme |
| 51 | tree | *arðōs | arbor | | arbre | alvure |
| 52 | forest | *selwā | silva | | forest | buscu |
| 53 | stick | *bakklom | baculum, palus | | baston | bastone |
| 54 | fruit | *poomos | fructus, frux | | fruit | frutta |
| 55 | seed | *sēmən | semen | | | semene |
| 56 | leaf | *folyom | folium | | fueille | foza |
| 57 | root | *wrādīks | radix | | escorce | raighina |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | *korteks | cortex | | | iscortza |
| 59 | flower | *flōs | flos | | flor | flore |
| 60 | grass | *grāmen | herba | | erbe | erva |
| 61 | rope | *fuðnis | funis, restis, chorda | | | corda |
| 62 | skin | *pelnis | cutis | | pel | pedde |
| 63 | meat | *karō | caro | | char | petta |
| 64 | blood | *sangwens | sanguis, cruor | | sanc | sambene |
| 65 | bone | *os | os | | grese | ossu |
| 66 | fat (noun) | *pinɣʷe | adeps, pinguamen, grassus | | | grassu |
| 67 | egg | *ōwom | ovum | | oef | ou |
| 68 | horn | *kornū | cornu | | corne | corru |
| 69 | tail | *kaudā | cauda | | cue | coa |
| 70 | feather | *plow(k)smā | penna, pluma | | plume | pinna |
| 71 | hair | *kriznis | capillus, coma, pilus | | cheveu | pilos |
| 72 | head | *kaput | caput | | chief, chef | conca |
| 73 | ear | *auzis | auris | | oreille | orija |
| 74 | eye | *okʷelos | oculus | | ueil | oju |
| 75 | nose | *nās | nasus, naris | | nés | nasu |
| 76 | mouth | *ōs | os | | boche | bucca |
| 77 | tooth | *dents | dens | | dent | dente |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | *denɣwā | lingua | | langue | limba |
| 79 | fingernail | *ungus | unguis | | ungle | ugna |
| 80 | foot | *peds | pes | | pié | pe’ |
| 81 | leg | *krūs | crus | | jambe, gambe | camba |
| 82 | knee | *genū | genu | | genoil | benuju |
| 83 | hand | *manus | manus | | main | manu |
| 84 | wing | *akslā | ala | | ele | ala |
| 85 | belly | *wendtris | venter, abdomen | | ventre, vantre | panza |
| 86 | guts | *laktis | viscera, chorda | | entraille | bolloros |
| 87 | neck | *kʷolzom | collum, cervix, nucha* | | col | collu |
| 88 | back | *dorsom | dorsum, tergum | | dos | ischina |
| 89 | breast | *pektos | pectus, mamma, sinus | | peitrine | pettus |
| 90 | heart | *kord | cor | | cuer | coro |
| 91 | liver | *jekʷor | iecur | | foie | fidigu |
| 92 | to drink | *pibō | bibo | | boivre | biere |
| 93 | to eat | *manðō | edo | | mangier | pappare |
| 94 | to bite | *mordeō | mordeo | | mordre | mordere |
| 95 | to suck | *sowgō | sugo | | sucer | suere |
| 96 | to spit | *spujō | spuo | | escupir | istuppiare |
| 97 | to vomit | *wemō | vomo | | vomir | istercorare |
| 98 | to blow | *speizō | flo, sufflo, inflo | | sofler | buffare |
| 99 | to breathe | *flaō | respiro | | respirer | respirare |
| 100 | to laugh | *reideō | rideo | | rire | riere |
| 101 | to see | *widēō | video | | veoir, veir | vìdere |
| 102 | to hear | *awizdjō | audio | | oir | sentire |
| 103 | to know | *skijō | scio | | savoir, conoistre | ischire |
| 104 | to think | *rēōr | cogito, puto, existimo | | penser | pensare |
| 105 | to smell | *odō | olfacio | | sentir | annajare |
| 106 | to fear | *werēōr | timeo | | creindre, redoubter | timere |
| 107 | to sleep | *swepjō | dormio | | dormir | dormire |
| 108 | to live | *gʷīwō | vivo | | vivre | vivere |
| 109 | to die | *morjōr | morior | | morir | morrere |
| 110 | to kill | *nekō | neco, occido | | ocire | occhiere, abbutzianare |
| 111 | to fight | *pugnō | luctor, pugno | | batre* | cumbattere |
| 112 | to hunt | *weynor | venor | | chacier | catzare |
| 113 | to hit | *ferjō | pello, pulso | | batre | colpare |
| 114 | to cut | *kaidō, *skindō | seco, caedo | | coper | tagliare, mutzare |
| 115 | to split | *findō | divido, scindo | | brisier | dividire, ispartzire |
| 116 | to stab | *pungō | pungo | | | pugnalare, istoccadare |
| 117 | to scratch | *skaβō | scabo, rado | | grater | iscarrafare |
| 118 | to dig | *fodjō | fodio | | chaver | iscavare |
| 119 | to swim | *snāō | no, nato | | noer, nagier | nadare |
| 120 | to fly | *gʷelajō | volo | | voler | bolare |
| 121 | to walk | *kezdō, *eō | ambulo | | pasmer* | caminare |
| 122 | to come | *gʷenjō | venio | | venir | bennere |
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | *jakēō | cubo, iaceo | 𐌋𐌄𐌂𐌄𐌕 (lecet)*, 𐌂𐌖𐌐𐌀𐌕 (cupat)* | gesir | giacchire |
| 124 | to sit | *sedēō | sedeo | | seoir | sentare |
| 125 | to stand | *staēō | sto | | | istare in cambas |
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | *wertō | verto, gyro | | retorner | boltare |
| 127 | to fall | *kadō | cado | | chair | ruere |
| 128 | to give | *didō | do | 𐌃𐌖𐌏 (duo)* | doner | dare |
| 129 | to hold | *haβēō | teneo | 𐌕𐌄𐌍𐌄𐌕 (tenet)* | tenir | tennere |
| 130 | to squeeze | *premō | primo, exprimo, stringo | | | ispremere |
| 131 | to rub | *terō | frico, tero | | | frigare |
| 132 | to wash | *lawaō | lavo | | laver | illoddiare |
| 133 | to wipe | *tergēō | tergeo | | | assugare |
| 134 | to pull | *traɣō | traho | | traire | tirare |
| 135 | to push | *worgēō | pello | | | ispinghere |
| 136 | to throw | *jakjō | iacio | | jeter, geter | frundire |
| 137 | to tie | *leigāō | ligo | | lier | ligare |
| 138 | to sew | *sūō | suo, consuo | | cosdre | cosire |
| 139 | to count | *nomezō | computo, numero | | conter | contare |
| 140 | to say | *deikō | dicio | | dire | narrere |
| 141 | to sing | *kanō | cano | | chanter, canter | cantare |
| 142 | to play | *loidō | ludo | | joer | giogare |
| 143 | to float | *flowitō | fluctuo, fluito | | floter | gallizare |
| 144 | to flow | *flūō | fluo | | | iscurrere |
| 145 | to freeze | *frīgēō, *gelō | gelo | | geler | astragare |
| 146 | to swell | *tumēō | augeo, tumeo | | enfler | abburvuddare |
| 147 | sun | *swōl | sol | | soleil | sole |
| 148 | moon | *louksnā | luna | | lune | luna |
| 149 | star | *stērolā | stella | | estoile | isteddu |
| 150 | water | *akʷā | aqua | | iaue | abba |
| 151 | rain | *plowjā | pluvia | | pluie | pioza |
| 152 | river | *flowmən | flumen, fluvius, amnis | | riviere, flueve | flumene |
| 153 | lake | *lakus | lacus | | lac | lagu |
| 154 | sea | *mari | mare | | mer | mare |
| 155 | salt | *sāls | sal | | sel | sale |
| 156 | stone | *lapis | saxum, lapis, petra | | pierre | pedra |
| 157 | sand | *sabolom | harena | | sablon | rena |
| 158 | dust | *polwis | pulvis | | pousiere | pruine |
| 159 | earth | *terzā | humus, terra, ager | | terre | terra |
| 160 | cloud | *nouðetis | nubes, nebula | | | nue |
| 161 | fog | *neβelā | caligo, nebula, tenebrae | | brume | neula |
| 162 | sky | *kailom | caelum | | ciel | chelu |
| 163 | wind | *wentos | ventus | | vent | bentu |
| 164 | snow | *sniks | nix | | noif | nie |
| 165 | ice | *gelus | glacies, gelu | | glace | ghiatzu, astragu |
| 166 | smoke | *fūmos | fumus | | fum | fumu |
| 167 | fire | *əngʷnis | ignis | | fu | fogu |
| 168 | ash | *kenis | cinis | | | chisina |
| 169 | to burn | *ouzō | uro, flammo | | ardoir | fogulare |
| 170 | road | *wijā | via, strata | | chemin, voie, rote | istrada |
| 171 | mountain | *monts | mons | | montaigne | monte |
| 172 | red | *ruðros | ruber, vermiculus, rufus | | roge | ruiu |
| 173 | green | *weyziðis | viridis | | vert | birde |
| 174 | yellow | *flāwos | croceus, flavus, galbinus | | jaune | grogu, giallu |
| 175 | white | *alβos | albus, candidus | | blanc | arvu |
| 176 | black | *niɣros | ater, niger | | noir | nieddu |
| 177 | night | *noks | nox | | nuit | notte |
| 178 | day | *djous | dies | | jor | die |
| 179 | year | *wetos | annus | | an | annu |
| 180 | warm | *kaliðos | calidus | | chaut | calidu |
| 181 | cold | *frīgos | frigidus | | froit | frittu |
| 182 | full | *plēnos | plenus | | plain | pienu |
| 183 | new | *nowos | novus | | novel | nou |
| 184 | old | *senos | vetus | | viel, anciien | betzu |
| 185 | good | *dwenos | bonus | 𐌃𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌏𐌌 (duenom)*, 𐌃𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌀𐌔 (duenas)* | bon | bonu |
| 186 | bad | *malos | malus | | malvais | malosu |
| 187 | rotten | *pūtos | putridus | | | martzu |
| 188 | dirty | *swerdiðos | sordidus, immundus | | sale | isporcu |
| 189 | straight | *rektos | rectus | | droit, dreit | drittu |
| 190 | round | *rotontnos | rotundus | | reond | redundu |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | *akowtos | acer, acutus | | trenchant | arrodadu |
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | *heβes | hebes, retusus | | | atturussu |
| 193 | smooth | *lēnis | levis, suavis | | | liju |
| 194 | wet | *wegmiðos | umidus, aqueus | | moillié | bagnadu |
| 195 | dry | *seikkos | siccus | | sec | siccu |
| 196 | correct | *wēros | rectus, correctus | | bon, juste | giustu |
| 197 | near | *prokʷe | propinquus, proximus, iuxta | | prés | affacca |
| 198 | far | *prokol | procul, laxius, longus | | loing | addae |
| 199 | right | *deksteros | dexter | | destre | dresta |
| 200 | left | *laiwos | laevus, sinister | | senestre | manca |
| 201 | at | *ad | in, ad* | | a, ad | a |
| 202 | in | *en | in | | en | in |
| 203 | with | *kom | cum, apud* | | avoec, avuec | cun |
| 204 | and | *et | et, -que | -𐌂𐌖𐌄 (-cue) | et, e | e |
| 205 | if | *sei | si | | si, se | si |
| 206 | because | *kʷod | quia, quoniam, quod | | quar | pro itte |
| 207 | name | *nomən | nomen | | nom, nun | nomene |
| Swadesh lists |
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| Individual languages |
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| Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings |
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| Constructed languages |
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| Reconstructed proto-languages |
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| (edit this template) |
