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rotten

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Rotten

English

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Etymology

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From Middle English roten, from Old Norse rotinn (decayed, rotten), past participle of an unrecorded verb related to Old Norse rotna (to rot) and Old English rotian (to rot), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rutāną (to rot). More at rot.

Morphologically rot +‎ -en.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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rotten (comparative rottener or more rotten, superlative rottenest or most rotten)

Rotten apples (sense 1)
Rotten wood (sense 2)
  1. Of perishable items, overridden with bacteria and other infectious agents.
    If you leave a bin unattended for a few weeks, the rubbish inside will turn rotten.
    • c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies [] (First Folio), London: [] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:
      Antonio: Mark you this, Bassanio, / The devil can cite Scripture for his purpose. / An evil soul producing holy witness / Is like a villain with a smiling cheek, / A goodly apple rotten at the heart. / O, what a goodly outside falsehood hath!
  2. In a state of decay.
    The floors were damaged and the walls were rotten.
    His mouth stank and his teeth were rotten.
  3. Cruel, mean or immoral.
    That man is a rotten father.
    This rotten policy will create more injustice in this country.
  4. Bad or terrible.
    Why is the weather always rotten in this city?
    It was a rotten idea to take the boat out today.
    She has the flu and feels rotten.
  5. Of stone or rock, crumbling or friable; in a loose or disintegrated state.
    • 1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 215:
      The quartz specimens were sometimes blue, hard-looking stone, or rotten quartz largely impregnated with iron, in both cases carrying bright glittering nodules of gold.
  6. (UK, Ireland, Australia, slang) Very drunk, intoxicated.

Derived terms

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Collocations

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Translations

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Adverb

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rotten (comparative more rotten, superlative most rotten)

  1. To an extreme degree.
    That kid is spoilt rotten.
    The girls fancy him something rotten.
    • 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World [], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:
      "It's old man Challenger's show and we are here by his good will, so it would be rotten bad form if we didn't follow his instructions to the letter."
    • 1958 May, Avram Davidson, “Or All The Seas With Oysters”, in Galaxy Science Fiction[1], page 53:
      "You're not only crazy," Oscar said bitterly, "you're rotten jealous. You can go to hell." He stomped away.

Anagrams

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch rotten, reformed from earlier roten, from Old Dutch *roton, from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn, from Proto-Germanic *rutāną.

Verb

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rotten

  1. to rot, to go bad, to decay
    Het fruit begon te rotten omdat het te lang buiten de koelkast werd gelaten.
    The fruit began to rot because it was left out of the fridge for too long.
    Het hout van de schuur is aan het rotten.
    The wood of the barn is decaying.
    Als je de melk niet koel bewaart, zal ze rotten.
    If you don't keep the milk cool, it will go bad.
Conjugation
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Conjugation of rotten (weak)
infinitive rotten
past singular rotte
past participle gerot
infinitive rotten
gerund rotten n
present tense past tense
1st person singular rot rotte
2nd person sing. (jij) rot rotte
2nd person sing. (u) rot rotte
2nd person sing. (gij) rot rotte
3rd person singular rot rotte
plural rotten rotten
subjunctive sing.1 rotte rotte
subjunctive plur.1 rotten rotten
imperative sing. rot
imperative plur.1 rot
participles rottend gerot
1) Archaic.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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rotten

  1. plural of rot

German

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈrɔtən/, [ˈʁɔtən], [ˈʁɔtn̩]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: rot‧ten

Etymology 1

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From Middle Low German rotten, alteration (perhaps intensivation) of older rōten, from Old Saxon rotōn, from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn.

Verb

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rotten (weak, third-person singular present rottet, past tense rottete, past participle gerottet, auxiliary haben)

  1. To rot, to decay.
    Synonyms: faulen, verfaulen
Usage notes
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Conjugation
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Middle High German roten, derived from rote (whence modern Rotte), from Old French rote, from Latin rupta.

Verb

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rotten (weak, third-person singular present rottet, past tense rottete, past participle gerottet, auxiliary haben)

  1. (obsolete) To form into a gang, to rout, to squad.
    • 1788, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Egmont[2]:
      Steht fest gegen die fremde Lehre und glaubt nicht, durch Aufruhr befestige man Privilegien. Bleibt zu Hause; leidet nicht, daß sie sich auf den Straßen rotten.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
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Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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From Middle High German roten, roden, from Proto-Germanic *rudōną. See roden.

Verb

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rotten (weak, third-person singular present rottet, past tense rottete, past participle gerottet, auxiliary haben)

  1. (obsolete) Alternative form of roden (to clear woods, to make arable)
Conjugation
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Derived terms
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Further reading

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  • rotten” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • rotten” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • rotten” in Duden online

Middle English

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Verb

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rotten

  1. Alternative form of roten (to rot)

Norwegian Bokmål

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Alternative forms

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Noun

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rotten m

  1. definite masculine singular of rotte: rat (rodent)

West Frisian

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Noun

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rotten

  1. plural of rôt