From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
This is a Swadesh list of words in Scottish Gaelic English .
For further information, including the full final version of the list, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list .American linguist Morris Swadesh believed that languages changed at measurable rates and that these could be determined even for languages without written precursors. Using vocabulary lists, he sought to understand not only change over time but also the relationships of extant languages. To be able to compare languages from different cultures, he based his lists on meanings he presumed would be available in as many cultures as possible. He then used the fraction of agreeing cognates between any two related languages to compute their divergence time by some (still debated) algorithms. Starting in 1950 with 165 meanings, his list grew to 215 in 1952, which was so expansive that many languages lacked native vocabulary for some terms. Subsequently, it was reduced to 207, and reduced much further to 100 meanings in 1955. A reformulated list was published posthumously in 1971.
No.
English
Scottish Gaelic
1
I
mi
2
you (singular)
thu
3
he , she , it
e
4
we
sinn
5
you (plural)
sibh
6
they
iad
7
this
seo
8
that
sin siud
9
here
an seo
10
there
an sin an siud
11
who
cò (interrogative)
12
what
dè (interrogative)
13
where
càite (interrogative)
14
when
cuin (interrogative)
15
how
ciamar dè mar cionnas (interrogative)
16
not
cha chan
17
all
uile
18
many
mòran
19
some
cuid feadhainn
20
few
beagan corra
21
other
eile
22
one
aon
23
two
dà
24
three
trì
25
four
ceithir
26
five
còig
27
big
mòr
28
long
fada
29
wide
leathann farsaing
30
thick
tiugh
31
heavy
trom
32
small
beag
33
short
goirid geàrr
34
narrow
caol cumhang
35
thin
tana
36
woman
boireannach
37
man (adult male)
fear
38
man (human being)
duine
39
child
pàiste duine-cloinne
40
wife
bean bean-phòsda
41
husband
fear-pòsda
42
mother
màthair
43
father
athair
44
animal
beathach ainmhidh beòthach
45
fish
iasg
46
bird
eun
47
dog
cù madadh
48
louse
mial
49
snake
nathair
50
worm
boiteag cnuimh
51
tree
craobh
52
forest
coille
53
stick
bata bioran madadh
54
fruit
meas toradh
55
seed
sìol
56
leaf
duilleag
57
root
freumh
58
bark (of a tree)
rùsg
59
flower
blàth sìthean dìthean flùr
60
grass
feur
61
rope
ròpa
62
skin
craiceann
63
meat
feòil
64
blood
fuil
65
bone
cnàmh
66
fat (noun)
geir saill
67
egg
ugh
68
horn
adharc corn
69
tail
earball
70
feather
ite
71
hair
falt gruag
72
head
ceann
73
ear
cluas
74
eye
sùil
75
nose
sròn
76
mouth
beul
77
tooth
fiacail
78
tongue (organ)
teanga
79
fingernail
ìne
80
foot
cas
81
leg
cas
82
knee
glùn
83
hand
làmh
84
wing
sgiath
85
belly
brù
86
guts
mionach caolan
87
neck
amhaich muineal
88
back
druim
89
breast
cìoch
90
heart
cridhe
91
liver
adha grùthan
92
to drink
òl
93
to eat
ith
94
to bite
bìd
95
to suck
sùigh
96
to spit
tilg smugaid
97
to vomit
sgeith
98
to blow
sèid
99
to breathe
tarraing anail
100
to laugh
gàir dèan gàire
101
to see
faic
102
to hear
cluinn
103
to know
tha fios aig
104
to think
smaoinich
105
to smell
feuch fàileadh
106
to fear
gabh eagal
107
to sleep
caidil
108
to live
bi beò
109
to die
bàsaich
110
to kill
marbh
111
to fight
sabaid
112
to hunt
sealg
113
to hit
buail
114
to cut
geàrr
115
to split
sgoilt
116
to stab
sàth
117
to scratch
sgròb
118
to dig
cladhaich
119
to swim
snàmh
120
to fly
itealaich
121
to walk
coisich
122
to come
thig
123
to lie (as in a bed)
laigh (state)
124
to sit
suidh (state)
125
to stand
seas (state)
126
to turn (intransitive)
tionndaidh
127
to fall
tuit
128
to give
thoir
129
to hold
cùm
130
to squeeze
teannaich
131
to rub
suath
132
to wash
nigh
133
to wipe
suath
134
to pull
tarraing
135
to push
brùth
136
to throw
tilg
137
to tie
ceangail
138
to sew
fuaigh
139
to count
cùnnt
140
to say
abair can
141
to sing
seinn
142
to play
cluich
143
to float
bi a' fleòdradh
144
to flow
ruith
145
to freeze
reòdh
146
to swell
at
147
sun
grian
148
moon
gealach
149
star
rionnag
150
water
uisge bùrn
151
rain
uisge
152
river
abhainn
153
lake
loch
154
sea
muir cuan fairge
155
salt
salann
156
stone
clach
157
sand
gainmheach
158
dust
stùr duslach
159
earth
talamh
160
cloud
sgòth, neul
161
fog
ceò
162
sky
adhar speuran
163
wind
gaoth
164
snow
sneachd
165
ice
deigh eighre
166
smoke
ceò toit
167
fire
teine
168
ash
luath
169
to burn
loisg
170
road
rathad
171
mountain
beinn
172
red
ruadh dearg
173
green
glas uaine
174
yellow
buidhe
175
white
geal
176
black
dubh
177
night
oidhche
178
day
là
179
year
bliadhna
180
warm
blàth
181
cold
fuar
182
full
làn
183
new
ùr nuadh
184
old
sean
185
good
math
186
bad
dona olc
187
rotten
grod loibhte
188
dirty
salach
189
straight
dìreach
190
round
cruinn
191
sharp (as a knife)
geur
192
dull (as a knife)
maol
193
smooth
mìn
194
wet
fliuch
195
dry
tioram
196
correct
ceart
197
near
faisg
198
far
fada
199
right
deas
200
left
clì
201
at
aig
202
in
ann
203
with
còmhla ri le
204
and
agus
205
if
ma nan nam
206
because
oir
207
name
ainm
Les langages de l'humanité (Michel Malherbe), Robert Laffont, Paris 1995 - →ISBN
Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
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