salach

See also: šálách

Irish

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish salach from Old Irish salach, from Proto-Celtic *salākos. By surface analysis, sail +‎ -ach.

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /sˠəˈl̪ˠax/
• (Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈsˠalˠəx/, /ˈsˠal̪ˠəx/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈsˠalˠa(x)/, /ˈsˠal̪ˠa(x)/

Adjective

salach (genitive singular masculine salaigh, genitive singular feminine salaí, plural salacha, comparative salaí)

1. dirty

Declension

Declension of salach

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	salach	shalach	salacha; shalacha²
Vocative	shalaigh		salacha
Genitive		salaí	salacha	salach
Dative	salach; shalach¹	shalach; shalaigh (archaic)	salacha; shalacha²
Comparative	níos salaí
Superlative	is salaí

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Related terms

• salaigh (verb)

Descendants

• → Yola: saalvache, zalavache

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “salach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

salach

1. genitive singular of sail

Etymology 3

Noun

salach f (genitive singular salaí)

1. Alternative form of saileach (“willow”)

Declension

Declension of salach

Second declension

Bare forms (no plural form of this noun) Case Singular Nominative salach Vocative a shalach Genitive salaí Dative salach salaigh (archaic, dialectal)

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Nominative an tsalach Genitive na salaí Dative leis an tsalach leis an tsalaigh (archaic, dialectal) don tsalach don tsalaigh (archaic, dialectal)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
salach	shalach after an, tsalach	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *salākos. By surface analysis, sal (“dirt, filth”) +‎ -ach.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa.ləx/

Adjective

salach

1. dirty, foul

Inflection

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	salach	salach	salach
Vocative	salaig* salach**
Accusative	salach	salaig
Genitive	salaig	salaige	salaig
Dative	saluch	salaig	saluch
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	salaig	salcha
Vocative	salchu salcha†
Accusative	salchu salcha†
Genitive	salach
Dative	salchaib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Descendants

• Middle Irish: salach
  • Irish: salach
  • Scottish Gaelic: salach
  • Manx: sollagh

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
salach	ṡalach	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “salach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa.lax/
• Rhymes: -alax
• Syllabification: sa‧lach

Noun

salach

1. locative plural of sala

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish salach from Old Irish salach, from Proto-Celtic *salākos. By surface analysis, sal +‎ -ach.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsaɫ̪əx/

Adjective

salach

1. dirty, foul

Declension

Declension of salach (type I adjective)

	Masculine	Feminine	Plural
Nominative	salach	salach	salach
Genitive	salaich	salaiche, salaich	salach
Dative	salach	salaich	salach
Vocative	salaich	salach	salach