From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
This is a Swadesh list of Tupian languages, specifically Old Tupi and Guaraní, compared with that of English.
| Nº
|
English
|
Old Tupi
|
Guarani
Avañe'ë, Paraguáigua Guarani (Modern)
|
| 1
|
I
|
ixé, xe
|
che
|
| 2
|
you
|
endé, nde
|
nde
|
| 3
|
he
|
a'e, i
|
ha'e, i
|
| 4
|
we
|
îandé (+ 2nd person); oré (− 2nd person)
|
ñande (+ 2nd person); ore (− 2nd person)
|
| 5
|
you
|
peẽ, pe
|
peẽ, pe
|
| 6
|
they
|
a'e, i
|
ha'ekuéra, hikúai (post-verbal)
|
| 7
|
this
|
ã, kó, ang, ikó
|
ko
|
| 8
|
that
|
kûeî, akûeî
|
pe
|
| 9
|
here
|
iké, ké
|
ko'ápe
|
| 10
|
there
|
bõ, abõ
|
upépe
|
| 11
|
who
|
abape
|
mávapa
|
| 12
|
what
|
mba'epe
|
mba'épa
|
| 13
|
where
|
umá, umã, mamõpe
|
mamópa
|
| 14
|
when
|
saê
|
araka'épa
|
| 15
|
how
|
pupé
|
mba'éichapa
|
| 16
|
not
|
inti, ti, na ... i
|
ani .../ nd....i /nd...iri
|
| 17
|
all
|
paûá
|
pa
|
| 18
|
many
|
tyba, etá
|
eta (h-, r-)heta,reta / -ita
|
| 19
|
some
|
amó
|
mbovy
|
| 20
|
few
|
mobyr
|
mbovy
|
| 21
|
other
|
ambué
|
ambue
|
| 22
|
one
|
oîepé
|
peteĩ
|
| 23
|
two
|
mokõi
|
mokõi
|
| 24
|
three
|
mosapyr
|
mbohapy
|
| 25
|
four
|
irundyk, oîoirundyk
|
irundy
|
| 26
|
five
|
xepó, ambó
|
po
|
| 27
|
big
|
gûasu
|
tuicha, guasu
|
| 28
|
long
|
puku
|
puku
|
| 29
|
wide
|
[[]]
|
pe
|
| 30
|
thick
|
anama
|
kyra
|
| 31
|
heavy
|
poxýi
|
pohýi
|
| 32
|
small
|
mirĩ
|
michĩ
|
| 33
|
short
|
akytã
|
mbyky
|
| 34
|
narrow
|
mbé
|
po'i
|
| 35
|
thin
|
tapi
|
pererĩ
|
| 36
|
woman
|
kunhã
|
kuña
|
| 37
|
man
(adult male)
|
abá, apŷaba
|
kuimba'e
|
| 38
|
man
(human being)
|
abá
|
tekove
|
| 39
|
child
|
kunumĩ, uirá
|
mitã'i
|
| 40
|
wife
|
embireko (t-)
|
tembireko (h-r)
|
| 41
|
husband
|
mena
|
ména
|
| 42
|
mother
|
sy
|
sy
|
| 43
|
father
|
uba (t-)
|
túva,túa, ru
|
| 44
|
animal
|
so'o
|
mymba, tymba
|
| 45
|
fish
|
pirá
|
pira
|
| 46
|
bird
|
guirá, gra
|
guyra
|
| 47
|
dog
|
îaguara
|
jagua
|
| 48
|
louse
|
mukyrãna
|
[[]]
|
| 49
|
snake
|
mboîa, boi
|
mbói
|
| 50
|
worm
|
miñoka
|
taso
|
| 51
|
tree
|
ybyrá
|
yvyra
|
| 52
|
forest
|
ka'a
|
ka'aguy
|
| 53
|
stick
|
akã (s-)
|
pokoka
|
| 54
|
fruit
|
ybá
|
yva
|
| 55
|
seed
|
si
|
ta'ỹi
|
| 56
|
leaf
|
oba (s-)
|
togue
|
| 57
|
root
|
apó (t-)
|
tapo
|
| 58
|
bark
|
ibapé
|
[[]]
|
| 59
|
flower
|
potyra, mbotyra
|
yvoty
|
| 60
|
grass
|
ka'apĩ, kapi
|
ka'a, ñana
|
| 61
|
rope
|
sama
|
sã
|
| 62
|
skin
|
pira
|
pire
|
| 63
|
meat
|
o'o (t-)
|
so'o
|
| 64
|
blood
|
ugûy (t-)
|
tuguy
|
| 65
|
bone
|
kanga
|
kangue
|
| 66
|
fat (n.)
|
kaba, karaku
|
ñandy
|
| 67
|
egg
|
upiá (s-)
|
tupi'a
|
| 68
|
horn
|
aka
|
jepoka
|
| 69
|
tail
|
ûaia (s-)
|
tuguái
|
| 70
|
feather
|
aba
|
tague
|
| 71
|
hair
|
aba
|
áva
|
| 72
|
head
|
a, akanga
|
akã
|
| 73
|
ear
|
nambi
|
nambi
|
| 74
|
eye
|
esá (t-)
|
tesa (t-,h-,r-) tesa, hesa, resa
|
| 75
|
nose
|
tĩ
|
tĩ
|
| 76
|
mouth
|
îuru
|
juru
|
| 77
|
tooth
|
ãia (t-)
|
tãi
|
| 78
|
tongue
|
apekũ
|
kũ
|
| 79
|
fingernail
|
[[]]
|
pyapẽ
|
| 80
|
foot
|
py
|
py
|
| 81
|
leg
|
etimã (t-)
|
tetyma, hetyma, retyma
|
| 82
|
knee
|
endypyã
|
[[]]
|
| 83
|
hand
|
pó
|
po
|
| 84
|
wing
|
pepó
|
pepo
|
| 85
|
belly
|
puruã
|
[[]]
|
| 86
|
guts
|
py'a
|
py'akue
|
| 87
|
neck
|
aîura
|
ajúra
|
| 88
|
back
|
kupé
|
ape
|
| 89
|
breast
|
kama
|
káma
|
| 90
|
heart
|
ñiã, piá, pya
|
ñe'ã
|
| 91
|
liver
|
[[]]
|
py'akue
|
| 92
|
drink
|
i-u
|
-'u
|
| 93
|
eat
|
karu, 'u
|
karu, -'u
|
| 94
|
bite
|
su'u
|
su'u
|
| 95
|
suck
|
pyter (trans.), suban (trans.)
|
pyte
|
| 96
|
spit
|
mun (trans.)
|
ndyvu
|
| 97
|
vomit
|
gûe'en
|
guele'e
|
| 98
|
blow
|
peîu
|
peju
|
| 99
|
breathe
|
pytu
|
pytuhẽ
|
| 100
|
laugh
|
puká (intr.)
|
puka (a)
|
| 101
|
see
|
epîak (s-) (trans.)
|
echa (h-) (a)
|
| 102
|
hear
|
endub (s-) (trans.)
|
endu (h-) (a)
|
| 103
|
know
|
kuab (trans.)
|
kuaa (ai)
|
| 104
|
think
|
moang
|
mo'ã
|
| 105
|
smell
|
etun (s-) (trans.)
|
hetũ
|
| 106
|
fear
|
sykyîé (intr.)
|
kyhyje (a)
|
| 107
|
sleep
|
ker (intr.)
|
ke (a)
|
| 108
|
live
|
ikobé / ekobé (t-) (intr.)
|
kove (ai)
|
| 109
|
die
|
manõ / e'õ (t-) (intr.)
|
mano (a)
|
| 110
|
kill
|
îuká (trans.)
|
juka (a)
|
| 111
|
fight
|
momaran
|
ñorairõ (a)
|
| 112
|
hunt
|
[[]]
|
[[]]
|
| 113
|
hit
|
petek (trans.)
|
japete
|
| 114
|
cut
|
kûytĩ
|
kytỹ
|
| 115
|
split
|
bobok
|
[[]]
|
| 116
|
stab
|
kutuk
|
kutu (ai)
|
| 117
|
scratch
|
eỹia (s-) (trans.)
|
karãi
|
| 118
|
dig
|
ybykoi
|
jo'o
|
| 119
|
swim
|
'ytab (intr.)
|
yta (a)
|
| 120
|
fly (v.)
|
bebé (intr.)
|
veve (a)
|
| 121
|
walk
|
gûatá (intr.)
|
guata (a)
|
| 122
|
come
|
îur / ur (t-) (intr.)
|
ju (a)
|
| 123
|
lie
|
moúba
|
ty
|
| 124
|
sit
|
gûapyk (intr.)
|
guapy (a)
|
| 125
|
stand
|
'am
|
pu'ã
|
| 126
|
turn
|
bak
|
pyryrỹi
|
| 127
|
fall
|
'ar
|
-'a
|
| 128
|
give
|
me'eng (trans.)
|
me'ẽ (a)
|
| 129
|
hold
|
rekó
|
reko
|
| 130
|
squeeze
|
pyk (trans.)
|
jopy
|
| 131
|
rub
|
kûytyk, pixyb
|
kyty
|
| 132
|
wash
|
ei (s-) (trans.)
|
johéi
|
| 133
|
wipe
|
[[]]
|
ky'a'o
|
| 134
|
pull
|
no'ẽ
|
nohẽ
|
| 135
|
push
|
moanhan
|
muaña
|
| 136
|
throw
|
ityk
|
ty
|
| 137
|
tie
|
tĩ, apytĩ
|
ñapytĩ
|
| 138
|
sew
|
poban (trans.)
|
mbovyvy
|
| 139
|
count
|
papar (trans.)
|
papa (ai)
|
| 140
|
say
|
'e
|
-e
|
| 141
|
sing
|
nhe'engar (intr.)
|
purahéi (a)
|
| 142
|
play
|
nhemosarai
|
ñembosarái
|
| 143
|
float
|
bebui
|
vevýi
|
| 144
|
flow
|
[[]]
|
syry
|
| 145
|
freeze
|
[[]]
|
To'ysâ,Ro'ysâ, Ho'ysâ (case distintion)
|
| 146
|
swell
|
mopungá
|
[[]]
|
| 147
|
sun
|
kûarasy
|
kuarahy
|
| 148
|
moon
|
îasy
|
jasy
|
| 149
|
star
|
îasytatá
|
mbyja
|
| 150
|
water
|
'y
|
y
|
| 151
|
rain
|
amana
|
ama
|
| 152
|
river
|
'y
|
ysyry
|
| 153
|
lake
|
upaba
|
ypa
|
| 154
|
sea
|
paranã
|
para
|
| 155
|
salt
|
îukyra
|
juky
|
| 156
|
stone
|
itá
|
ita
|
| 157
|
sand
|
ybyku'i
|
yvyku'i
|
| 158
|
dust
|
tubyra
|
yvytimbo
|
| 159
|
earth
|
yby
|
yvy
|
| 160
|
cloud
|
ybatinga
|
arai
|
| 161
|
fog
|
ybytinga
|
tatatína
|
| 162
|
sky
|
ybaka
|
yvága
|
| 163
|
wind
|
ybytu
|
yvytu
|
| 164
|
snow
|
ro'yrypy'aka
|
yrypy'a
|
| 165
|
ice
|
ro'yrypy'aka
|
yrypy'a
|
| 166
|
smoke
|
atatinga (t-), petyma
|
tatatĩ, timbo
|
| 167
|
fire
|
atá (t-)
|
ata (t-)
|
| 168
|
ash
|
tanimbuka
|
kusugue, tanimbu
|
| 169
|
burn
|
kay
|
kái
|
| 170
|
road
|
(a)pe (t-)
|
ape (t-)
|
| 171
|
mountain
|
ybytyra
|
yvyty
|
| 172
|
red
|
pytang, pirang
|
pytã
|
| 173
|
green
|
oby (s-)
|
sa'yky
|
| 174
|
yellow
|
îub
|
sa'yju
|
| 175
|
white
|
ting
|
morotĩ
|
| 176
|
black
|
un (s-)
|
ũ (h-)
|
| 177
|
night
|
pytuna
|
pyhare
|
| 178
|
day
|
'ara
|
ára
|
| 179
|
year
|
seîxu, akaîu
|
ary
|
| 180
|
warm
|
akub/a (r,s)
|
haku
|
| 181
|
cold
|
ro'y
|
ro'y
|
| 182
|
full
|
enysem (s-)
|
enyhẽ (h-)
|
| 183
|
new
|
pysasu
|
pyahu
|
| 184
|
old
|
gûera
|
tuja
|
| 185
|
good
|
katu
|
porã, pupu
|
| 186
|
bad
|
aíb
|
vai
|
| 187
|
rotten
|
îuk
|
tuju
|
| 188
|
dirty
|
ky'á
|
ky'a
|
| 189
|
straight
|
atãnhé
|
[[]]
|
| 190
|
round
|
a, puã
|
apu'a
|
| 191
|
sharp
|
aembe'e
|
haimbe
|
| 192
|
dull
|
[[]]
|
[[]]
|
| 193
|
smooth
|
syma, asyma
|
sỹi
|
| 194
|
wet
|
akûyma
|
hykue
|
| 195
|
dry
|
aku'i, tininga
|
kã
|
| 196
|
correct
|
katu
|
hekopete, porâ
|
| 197
|
near
|
piri
|
âguĩ
|
| 198
|
far
|
apuê, apê
|
mombyry
|
| 199
|
right
|
'ekatuaba
|
akatúape
|
| 200
|
left
|
asu
|
asúpe
|
| 201
|
at
|
-pe
|
-pe
|
| 202
|
in
|
-pe, pupé (inside of)
|
-pe, pýpe (inside of)
|
| 203
|
with
|
ndibé, irũnamo, irumo (company); pupé (instrument)
|
ndive, ndie, ndi (company)
|
| 204
|
and
|
none; y(in Nheengatu via Portuguese)
|
ha
|
| 205
|
if
|
saé
|
... rõ
|
| 206
|
because
|
mahy, saê
|
ajeve
|
| 207
|
name
|
era (t-)
|
éra (t-, h-, r-)(téra, réra, héra)
|
| Swadesh lists |
|---|
| Individual languages |
|
|
| Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings |
|
|
| Constructed languages |
|
|
| Reconstructed proto-languages |
|
|
| (edit this template) |
