From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
This is a Swadesh list of words in Tashelhit English .
For further information, including the full final version of the list, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list .American linguist Morris Swadesh believed that languages changed at measurable rates and that these could be determined even for languages without written precursors. Using vocabulary lists, he sought to understand not only change over time but also the relationships of extant languages. To be able to compare languages from different cultures, he based his lists on meanings he presumed would be available in as many cultures as possible. He then used the fraction of agreeing cognates between any two related languages to compute their divergence time by some (still debated) algorithms. Starting in 1950 with 165 meanings, his list grew to 215 in 1952, which was so expansive that many languages lacked native vocabulary for some terms. Subsequently, it was reduced to 207, and reduced much further to 100 meanings in 1955. A reformulated list was published posthumously in 1971.
№ English Tashelhitedit (207) 1 I (1sg )nkki 2 you (2sg )kyyi kmmi 3 he , she , it (3sg )ntta nttat 4 we (1pl )nkkʷni nkkʷnti 5 you (2pl )kʷnni kʷnninti 6 they (3pl )nttni nttnti 7 this ɣad ad 8 that ɣan an 9 here ɣid 10 there ɣin 11 who ma(n) 12 what mi(t) 13 where mani 14 when managu 15 how manik mamnk 16 not ur 17 all akkʷ kullu 18 many mnnaw kigan kada 19 some kra 20 few imik 21 other wayyaḍ tayyaḍ 22 one yan 23 two sin 24 three kraḍ 25 four kkuẓ 26 five smmus 27 big imqqurn 28 long iɣzzifn 29 wide yusɛan 30 thick iḍnin iṭṭubzn 31 heavy iẓẓayn 32 small imẓẓiyn 33 short igzzuln 34 narrow ikṛṛuẓn inukman 35 thin isdidn icḍaḍn 36 woman tamɣart 37 man (adult male)argaz 38 man (human being)afgan 39 child afrux 40 wife tamɣart 41 husband argaz 42 mother inna immi 43 father baba ibba 44 animal lbhimt lhwaych 45 fish islm 46 bird agḍiḍ 47 dog aydi 48 louse tilkit 49 snake algmaḍ ablinka 50 worm tawkka 51 tree taddagt 52 forest tagant 53 stick akccuḍ 54 fruit lfakit agemmu 55 seed amud 56 leaf afraw 57 root aẓur 58 bark (of a tree)tifrkkit ifrkki 59 flower ajddig 60 grass tuga afar 61 rope izikr 62 skin ilm 63 meat tifyyi 64 blood idammn 65 bone ixss 66 fat (noun)tadunt 67 egg taglayt 68 horn isk 69 tail acṭṭab acwwaḍ 70 feather abzzir 71 hair azzar acakuk acakka 72 head agayyu ixf 73 ear amzzuɣ 74 eye tiṭṭ 75 nose tinzar 76 mouth imi 77 tooth axʷs tuɣmst 78 tongue (organ)ils 79 fingernail iskr 80 foot aḍar tiqqrt abacil 81 leg tiqqrt abacil aḍar 82 knee afud 83 hand afus 84 wing ifr 85 belly adis ahbbuḍ aḥlig aḥrur 86 guts ilawan irawdan 87 neck agṛḍ amggrḍ 88 back tadawt tiɣraḍ 89 breast admr 90 heart ul 91 liver tasa 92 to drink su 93 to eat c ic ctta 94 to bite bbi 95 to suck ssum 96 to spit ssufs 97 to vomit trra 98 to blow suff 99 to breathe sunfs suncḍ cuncḍ 100 to laugh ḍssa 101 to see ẓr mnid smuqql 102 to hear slla sfld 103 to know ssn 104 to think swingm 105 to smell kḍu 106 to fear kṣuḍ 107 to sleep ṭs 108 to live sul ddr 109 to die mmt 110 to kill nɣ 111 to fight mmaɣ 112 to hunt gʷmer 113 to hit ut 114 to cut bbi 115 to split bḍu 116 to stab syags 117 to scratch krrj kmz 118 to dig ɣz 119 to swim aɛwm 120 to fly ayl 121 to walk fttu zzigz ssudu 122 to come ackd actt aywad 123 to lie (as in a bed) gn 124 to sit ggawr 125 to stand bidd 126 to turn (intransitive) ssutl 127 to fall ḍr 128 to give fk 129 to hold amẓ zzga 130 to squeeze ẓm 131 to rub ḥukku sffḍ 132 to wash ssird 133 to wipe ṣfḍ 134 to pull awk 135 to push dḥi ntu 136 to throw luḥ gr 137 to tie ass krs 138 to sew gnu 139 to count ḥasb 140 to say ini 141 to sing tirir 142 to play hḍr 143 to float aywul 144 to flow ngi 145 to freeze sɣr 146 to swell uff 147 sun tafukt 148 moon ayyur 149 star titrit 150 water aman 151 rain anẓar 152 river asif 153 lake tamda 154 sea lbḥr ill 155 salt tisnt 156 stone aẓru 157 sand amlal 158 dust agḍrur 159 earth akal 160 cloud amdlu 161 fog tagut 162 sky ignna 163 wind aḍu 164 snow adfl 165 ice agris 166 smoke aggu 167 fire lɛfit afa takat 168 ash iɣd 169 to burn jdr 170 road aɣaras 171 mountain adrar amadl 172 red azggaɣ 173 green azgzaw 174 yellow awraɣ 175 white umlil acumlil 176 black asggan 177 night iḍ 178 day ass 179 year asggʷas 180 warm tirɣi 181 cold iṣmmiḍn ikrmn 182 full ikturn 183 new n ljdid amaynu 184 old aqdim 185 good ifulkin 186 bad ixcn 187 rotten ihlkn ixmmjn 188 dirty irkan 189 straight yuɣdn 190 round issutln 191 sharp (as a knife)imsidn ifrisn 192 dull (as a knife)iḥfan 193 smooth iḥrarn 194 wet ibdagn 195 dry izwan 196 correct iṣḥḥan 197 near yaẓn 198 far yaggugn 199 right afasi 200 left aẓlmaḍ 201 at ɣ dar 202 in ɣ 203 with d s 204 and d 205 if iɣ 206 because acku 207 name ism
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