bak

See also: Appendix:Variations of "bak"

Languages (31)

Acehnese • Afrikaans • Albanian • Balinese • Dutch • Faroese • Garo • Haitian Creole • Hokkien • Hungarian • Icelandic • Indonesian • Jamaican Creole • Javanese • Luxembourgish • Middle English • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Polish • Old Saxon • Phalura • Polish • Sahu • Swedish • Turkish • Tzeltal • Tzotzil • Yola • Zhuang

Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

bak

(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Bashkir.

English

This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

Etymology 1

Adverb

bak (not comparable)

(text messaging) Abbreviation of back.

Etymology 2

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Bak (instrument)

Wikipedia

From Korean 박 (bak).

Noun

bak (plural baks)

A wooden clapper used in Korean courts and rituals

Anagrams

BKA, kab

Acehnese

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Noun

bak

trunk (of a tree)

References

2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bak/

Etymology 1

From Dutch bak, from French bac.

Noun

bak (plural bakke, diminutive bakkie)

covered bowl, basin
tub, vat
boot (UK), trunk (US) of a car

Derived terms

bakoor

Etymology 2

From Dutch bakken, from Middle Dutch backen.

Verb

bak (present bak, present participle bakkende, past participle gebak)

to bake
to fry

Albanian

Etymology

Either a variant of bark, or from Proto-Albanian *bauka, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰōw (“to blow, swell”), close to Proto-Germanic *būkaz (“belly, body”), Dutch buik (“belly”), German Bauch (“belly, stomach”), Swedish buk (“belly, abdomen”).

Noun

bak m (plural baqe, definite baku, definite plural baqet)

belly, stomach

Balinese

Romanization

bak

Romanization of ᬩᬓ᭄

Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɑk/
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: bak
Rhymes: -ɑk

Etymology 1

From French bac.

Noun

bak m (plural bakken, diminutive bakje n)

container, such as a box, a crate, a tray or a tub
Synonym: krat
(informal, usually in the plural) a large amount, lots
Het regent bakken met water.
It's raining lots of water.
(Netherlands) drinking vessel, usually a cup or mug
Synonyms: kop, mok
(informal, Netherlands, Belgium, Bargoens) the slammer, jail, prison
Synonyms: bajes, gevang, gevangenis, lik, nor
(colloquial) a vehicle, a car
Synonyms: auto, kar, wagen, waggie

Derived terms

Descendants

Afrikaans: bak
Berbice Creole Dutch: baksi
Negerhollands: bak
- → Virgin Islands Creole: bak, baks (archaic)
→ Caribbean Hindustani: báki
→ Caribbean Javanese: bak, bag
→ Indonesian: bak, baki
- → Javanese: ꦧꦏꦶ (baki)
- → Ternate: baki
→ Javanese: ꦧꦏ꧀ (bak)
→ Papiamentu: baki (from the diminutive)
→ Sranan Tongo: baki
- → Caribbean Javanese: baki

Etymology 2

From versnellingsbak, from etymology 1.

Noun

bak m (plural bakken, diminutive bakje n)

Short for versnellingsbak.

Derived terms

handbak

Etymology 3

Noun

bak m (uncountable)

The act of baking (food).

Derived terms

Verb

bak

inflection of bakken:
1. first-person singular present indicative
2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
3. imperative

Etymology 4

From Middle Dutch *bak, bake, baec (“meat from the back of a pig”), from Old Dutch *bak (“back, rear”), from Proto-Germanic *baką. Cognate with English back, Icelandic bak. Etymologically related to bakboord and achterbaks.

Noun

bak m (plural bakken, diminutive bakje n)

The meat of a pig, pork.
A pig.

Etymology 5

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

bak m (plural bakken, diminutive bakje n)

A joke, crack.

Derived terms

jij-bak

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.

Noun

bak n (genitive singular baks, plural bøk)

back

Declension

n5	singular		plural
n5	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bak	bakið	bøk	bøkini
accusative	bak	bakið	bøk	bøkini
dative	baki	bakinum	bøkum	bøkunum
genitive	baks	baksins	baka	bakanna

Garo

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Postposition

bak

(follows locative case -cha) side, position, in the direction of
part, section

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French barque (“small boat”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bak/

Noun

bak

ferryboat, flat-bottomed boat
tray used by street vendors

References

Targète, Jean and Urciolo, Raphael G. Haitian Creole-English dictionary (1993; →ISBN)

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions of bak – see 沐 (“to stain”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 沐).

Hungarian

Etymology

From German Bock (“buck”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈbɒk]
Rhymes: -ɒk

Noun

bak (plural bakok)

buck (a male goat, or the male of other small ruminants, such as the chamois or roe)
- 1981, Gyula Viga, “Az állatok, a tartás technikája”, in Népi kecsketartás Magyarországon‎^[1]:
  Bakot főként a pásztorok tartottak, általában 40-50 jerkére egyet.
  Bucks were mostly kept by herders, usually one for every 40-50 does.
(historical) box seat, box (driver’s seat on a horse-drawn carriage or cart)
- 1856, Mór Jókai, “A rém”, in A régi jó táblabírák:
  A kocsis mellett a bakon ült az ispán, akinek jó volt ott is.
  The count was sitting next to the coachman on the box, which suited him just fine.
trestle, sawhorse (support, usually made of wooden beams, with a pair of divergent legs at each end)
- 2007, István Balogh, “Törökkávé”, in Szilveszter Szilveszter‎^[2]:
  Az öreg ladikot fenékkel fölfelé két bakra állítják.
  The old punt is placed bottom up on two trestles.
drawing horse, donkey bench (short bench for art students, with a raised end used to prop up a drawing board)
- 2010, Katalin Vámosi, “Mazsaroff Miklós életének főbb mozzanatai”, in Mazsaroff Miklós 1929–1997: A természet igézetében‎^[3]:
  A mester teraszán rajzoltunk a nemrégiben beszerzett néhány bakon.
  We used to draw on the master’s terrace on a couple of recently acquired drawing horses.
(in set phrases) boost, leg up (cupping one’s hands so as to form a step for someone who is attempting to climb)
- 2009, László Béres, “Utca így még nem várt karácsonyt”, in Petőfi Népe‎^[4], volume 64, number 3:
  Ugyan már, bakot tart, én kimászok, leadom a létrát és mindketten kint vagyunk a gödörből.
  Oh come on, you give me a leg up, I climb out, lower the ladder, and we’re both out of the pit.

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	bak	bakok
accusative	bakot	bakokat
dative	baknak	bakoknak
instrumental	bakkal	bakokkal
causal-final	bakért	bakokért
translative	bakká	bakokká
terminative	bakig	bakokig
essive-formal	bakként	bakokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	bakban	bakokban
superessive	bakon	bakokon
adessive	baknál	bakoknál
illative	bakba	bakokba
sublative	bakra	bakokra
allative	bakhoz	bakokhoz
elative	bakból	bakokból
delative	bakról	bakokról
ablative	baktól	bakoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	baké	bakoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	bakéi	bakokéi

Possessive forms of bak
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	bakom	bakjaim
2nd person sing.	bakod	bakjaid
3rd person sing.	bakja	bakjai
1st person plural	bakunk	bakjaink
2nd person plural	bakotok	bakjaitok
3rd person plural	bakjuk	bakjaik

Derived terms

Compound words

Expressions

bakot lő

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /paːk/
Rhymes: -aːk

Noun

bak n (genitive singular baks, nominative plural bök)

(anatomy) back
back, backside

Declension

Declension of bak (neuter)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bak	bakið	bök	bökin
accusative	bak	bakið	bök	bökin
dative	baki	bakinu	bökum	bökunum
genitive	baks	baksins	baka	bakanna

Derived terms

Indonesian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bak/
Hyphenation: bak

Preposition

bak

preposition to denote comparison.
- kedua anak muda itu wajahnya mirip, bak pinang dibelah dua

Etymology 2

From Dutch bak (“container, vessel”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɑk/
Hyphenation: bak

Noun

bak

container.
water container.

Compounds

Related terms

baki

Etymology 3

From Hokkien 墨 (ba̍k, “ink; Chinese ink”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bak/
Hyphenation: bak

Noun

bak

black Chinese ink.

Etymology 4

Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bak/
Hyphenation: bak

Noun

bak

sound of slapping or punching.

Jamaican Creole

Etymology

Derived from English back.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bak/

Adverb

bak

back
- 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, 2 Korintiyan 6:12:
  Wi naa uol bak wi lov fi unu bot unu a uol bak fi unu lov fi wi.
  We don't hold back our love for you but you hold back your love for us.

Noun

bak (plural bak dem, quantified bak)

back (of the body)
Mi bak de hat mi.
My back is hurting.

Javanese

Romanization

bak

Romanization of ꦧꦏ꧀

Luxembourgish

Verb

bak

second-person singular imperative of baken

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English bæc, from Proto-West Germanic *bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.

Alternative forms

bac, bacc, back, backe, bakke, bakk, bake

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bak/

Noun

bak (plural bakkes)

The back, hind, or rear of a being's body:
- c. 1300, Havelok, Havelok the Dane
  Summe putten with gleyue in bac and side, And yeuen wundes longe and wide.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
1. (figurative) What a person or creature carries or takes with themself/itself.
2. (rare) The parts of a person which aren't visible to themself.
The back, of something more generally; the non-facing side.
The vertebrae or spine; the bone holding up the back.
(rare) The extremities, margin or boundary of something.
(rare) The fur or hide of an animal (removed from an animal)

Derived terms

Descendants

English: back
Scots: back, bak, bake

References

“bak, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-12.

Etymology 2

From abak.

Alternative forms

bac

Adverb

bak

backward

Descendants

English: back
Yola: bak

References

“bak, adv. (& adj.).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 3

A shortening of Old Swedish nattbakka.

Noun

bak (plural bakkes)

Alternative form of bakke (“bat”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Adverb

bak

at the back, behind
bak fram - back to front

for langt bak - too far back / behind

Preposition

bak

behind
bak kulissene - behind the scenes

Noun

bak m (definite singular baken, indefinite plural baker, definite plural bakene)
bak n (definite singular baket, indefinite plural bak, definite plural baka or bakene)

(anatomy) behind, bottom, backside
et spark bak - a kick in / up the backside (etc.)
back, rear, seat (of trousers)
buttocks

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

bak

imperative of bake

References

“bak” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɑːk/

Adverb

bak

at the back, behind
bak fram - back to front

for langt bak - too far back / behind

Preposition

bak

behind
bak kulissane - behind the scenes

Noun

bak m (definite singular baken, indefinite plural bakar, definite plural bakane)
bak n (definite singular baket, indefinite plural bak, definite plural baka)

(anatomy) behind, bottom, backside
eit spark bak - a kick in / up the backside (etc.)
back, rear, seat (of trousers)

Derived terms

References

“bak” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Polish

Etymology

Deverbal from bakać. First attested in 1448–1450.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /baːk/
IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /bɒk/

Noun

bak m animacy unattested

(attested in Masovia) shout, yell
Synonym: bakliwość
- 1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 9:
  Paan, sz bakem a s gwalthowym ghelkem przydancz do sandv (dominus cum clamore et violento strepitu ad iudicium veniens), wyną pyancznadzescza ma bicz skaran
  [Pan z bakiem a z gwałtowym giełkiem przydąc do sądu (dominus cum clamore et violento strepitu ad iudicium veniens), winą pięćnadzieścia ma być skaran]

Related terms

noun

verbs

bakać impf
zbakać pf

References

B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “bak”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbɑk/

Noun

bak n

back (body part)
back (rear part of something)

Declension

Declension of bak (neuter a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	bak	baku
accusative	bak	baku
genitive	bakes	bakō
dative	bake	bakum
instrumental	—	—

Descendants

Middle Low German: bak
- ⇒ Middle Low German: *huckebak
  - Low German: Huckeback
    - → German: huckepack

Phalura

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bak/

Adverb

bak (Perso-Arabic spelling بک)

Co-lexicalized intensifier

References

Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “bak”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎^[5], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

bak

Wikipedia ^pl

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbak/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ak
Syllabification: bak
Homophones: Bak, bug

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Russian бак (bak), from Dutch bak or German Back or English back.

Noun

bak m inan

tank (fuel reservoir of a vehicle)
Hypernym: zbiornik
tank (tankful)

Declension

Declension of bak

	singular	plural
nominative	bak	baki
genitive	baku	baków
dative	bakowi	bakom
accusative	bak	baki
instrumental	bakiem	bakami
locative	baku	bakach
vocative	baku	baki

tankful:

Declension of bak

	singular	plural
nominative	bak	baki
genitive	baka/baku	baków
dative	bakowi	bakom
accusative	bak	baki
instrumental	bakiem	bakami
locative	baku	bakach
vocative	baku	baki

Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Backenbart.

Noun

bak m inan (diminutive baczek)

sideburn
Synonyms: baczek, bokobrody, faworyt

Declension

Declension of bak

	singular	plural
nominative	bak	baki
genitive	baka/baku	baków
dative	bakowi	bakom
accusative	bak	baki
instrumental	bakiem	bakami
locative	baku	bakach
vocative	baku	baki

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

bak f

genitive plural of baka

Sahu

Etymology

From Dutch bak.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bak/

Noun

bak

a water-basin

References

Leontine Visser, Clemens Voorhoeve (1987) Sahu-Indonesian-English Dictionary, Brill

Swedish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɑːk/
Audio: (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish baker, from Old Norse bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką. Related to English back.

Adverb

bak (not comparable)

behind, at the back

Antonyms

fram

Related terms

bakom
bakre (adjective)
bakerst (adverb)
bakersta (adjective)
bakerste (adjective)

Preposition

bak

(dated) behind, 'hind
när månen döljer sig bak vinrankan
when the moon hides 'hind the grape vine

Noun

bak c

behind, ass, butt

Declension

Declension of **bak**
		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	bak	baks
singular	definite	baken	bakens
plural	indefinite	bakar	bakars
plural	definite	bakarna	bakarnas

Noun

bak n

baking
Inget doftar som mors bak.
Nothing smells like mom's baking.

Declension

Declension of bak

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	bak	baks
singular	definite	baket	bakets
plural	indefinite	bak	baks
plural	definite	baken	bakens

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Turkish bak.

Verb

bak (present bak, preterite bak, supine bak, imperative bak)

(slang) Alternative form of bakk

References

Turkish

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Verb

bak

second-person singular imperative of bakmak

Descendants

→ Swedish: bakk

Tzeltal

Noun

bak

bone

Tzotzil

Pronunciation

(Zinacantán) IPA^(key): /ɓäkʰ/

Noun

bak

bone

Derived terms

kʼatin bak

References

Laughlin, Robert M. (1975) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English bak.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bak/

Adverb

bak

back
- 1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 19:
  A pipere vel bak lik own in a smote,
  The piper fell back like one well smitten,

References

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 133

Zhuang

Pronunciation

(Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /paːk˧˥/
Tone numbers: bak⁷
Hyphenation: bak

Etymology 1

From Proto-Tai *paːkᴰ (“mouth”). Cognate with Thai ปาก (bpàak), Northern Thai ᨸᩣ᩠ᨠ, Lao ປາກ (pāk), Shan ပၢၵ်ႇ (pàak), Ahom 𑜆𑜀𑜫 (pak), Saek ป̄าก. Compare Southern Kam bags (“mouth”), Proto-Be *ɓaːkᴰ¹ (“mouth”) (whence ɓak⁷ in modern lects). Compare also Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baqbaq (whence Cebuano baba, Eastern Cham ꨚꨝꩍ (pabah), Hawaiian vaha).

Noun

bak (Sawndip forms 咟 or 㕷 or 北 or 𫩡 or 拍 or 剥 or 𠺣 or 吧, 1957–1982 spelling bak)

mouth
entrance; opening
account of or response to a particular issue
cutting edge of a tool
stitch; distance between stitches

Etymology 2

From Chinese 百 (MC paek).

Numeral

bak (1957–1982 spelling bak)

hundred

Translingual

Symbol

English

Etymology 1

Adverb

Etymology 2

Noun

Anagrams

Acehnese

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

Albanian

Etymology

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Balinese

Romanization

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Noun

Derived terms

Verb

Etymology 4

Noun

Etymology 5

Noun

Derived terms

Faroese

Etymology

Noun

Declension

See also

Garo

Etymology

Postposition

Haitian Creole

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Hokkien

Hungarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Icelandic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Indonesian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Preposition

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Compounds