angustus

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tight”) via a form like *h₂enǵʰ-os-tos, from a neuter s-stem *h₂enǵʰ-os (“narrowness”), which would correspond to unattested Latin *angus, *angeris (possibly also the base of the name of the goddess Angerōna) and the adjective-forming suffix *-tós (corresponding to Latin -tus). The same root is found in Latin angō and angor, and in German eng, Sanskrit अंहु (áṃhu), Old Church Slavonic ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ). For the ending, compare onustus, venustus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /anˈɡus.tus/, [äŋˈɡʊs̠t̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /anˈɡus.tus/, [äŋˈɡust̪us]

Adjective

angustus (feminine angusta, neuter angustum, comparative angustior, superlative angustissimus); first/second-declension adjective

1. narrow, strait (especially of local relations)
2. close, contracted, constricted, small, not spacious
3. (figuratively) short, brief
   • 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Sorrows 5:

     Efficit angustos nec mihi bruma dies.

     Winter does not make the days short (for me).

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	angustus	angusta	angustum		angustī	angustae	angusta
genitive	angustī	angustae	angustī		angustōrum	angustārum	angustōrum
dative	angustō	angustae	angustō		angustīs
accusative	angustum	angustam	angustum		angustōs	angustās	angusta
ablative	angustō	angustā	angustō		angustīs
vocative	anguste	angusta	angustum		angustī	angustae	angusta

Synonyms

• artus, brevis, contractus

Antonyms

• lātus

Derived terms

• angustē
• angusti-
• angustia
• angusticlāvius
• angustō
• angustum
• coangustus
• perangustus

 

Related terms

• angiportus
• angor

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: ngustu
  • Romanian: îngust
  • → Albanian: ngushtë
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Gascon: engous
  • Occitan: angost
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: angosto
    • Galician: angosto
  • Spanish: angosto
• Borrowings:
  • → English: angust
  • → French: anguste
  • → Italian: angusto
  • → Portuguese: angusto

Further reading

• “angustus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “angustus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• angustus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) credit is low throughout Italy: fides tota Italia est angusta
    
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “angustus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 24: Refonte A–Aorte, page 575