sy

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sy"

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /səi/

Etymology 1

From Dutch zij, from Middle Dutch si.

Pronoun

sy (object haar, possessive haar)

1. she (subject)

Alternative forms

• sij (obsolete)

See also

Afrikaans personal pronouns

			subjective	objective	possessive determiner	possessive pronoun
singular	1st		ek	my		myne
	2nd		jy	jou		joune
	2nd, formal		u			u s’n
	3rd	masc	hy	hom	sy	syne
		fem	sy	haar		hare
		neut	dit		sy	syne
plural	1st		ons			ons s’n
	2nd		julle / jul1			julle s’n
	3rd		hulle / hul1			hulle s’n

¹ The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function, but also otherwise, chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence.

Etymology 2

From Dutch zijn.

Determiner

sy

1. his
2. its

Alternative forms

• sij (obsolete)
• sijn (obsolete)
• syn (obsolete)

See also

Afrikaans personal pronouns

			subjective	objective	possessive determiner	possessive pronoun
singular	1st		ek	my		myne
	2nd		jy	jou		joune
	2nd, formal		u			u s’n
	3rd	masc	hy	hom	sy	syne
		fem	sy	haar		hare
		neut	dit		sy	syne
plural	1st		ons			ons s’n
	2nd		julle / jul1			julle s’n
	3rd		hulle / hul1			hulle s’n

¹ The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function, but also otherwise, chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence.

Etymology 3

From Dutch zijde, zij, from Middle Dutch side, from Old Dutch *sīda, from Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ.

Noun

sy (plural sye)

1. side

Etymology 4

From Dutch zijde, zij, from Middle Dutch side, from Old Dutch *sīda, from Latin sēda.

Noun

sy (uncountable)

1. silk

Etymology 5

Verb

sy

1. present subjunctive of wees

Albanian

Alternative forms

• sŷ (Gheg)
• saj [sɒj] (Northeastern Gheg)

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *asī, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷih₁ (dual), from singular *h₃okʷ- (compare Lithuanian akìs, Ancient Greek ὄσσε (ósse, “eyes”), English eye).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sy/

Noun

sy m (plural sy, definite syri, definite plural sytë)

1. (anatomy) eye

Declension

Declension of sy

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	sy	syri	sy	sytë
accusative		syrin
dative	syri	syrit	syve	syve
ablative			sysh

Derived terms

• syze
• syth

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse sýja, from Proto-Germanic *siwjaną, cognate with Swedish sy, English sew. The verb goes back to Proto-Indo-European *syuh₁- (“to sew”), which is also the source of Latin suō, Sanskrit सीव्यति (sī́vyati), Lithuanian siū́ti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /syː/, [syːˀ]
• Homophone: syg

Verb

sy (present tense syr or syer, past syede, past participle syet)

1. sew
2. stitch

Conjugation

Conjugation of sy

active passive present syr or syer sys or syes past syede syedes infinitive sy sys or syes imperative sy — participle present syende past syet (auxiliary verb have) gerund syen

Derived terms

• syer
• syerske
• syning

References

• “sy” in Den Danske Ordbog

Egyptian

Romanization

sy

1. Alternative transliteration of zy.

Guaraní

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *t͡ʃɨ, from Proto-Tupian *tɨ.

Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní xy and Old Tupi sy

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sɨ/

• (Paraguayan Guarani, Eastern Guarani, Southwestern Guarani) IPA^(key): [sɨˠ], [sɯ].
• Rhymes: -ɨ

Noun

sy (plural sykuéra)

1. mother, mom

   Che sy sa'y ohayhuvéva ha'e hovy.

   My mother's favorite colour is blue.

Indonesian

Pronoun

sy

1. (text messaging) Abbreviation of saya.

   Synonyms: gw, w

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *esi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sɨ]

Verb

sy

1. second-person singular present of byś

Malay

Pronoun

sy

1. (informal, text messaging, Internet slang) Abbreviation of saya (“I”).

Middle English

Noun

sy

1. Alternative form of siȝe

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse sýja.

Verb

sy (imperative sy, present tense syr, simple past sydde, past participle sydd)

1. to sew
2. to stitch

Derived terms

• sying
• symaskin
• synål

References

• “sy” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse sýja, from Proto-Germanic *siwjaną.

Verb

sy (present tense syr, past tense sydde, past participle sytt/sydd, passive infinitive syast, present participle syande, imperative sy)

1. (transitive) to sew
2. (transitive, ergative) to stitch

Derived terms

• bordsy
• durksy
• randsy
• skreddarsy
• sy puter under armane på
• syar
• sydame
• syerske
• sying
• syklubb
• symaskin
• synål

Related terms

• saum m

Etymology 2

Short form of syde.

Verb

sy (present tense syd, past tense saud, supine sodi)

1. (pre-1959) alternative form of syde

References

• “sy” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /syː/

Verb

sȳ

1. Alternative form of sīe

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

• xy

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *t͡ʃɨ, from Proto-Tupian *tɨ.

Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní xy and Guaraní sy

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɨ/
• Rhymes: -ɨ
• Hyphenation: sy

Noun

sy (possessable)

1. mother (one's female parent)

   Synonym: a'i

   Hyponym: a'ysy

2. (figurative) origin; beginning

Synonyms

• mãîa

Derived terms

• kûarasy
• mendy
• sy'yra
• sye'yma
• syge'oka
• symena

Adjective

sy (noun form sy)

1. motherful (having a mother)

Declension

    Declension of sy (S-starting, oral vowel ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Causative	mondy
Deadjectivals
-ba'e	i xyba'e
-sab(a)	sŷaba / sysaba
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person exclusive	1st person inclusive	2nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative	xe sy	nde sy	i xy	oré sy	îandé sy	pe sy
Imperative
Permissive	ta xe sy	ta nde sy	t'i xy	t'oré sy	t'îandé sy	ta pe sy
Negative indicative	na xe syî	na nde syî	n'i xyî	n'oré syî	n'îandé syî	na pe syî
Negative imperative		nde sy umẽ				pe sy umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe sy umẽ	ta nde sy umẽ	t'i xy umẽ	t'oré sy umẽ	t'îandé sy umẽ	ta pe sy umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe syramo	nde syramo	o syramo	oré syramo	îandé syramo	pe syramo
Negative	xe sye'ymamo	nde sye'ymamo	o sye'ymamo	oré sye'ymamo	îandé sye'ymamo	pe sye'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	sy
Negative	sye'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	same as gerund1
	xe syû2		i xyû2	oré syû2	îandé syû2
Negative	same as gerund1
	xe sye'ymi2		i xye'ymi2	oré sye'ymi2	îandé sye'ymi2
1South Tupi 2North Tupi

References

• Antônio Lemos Barbosa (1956) Curso de tupi antigo: gramática, exercícios, textos [Course of Old Tupi: Grammar, Exercises, Texts]‎^[1] (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Livraria São José
• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “sy”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 450, column 1

Portuguese

Pronoun

sy

1. Obsolete spelling of si.

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse sýja.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

sy (present syr, preterite sydde, supine sytt, imperative sy)

1. to sew

Conjugation

Conjugation of sy (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	sy		sys
supine	sytt		sytts
imperative	sy		—
imper. plural1	syn		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	syr	sydde	sys	syddes
ind. plural1	sy	sydde	sys	syddes
subjunctive2	sy	sydde	sys	syddes
present participle		syende
past participle		sydd

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• sy in
• syförening
• syjunta
• symaskin
• synål

Related terms

• söm
• sömmare
• sömmerska
• sömnad

Further reading

• sy in Svensk ordbok.

Upper Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɨ/
• Rhymes: -ɨ
• Syllabification: sy

Verb

sy

1. second-person singular present of być

   Ty sy rjany.

   You are beautiful.

Welsh

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /sɨː/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /siː/
• Rhymes: -ɨː

Verb

sy (not mutable)

1. Alternative form of sydd

West Frisian

Pronunciation

• (Clay) IPA^(key): /sɛi̯/
• (Wood) IPA^(key): /si/
• (unstressed) IPA^(key): /sə/

Etymology 1

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *iz and *hiz. For the sibilant onset, compare other West Germanic cognates (Dutch zij, German Sie, and possibly English she).

Pronoun

sy

1. she (third-person singular feminine pronoun)

   Synonym: hja

   Sy die.

   She did.

Inflection

West Frisian personal pronouns and possessives

			personal				possessive
			subject case	object case			determiner	pronoun
				normal	reflexive
singular	1st		ik	my	mysels		myn	mines
	2nd	informal	do, dû1	dy	dysels		dyn	dines
		formal	jo	jo	josels		jo	jowes
	3rd	m	hy	him	himsels		syn	sines
		f	sy, hja1	har	harsels		har	harres
		n	it	it	himsels		syn	sines
plural	1st		wy	ús	ússels		ús	uzes
	2nd		jim(me)	jim(me)	jimsels, jinsels		jim(me)	jimmes
	3rd		sy, hja1	har(ren)	harsels		har(ren)	harres

¹ Now mostly archaic and unused.

Further reading

• “sy (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronoun

sy

1. they (third-person plural pronoun)

   Synonym: hja

   Sy dienen.

   They did.

Inflection

West Frisian personal pronouns and possessives

			personal				possessive
			subject case	object case			determiner	pronoun
				normal	reflexive
singular	1st		ik	my	mysels		myn	mines
	2nd	informal	do, dû1	dy	dysels		dyn	dines
		formal	jo	jo	josels		jo	jowes
	3rd	m	hy	him	himsels		syn	sines
		f	sy, hja1	har	harsels		har	harres
		n	it	it	himsels		syn	sines
plural	1st		wy	ús	ússels		ús	uzes
	2nd		jim(me)	jim(me)	jimsels, jinsels		jim(me)	jimmes
	3rd		sy, hja1	har(ren)	harsels		har(ren)	harres

¹ Now mostly archaic and unused.

Further reading

• “sy (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011