From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
This is a Swadesh list of words in Caló English .
For further information, including the full final version of the list, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list .American linguist Morris Swadesh believed that languages changed at measurable rates and that these could be determined even for languages without written precursors. Using vocabulary lists, he sought to understand not only change over time but also the relationships of extant languages. To be able to compare languages from different cultures, he based his lists on meanings he presumed would be available in as many cultures as possible. He then used the fraction of agreeing cognates between any two related languages to compute their divergence time by some (still debated) algorithms. Starting in 1950 with 165 meanings, his list grew to 215 in 1952, which was so expansive that many languages lacked native vocabulary for some terms. Subsequently, it was reduced to 207, and reduced much further to 100 meanings in 1955. A reformulated list was published posthumously in 1971.
No.
English
Caló chipicallí
1
I
menda man
2
you (singular)
tucue tute tue
3
he , she , it
ó
4
we
amangue mu
5
you (plural)
sangue
6
they
junós sirás
7
this
ocona
8
that
ocola
9
here
acoi
10
there
oté aotal
11
who
coin
12
what
sos
13
where
duque
14
when
pur
15
how
sata
16
not
nanai
17
all
saró
18
many
frimé
19
some
yeque
20
few
butré
21
other
aver
22
one
yequé
23
two
dui
24
three
trin
25
four
ostar
26
five
panche
27
big
baró
28
long
lachinguel
29
wide
aulé
30
thick
31
heavy
estongeró
32
small
chinorré
33
short
tiquiñó
34
narrow
trujon
35
thin
jucó
36
woman
cachí
37
man (adult male)
manú
38
man (human being)
elabel
39
child
chinorré
40
wife
romí
41
husband
ró rom
42
mother
bata dai chindai
43
father
bato batú
44
animal
bustronel
45
fish
maché
46
bird
chiricló
47
dog
tamború chuquel
48
louse
chugao
49
snake
sarapé julistraba
50
worm
quirmó
51
tree
arberuqué erulé
52
forest
toberjelí
53
stick
casté
54
fruit
55
seed
56
leaf
parojí orapaja oropatia
57
root
58
bark (of a tree)
orují chilica
59
flower
zujemia
60
grass
cha
61
rope
rapela
62
skin
postí
63
meat
crioja
64
blood
arate
65
bone
cocalé
66
fat (noun)
putirichí chullimí
67
egg
anró albaire
68
horn
rogó nogué
69
tail
mamporí
70
feather
porumí
71
hair
bal bale
72
head
jeró chola
73
ear
gerta can
74
eye
aquí
75
nose
napia ñacle nacrí naquí
76
mouth
rotuñí retuñí muí
77
tooth
piño
78
tongue (organ)
chipí
79
fingernail
turra ñaí
80
foot
pinré
81
leg
pachimachí pachimí jeriá
82
knee
chanclí rullistaque
83
hand
bate baste
84
wing
ondina mutrí
85
belly
po poriá
86
guts
porría
87
neck
canró garló
88
back
espulví varandía palá
89
breast
poste cuchá
90
heart
garlochín carlochín
91
liver
bucó
92
to drink
privar piyar tapiyar
93
to eat
jamar pallipear
94
to bite
95
to suck
jaramar mamisarar
96
to spit
chiotar chiscar chismar
97
to vomit
98
to blow
chumasquerar
99
to breathe
resuñar arispar
100
to laugh
guirrar salar
101
to see
dicar endicar apicharar
102
to hear
junar
103
to know
104
to think
orobrar penchabar
105
to smell
jinglar
106
to fear
canguelar
107
to sleep
sobar
108
to live
apuchelar
109
to die
espichar merar esmerar
110
to kill
mulabar marar tasabar tasabelar
111
to fight
chicarelar
112
to hunt
cholarar
113
to hit
chaltrar curarar
114
to cut
chinar velar
115
to split
partisarelar aginar asparabar nacar naquelar nichobelar
116
to stab
baraustar
117
to scratch
ñaicar arisojar
118
to dig
119
to swim
chapalatear ñañabar
120
to fly
balogar
121
to walk
pirar pirelar chalar
122
to come
abillar
123
to lie (as in a bed)
124
to sit
125
to stand
126
to turn (intransitive)
trutar
127
to fall
opelar perar
128
to give
diñar diñelar
129
to hold
abelar terablar
130
to squeeze
trinquelar pandelar
131
to rub
132
to wash
malipiar muchobeIar chobelar
133
to wipe
alipiar julabelar malipiar
134
to pull
135
to push
pinjempar
136
to throw
bucharelar
137
to tie
pandar pandebrar ñaquibar
138
to sew
sibar
139
to count
penar jinar
140
to say
penar
141
to sing
guiyabar
142
to play
ficar
143
to float
144
to flow
145
to freeze
146
to swell
147
sun
cam ocán orcán
148
moon
chimutre
149
star
uchurgañí
150
water
pañí
151
rain
brijinda
152
river
leste len
153
lake
chenopañí
154
sea
moró pañibaró
155
salt
lon
156
stone
bar barendañí
157
sand
ardombardí
158
dust
pracó
159
earth
chen jolilí pu
160
cloud
paré paró
161
fog
cohedí
162
sky
otalpe charó tarpe
163
wind
bear barbán
164
snow
jibé
165
ice
jecó
166
smoke
hua
167
fire
llagulé yaque
168
ash
169
to burn
jachar
170
road
dron
171
mountain
bur play toberjelí
172
red
173
green
bardorí
174
yellow
batacolé
175
white
plasnó
176
black
gallardó
177
night
arachí rachí tarachí
178
day
chibel
179
year
dané breje
180
warm
181
cold
barojil
182
full
perdó perelaló
183
new
nebó
184
old
puré
185
good
lachó
186
bad
bastal chorré malorré nasaló tuyaló
187
rotten
188
dirty
jindó
189
straight
190
round
borondo rendepé
191
sharp (as a knife)
192
dull (as a knife)
193
smooth
194
wet
195
dry
bipanioso jairó
196
correct
197
near
sumparal
198
far
dur
199
right
bustarí
200
left
yesdra
201
at
á
202
in
an on andré
203
with
sat sar
204
and
y ta
205
if
unga
206
because
presas
207
name
nao
J. Tineo Rebolledo (1900 ) A Chipicalli (La Llengua Gitana) [1] →OCLC Francisco Quindalé (1867 ) Diccionario gitano [2] “Vocabulario : Caló - Español”, in Portal del Flamenco y Universidad [3] (Can we date this quote?)
Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
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