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Appendix:Penutian Swadesh lists

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This is a Swadesh list of Penutian languages, specifically Yakima, Nez Perce, Klamath-Modoc, Chinook, Northeast Maidu and Wintu, compared with that of English.

This list includes:

  • Yakama
  • Nez Percé
  • Klamath

Note: Additional vocabulary words have been added after word No. 207 ("name"), since the original lengths of Swadesh lists are either 100 or 207 words.

List

[edit]
№ English Yakama Nez Percé Klamath Chinook Maidu Wintu Miwok languages
(various) 		Ohlone
1 I ínk ʔíin ni
2 you
(singular) 		ímk ʔíim ʔi (mi 'your')
3 he pínk ʔipí bi
4 we namák núun naat
5 you
(plural) 		imamanák ʔimé ʔaat
6 they pmák ʔimé baat
7 this íči kíi gee
8 that íkʼʷak yóx̣ hoot (nee [absent])
9 here íčnak kíne gida
10 there koná
11 who ʔisíi
12 what ʔitúu
13 where míne
14 when máwa
15 how manmaʔí
16 not míʔs, wéet'u, ʔisúʔ
17 all ʔúy
18 many ʔiléx̣ni
19 some kamác
20 few míil'ac
21 other néx̣sep
22 one náx.s náaqc na:s e:xt suti k'et keñe hemetca
23 two nápt lepít la:p môkct pene lel otiko utxin
24 three mítaat mitáat ndan Lo:n sapu panuly Tolokot kapxan
25 four pínapt píilept woni:p la'kit tsöye ly'aw oyisa ut.it
26 five páx.at páax̣at ton'ip qui'nEm ma-wika c'an mahoka parwe
27 big himéeq'is
28 long kuhét
29 wide himéeq'is
30 thick
31 heavy wiʔxwíʔx
32 small kúckuc
33 short kahát'o
34 narrow yoktyókt
35 thin hawáq'is
36 woman áyat ʔáayat sneʔweets ɬaʔakil kyle pʔōqta assa; oha mukurma
37 man
(adult male) 		háama
38 man
(human being) 		titóoqan
39 child
(a youth) 		miyáʔc
40 wife ʔiwéepne
41 husband háama
42 mother píke, ʔíis
43 father píst, tóot
44 animal waq'íiswitin
45 fish cúuy'em
46 bird payóopayoo
47 dog ciq'áamqal
48 louse píle (head), pipéex̣ (body)
49 snake páyos
50 worm séhey
51 tree pe-tein tewlíikt
52 forest léeqew
53 stick
(of wood) 		héecu
54 fruit timaaníitwit
55 seed lálx, tim'íne
56 leaf písqu
57 root qíʔnit (edible), ʔéx̣s (inedible)
58 bark
(of tree) 		péeqt
59 flower láatit
60 grass c'íxc'ix, péqs
61 rope téewtes
62 skin
(of a person)
63 meat
(as in flesh) 		núkt
64 blood kikéʔt
65 bone píips
66 fat
(noun) 		wéeʔikt
67 egg táam'am
68 horn téewis
69 tail tuʔúynu
70 feather
(rather not down) 		wéeptes
71 hair húukux (head), sétey (body)
72 head húusus
73 ear mac'áyo
74 eye sílu
75 nose núusnu
76 mouth hím'
77 tooth
(rather not molar) 		tít
78 tongue péews
79 fingernail ʔéese
80 foot ʔéx̣we
81 leg wéeyux
82 knee ʔíimn
83 hand ʔípsus
84 wing helqélx̣
85 belly ʔilúut
86 guts máymay, pilpil'úus
87 neck yéhet
88 back héelex
89 breast híni
90 heart tim'íne
91 liver sít'ex̣s
92 to drink kúu-
93 to eat hipí-
94 to bite keʔnpí-
95 to suck qúʔ-
96 to spit tulc'ée-, tulkeʔéyk-
97 to vomit wéew'uuq-
98 to blow
(as wind) 		háatya-
99 to breathe hées-
100 to laugh tíy'e-
101 to see hekí-
102 to hear mic'íi-
103 to know
(a fact) 		cúukwe-
104 to think nekí-, timmíyu-
105 to smell
(sense odor) 		núuxsi-
106 to fear cikáaw-
107 to sleep piním- (sg.), táwta- (pl.)
108 to live waq'iswíi-
109 to die tin'ukí-
110 to kill wáapciy'aw-
111 to fight
112 to hunt
(transitive)
113 to hit
114 to cut
115 to split
116 to stab
(or stick)
117 to scratch
(an itch)
118 to dig
119 to swim
120 to fly
121 to walk
122 to come
123 to lie
(as on one's side)
124 to sit
125 to stand
126 to turn
(change direction)
127 to fall
(as in drop)
128 to give
129 to hold
(in one's hand)
130 to squeeze
131 to rub
132 to wash
133 to wipe
134 to pull
135 to push
136 to throw
137 to tie
138 to sew
139 to count
140 to say
141 to sing
142 to play
143 to float
144 to flow
145 to freeze
146 to swell
147 sun
148 moon
149 star
150 water
151 rain
152 river
153 lake
154 sea
(as in ocean)
155 salt
156 stone
157 sand
158 dust
159 earth
(as in soil)
160 cloud
161 fog
162 sky
163 wind
(as in breeze)
164 snow
165 ice
166 smoke
167 fire
168 ash
169 to burn
(intransitive)
170 road
171 mountain
172 red
173 green
174 yellow
175 white
176 black
177 night
178 day
(daytime)
179 year
180 warm
(as in weather)
181 cold
(as in weather)
182 full
183 new
184 old
185 good
186 bad
187 rotten
(as, a log)
188 dirty
189 straight
190 round
191 sharp
(as a knife)
192 dull
(as a knife)
193 smooth
194 wet
195 dry
(adjective)
196 right
(correct)
197 near
198 far
199 right
(side)
200 left
(side)
201 at
202 in
203 with
(accompanying)
204 and
205 if
206 because
207 name
208 house
209 wall
210 deer
211 mouse
212 rabbit
213 eagle
214 spider
215 face
216 body
217 navel
218 finger
219 sick
(painful)
220 needle
221 clothing
222 thunder
223 lightning
224 above
225 below
226 to cough
227 to buy
228 to choose
229 to grow
230 to open
231 to steal
232 to dream
233 to cry
234 to yawn
235 to cook
236 six uyláxs ?oylá.qc nacksept tE'xEm sai-tsoko ser-panuly Temoka nakitci
237 seven uynápt ?uyné.pt lapksept si'namôkct topwi lolo:qi titawa t.akitci
238 eight uymátat ?oymátat ndanksept kstô'xkin pen-tcöi ser-ly'awi kawinta taitimin
239 nine k'úyc k'úyc nacq'e:ks kui'tst peliem k'ete:m eliwa paki
240 ten pútimt pú.tim tewn'ip ta:'-Le:lam ma-tsoko tiqeles naatca tansakte

Sources

[edit]
[edit]
Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
(edit this template)
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