kuab

See also: kûab

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

• kugûab
• kuá (São Vicente)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kuwaaβ.

Verb

kuab (first-person singular active indicative aîkuab, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîkuabi, noun kuaba) (transitive)

1. to know (to perceive the truth or factuality of)
2. to know (to be acquainted or familiar with; to have encountered)
   • 1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter V, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], Livro Terceiro do Cathecismo, e summa da Doctrina Christam [… ] (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 57:

     M. Marã ey pe S.Pedro?
     D. Naicuâbi aèabâ, ey, T. rece / Oyâbo tenhé, oemo emamo Tupã / rera renõya.

     [M[estre]. Marã e'ipe S[ão] Pedro?
     D[iscípulo]. N'aîkuabi a'e abá, e'i, T[upã] resé o'îabo tenhẽ, o emo'emamo Tupã rera renõîa.]

     Master: What did Saint Peter said?
     Disciple: I don't know this man, he said, saying to God in vain, lyingly calling the name of God.

3. to recognize (to match in memory)
4. to acknowledge (to be grateful of)
   • 1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter IIII, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], Livro Primeiro da Doctrina Christam (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 24:

     Maranamo pe ace Sanctos ara cuabi? / Ymoetebo, y pupe toriba monhanga?

     [Marãnamope asé santos 'ara kuabi? I moetébo, i pupé toryba monhanga?]

     Why do the people acknowledge the saints' days? Praising them, having parties on [these days]?

5. to guess (to reach an unconfirmed conclusion)
6. to judge
7. to feel (to find one's way by touching or using cautious movements)
8. to feel (to be or become aware of)
   • 1622, anonymous author, “Tolheito ou tolhido ter algum membro que o não sente”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 2 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 130; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:

     Naicuguabi xegiba […]

     [N'aîkugûabi xe îybá […] ]

     I don't feel my arm.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of kuab (transitive, B-ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Causative	kuabukar
Causative-comitative	erokuab
Reflexive	îekuab
Deverbals
-ba'e	oîkuaba'e
emi-	eminguaba / minguaba
-pyr(a)	i kuabypyra
-sab(a)	kuapaba
-sar(a)	kuapara
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person exclusive	1st person inclusive	2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative	aîkuab	ereîkuab	oîkuab	oroîkuab	îaîkuab	peîkuab
Permissive	t'aîkuab	t'ereîkuab	t'oîkuab	t'oroîkuab	t'îaîkuab	ta peîkuab
Imperative		eîkuab				peîkuab
Negative indicative	n'aîkuabi	n'ereîkuabi	n'oîkuabi	n'oroîkuabi	n'îaîkuabi	na peîkuabi
Negative permissive	t'aîkuab umẽ	t'ereîkuab umẽ	t'oîkuab umẽ	t'oroîkuab umẽ	t'îaîkuab umẽ	ta peîkuab umẽ
Negative imperative		eîkuab umẽ				peîkuab umẽ
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	kuaba
Negative	kuabe'yma
Gerund
Affirmative	xe kuapa	nde kuapa	i kuapa	oré kuapa	îandé kuapa	pe kuapa
Negative	xe kuabe'yma	nde kuabe'yma	i kuabe'yma	oré kuabe'yma	îandé kuabe'yma	pe kuabe'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	xe kuabi		i kuabi	oré kuabi	îandé kuabi
Negative	xe kuabe'ymi		i kuabe'ymi	oré kuabe'ymi	îandé kuabe'ymi

Descendants

• Nheengatu: kwáu

References

• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “kuab”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, pages 233–234