From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
This is a Swadesh list of words in Norwegian Bokmål English .
For further information, including the full final version of the list, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list .American linguist Morris Swadesh believed that languages changed at measurable rates and that these could be determined even for languages without written precursors. Using vocabulary lists, he sought to understand not only change over time but also the relationships of extant languages. To be able to compare languages from different cultures, he based his lists on meanings he presumed would be available in as many cultures as possible. He then used the fraction of agreeing cognates between any two related languages to compute their divergence time by some (still debated) algorithms. Starting in 1950 with 165 meanings, his list grew to 215 in 1952, which was so expansive that many languages lacked native vocabulary for some terms. Subsequently, it was reduced to 207, and reduced much further to 100 meanings in 1955. A reformulated list was published posthumously in 1971.
No.
English
Norwegian Bokmål
1
I
jeg
2
you (singular)
du
3
he , she , it
han
4
we
vi
5
you (plural)
dere
6
they
de
7
this
denne , dette
8
that
den , det
9
here
her
10
there
der
11
who
hvem
12
what
hva
13
where
hvor
14
when
når
15
how
hvordan
16
not
ikke
17
all
all , alt , alle
18
many
mange
19
some
noe
20
few
lite , få
21
other
annen
22
one
en , ett
23
two
to
24
three
tre
25
four
fire
26
five
fem
27
big
stor
28
long
lang
29
wide
bred , vid
30
thick
tykk
31
heavy
tung
32
small
liten , små
33
short
kort
34
narrow
trang , smal
35
thin
tynn
36
woman
kvinne
37
man (adult male)
mann
38
man (human being)
menneske
39
child
barn
40
wife
hustru
41
husband
mann , ektemann
42
mother
mor
43
father
far
44
animal
dyr
45
fish
fisk
46
bird
fugl
47
dog
hund
48
louse
lus
49
snake
slange
50
worm
mark , orm
51
tree
tre
52
forest
skog
53
stick
stokk
54
fruit
frukt
55
seed
frø
56
leaf
blad
57
root
rot
58
bark (of a tree)
bark
59
flower
blomst
60
grass
gress
61
rope
tau
62
skin
hud
63
meat
kjøtt
64
blood
blod
65
bone
ben
66
fat (noun)
fett
67
egg
egg
68
horn
horn
69
tail
hale
70
feather
fjær
71
hair
hår
72
head
hode
73
ear
øre
74
eye
øye
75
nose
nese
76
mouth
munn
77
tooth
tann
78
tongue (organ)
tunge
79
fingernail
negl
80
foot
fot
81
leg
ben
82
knee
kne
83
hand
hånd
84
wing
vinge
85
belly
mage
86
guts
involler, tarmer
87
neck
hals
88
back
rygg
89
breast
bryst
90
heart
hjerte
91
liver
lever
92
to drink
drikke
93
to eat
spise
94
to bite
bite
95
to suck
suge
96
to spit
spytte
97
to vomit
kaste opp , spy
98
to blow
blåse
99
to breathe
puste
100
to laugh
le
101
to see
se
102
to hear
høre
103
to know
vite
104
to think
tenke
105
to smell
lukte
106
to fear
frykte
107
to sleep
sove
108
to live
leve
109
to die
dø
110
to kill
drepe
111
to fight
slåss
112
to hunt
jage
113
to hit
slå
114
to cut
skjære
115
to split
kløve , splitte opp
116
to stab
stikke
117
to scratch
skrape
118
to dig
grave
119
to swim
svømme
120
to fly
fly
121
to walk
gå
122
to come
komme
123
to lie (as in a bed)
legge , ligge
124
to sit
sette , sitte
125
to stand
stå opp , stå
126
to turn (intransitive)
svinge , snu
127
to fall
falle
128
to give
gi
129
to hold
holde
130
to squeeze
klemme
131
to rub
gni
132
to wash
vaske
133
to wipe
tørke
134
to pull
dra
135
to push
skyve
136
to throw
kaste
137
to tie
binde
138
to sew
sy
139
to count
telle
140
to say
si
141
to sing
synge
142
to play
leke
143
to float
flyte
144
to flow
renne
145
to freeze
fryse
146
to swell
svulme opp
147
sun
sol
148
moon
måne
149
star
stjerne
150
water
vann
151
rain
regn
152
river
elv
153
lake
innsjø
154
sea
sjø , hav
155
salt
salt
156
stone
stein
157
sand
sand
158
dust
støv
159
earth
jord
160
cloud
sky
161
fog
tåke
162
sky
himmel
163
wind
vind
164
snow
snø
165
ice
is
166
smoke
røyk
167
fire
ild
168
ash
aske
169
to burn
brenne
170
road
vei
171
mountain
fjell
172
red
rød
173
green
grønn
174
yellow
gul
175
white
hvit
176
black
sort
177
night
natt
178
day
dag
179
year
år
180
warm
varm
181
cold
kald
182
full
full
183
new
ny
184
old
gammel
185
good
god , bra
186
bad
dårlig
187
rotten
råtten
188
dirty
skitten
189
straight
rett
190
round
rund
191
sharp (as a knife)
skarp
192
dull (as a knife)
sløv
193
smooth
glatt
194
wet
våt
195
dry
tørr
196
correct
rett , riktig
197
near
nær
198
far
langt borte , fjernt
199
right
høyre
200
left
venstre
201
at
i , på , ved
202
in
i
203
with
med
204
and
og
205
if
hvis , om
206
because
fordi
207
name
navn
This Swadesh list was copied from the French Bokmål Swadesh list.
Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
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