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Appendix:Manipuri Swadesh list

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

This is a Swadesh list of words in Manipuri, compared with definitions in English.

Presentation

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For further information, including the full final version of the list, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list.

American linguist Morris Swadesh believed that languages changed at measurable rates and that these could be determined even for languages without written precursors. Using vocabulary lists, he sought to understand not only change over time but also the relationships of extant languages. To be able to compare languages from different cultures, he based his lists on meanings he presumed would be available in as many cultures as possible. He then used the fraction of agreeing cognates between any two related languages to compute their divergence time by some (still debated) algorithms. Starting in 1950 with 165 meanings, his list grew to 215 in 1952, which was so expansive that many languages lacked native vocabulary for some terms. Subsequently, it was reduced to 207, and reduced much further to 100 meanings in 1955. A reformulated list was published posthumously in 1971.

List

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No. English Meitei / Manipuri
ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ (meiteilon) / ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ (meeteilon) / ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ (maneepooree)
1 I ꯑꯩ (ʼei), ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ (ʼeihaak)
2 you (singular) ꯅꯪ (nang), ꯅꯡ (nang), ꯅꯍꯥꯛ (nahaak)
3 he, she, it ꯃꯍꯥꯛ (mahaak)
4 we ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏ (ʼeikhoʼi)
5 you (plural) ꯅꯈꯣꯏ (nakhoʼi)
6 they ꯃꯈꯣꯏ (makhoʼi)
7 this ꯃꯁꯤ (masee)
8 that ꯃꯗꯨ (madoo)
9 here ꯑꯁꯤꯗ (ʼaseeda)
10 there ꯑꯗꯨꯗ (ʼadooda)
11 who ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ (kanaano), ꯀꯅꯥ (kanaa)
12 what ꯀꯔꯤ (karee), ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ (kareeno)
13 where ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗ (kadaaʼida), ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯋꯥꯏꯗ (kadaaʼiwaaʼida), ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯅꯣ (kadaaʼidano), ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯋꯥꯏꯗꯅꯣ (kadaaʼiwaaʼidano)
14 when ꯀꯔꯝꯋꯥꯏꯗ (karamwaaʼida)
15 how ꯀꯔꯝꯅ (karamna)
16 not ꯅꯠꯇꯕ (nattaba)
17 all ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ (poomnamak), ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ (loʼinamak)
18 many ꯃꯌꯥꯝ (mayaam)
19 some ꯈꯔ (khara)
20 few ꯈꯔꯗꯪ (kharadang)
21 other ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ (ʼatoppa)
22 one ꯑꯃ (ʼama)
23 two ꯑꯅꯤ (ʼanee)
24 three ꯑꯍꯨꯝ (ʼahoom)
25 four ꯃꯔꯤ (maree)
26 five ꯃꯉꯥ (mangaa)
27 big ꯑꯆꯧꯕ (ʼachouba), ꯆꯥꯎꯕ (chaauba), ꯆꯥꯑꯣꯕ (chaaʼoba), ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕ (chaauraba), ꯆꯥꯑꯣꯔꯕ (chaaʼoraba)
28 long ꯑꯁꯥꯡꯕ (ʼasaangba), ꯁꯥꯡꯂꯕ (saanglaba), ꯁꯥꯡꯕ (saangba)
29 wide ꯑꯄꯥꯛꯄ (ʼapaakpa), ꯄꯥꯛꯄ (paakpa), ꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕ (paaklaba)
30 thick ꯑꯊꯥꯕ (ʼathaaba), ꯊꯥꯕ (thaaba), ꯊꯥꯔꯕ (thaaraba)
31 heavy ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕ (ʼaroomba), ꯂꯨꯝꯕ (loomba), ꯂꯨꯝꯂꯕ (loomlaba)
32 small ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ (ʼapeekpa), ꯄꯤꯛꯄ (peekpa), ꯄꯤꯛꯂꯕ (peeklaba)
33 short ꯑꯇꯦꯟꯕ (ʼatenba), ꯇꯦꯟꯕ (tenba), ꯇꯦꯟꯂꯕ (tenlaba), ꯇꯦꯜꯂꯕ (tellaba)
34 narrow ꯑꯈꯨꯕ (ʼakhooba), ꯈꯨꯕ (khooba), ꯈꯨꯔꯕ (khooraba)
35 thin ꯑꯄꯥꯕ (ʼapaaba), ꯄꯥꯕ (paaba), ꯄꯥꯔꯕ (paaraba)
36 woman ꯅꯨꯄꯤ (noopee), ꯅꯤꯄꯤ (neepee), ꯅꯨꯖꯥ (noojaa), ꯅꯨꯔꯥ (nooraa)
37 man (adult male) ꯅꯨꯄꯥ (noopaa), ꯅꯤꯄꯥ (neepaa), ꯂꯥꯕ (laaba)
38 man (human being) ꯅꯨꯄꯥ (noopaa), ꯅꯤꯄꯥ (neepaa)
39 child ꯑꯉꯥꯡ (ʼangaang), ꯅꯧꯋꯥ (nouwaa), ꯅꯥꯋꯥ (naawaa)
40 wife ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕꯤ (loʼinabee), ꯅꯨꯄꯤ (noopee), ꯃꯇꯨ (matoo)
41 husband ꯃꯄꯨꯔꯣꯏꯕ (mapooroʼiba), ꯅꯨꯄꯥ (noopaa), ꯃꯋꯥ (mawaa)
42 mother ꯃꯃꯥ (mamaa), ꯏꯃꯥ (ʼimaa), ꯄꯂꯦꯝ (palem), ꯑꯄꯣꯛꯄꯤ (ʼapokpee)
43 father ꯃꯄꯥ (mapaa), ꯏꯄꯥ (ʼipaa), ꯄꯟꯊꯧ (panthou), ꯑꯄꯣꯛꯄ (ʼapokpa)
44 animal ꯁꯥ (saa)
45 fish ꯉꯥ (ngaa), ꯂꯦꯝꯂꯩ (lemlei)
46 bird ꯎꯆꯦꯛ (uchek), ꯆꯦꯛꯂꯥ (cheklaa), ꯄꯣꯟꯕꯤ (ponbee), ꯄꯣꯟꯄꯤ (ponpee)
47 dog ꯍꯨꯏ (hooʼi), ꯇꯥꯎꯕ (taauba), ꯇꯥꯑꯣꯕ (taaʼoba)
48 louse ꯍꯤꯛꯄꯤ (heekpee), ꯍꯤꯛ (heek), ꯍꯤꯛꯀꯨ (heekkoo), ꯍꯤꯀꯨ (heekoo)
49 snake ꯂꯤꯟ (leen), ꯂꯤꯜ (leel), ꯇꯥꯡꯖ (taangja), ꯇꯥꯡꯖꯥ (taangjaa)
50 worm ꯇꯤꯟ (teen), ꯇꯤꯜ (teel)
51 tree (u), ꯄꯥꯃꯦꯜ (paamel), ꯄꯥꯃꯦꯟ (paamen), ꯇꯂꯥ (talaa)
52 forest ꯎꯃꯪ (umang), ꯎꯃꯡ (umang), ꯎꯀꯣꯜ (ukol), ꯎꯀꯣꯟ (ukon)
53 stick ꯆꯩ (chei), ꯂꯤꯆꯩ (leechei), ꯆꯩꯇꯦꯛ (cheitek), ꯆꯩꯁꯥꯡ (cheisaang)
54 fruit ꯍꯩ (hei), ꯎꯍꯩ (uhei), ꯃꯍꯩ (mahei), ꯇꯥꯎꯖꯤꯡ (taaujeeng), ꯇꯥꯑꯣꯖꯤꯡ (taaʼojeeng)
55 seed ꯃꯔꯨ (maroo)
56 leaf ꯃꯅꯥ (manaa), ꯎꯅꯥ (unaa)
57 root ꯃꯔꯥ (maraa)
58 bark (of a tree) ꯎꯀꯨ (ukoo)
59 flower ꯂꯩꯔꯥꯡ (leiraang), ꯂꯩ (lei), ꯁꯤꯉꯦꯜ (seengel), ꯁꯤꯉꯦꯟ (seengen), ꯁꯤꯡꯉꯦꯜ (seengngel), ꯁꯤꯡꯉꯦꯟ (seengngen)
60 grass ꯅꯥꯄꯤ (naapee)
61 rope ꯊꯧꯔꯤ (thouree)
62 skin ꯎꯟꯁꯥ (unsaa)
63 meat ꯁꯥꯇꯣꯡ (saatong), ꯁꯥꯗꯣꯡ (saadong), ꯇꯣꯡꯁꯥ (tongsaa), ꯁꯥ (saa)
64 blood (ʼi), ꯏꯈꯦꯡ (ʼikheng)
65 bone ꯁꯔꯨ (saroo), ꯁꯥꯔꯨ (saaroo), ꯃꯔꯨ (maroo)
66 fat (noun) ꯑꯊꯥꯕ (ʼathaaba), ꯃꯊꯥ (mathaa)
67 egg ꯃꯔꯨꯝ (maroom), ꯂꯨꯝ (loom)
68 horn ꯃꯆꯤ (machee), ꯆꯤ (chee), ꯆꯤꯂꯣꯡ (cheelong), ꯆꯤꯔꯣꯡ (cheerong)
69 tail ꯃꯃꯩ (mamei), ꯃꯩ (mei)
70 feather ꯃꯇꯨ (matoo), ꯇꯨ (too)
71 hair ꯁꯝ (sam), ꯁꯝꯂꯥꯡ (samlaang)
72 head ꯀꯣꯛ (kok), ꯃꯀꯣꯛ (makok), ꯂꯨ (loo)
73 ear ꯅꯥ (naa), ꯃꯅꯥ (manaa), ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ (naakong), ꯃꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ (manaakong)
74 eye ꯃꯤꯠ (meet), ꯃꯃꯤꯠ (mameet)
75 nose ꯅꯥꯇꯣꯟ (naaton), ꯅꯥꯇꯣꯤꯜ (naatoeel)
76 mouth ꯈꯅꯥꯎ (khanaau), ꯈꯅꯥꯑꯣ (khanaaʼo)
77 tooth ꯌꯥ (yaa), ꯃꯌꯥ (mayaa)
78 tongue (organ) ꯂꯩ (lei), ꯂꯩꯌꯦꯡ (leiyeng), ꯃꯔꯩ (marei)
79 fingernail ꯈꯨꯖꯤꯟ (khoojeen), ꯈꯨꯖꯤꯜ (khoojeel)
80 foot ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ (khongpaak)
81 leg ꯈꯣꯡ (khong)
82 knee ꯈꯨ (khoo), ꯃꯈꯨ (makhoo)
83 hand ꯈꯨꯠ (khoot), ꯃꯈꯨꯠ (makhoot), ꯈꯨꯗꯥꯡ (khoodaang)
84 wing ꯃꯁꯥ (masaa)
85 belly ꯄꯨꯛ (pook), ꯃꯕꯨꯛ (mabook)
86 guts ꯃꯔꯤꯟ (mareen), ꯃꯔꯤꯜ (mareel)
87 neck ꯈꯧꯔꯤ (khouree), ꯉꯛ (ngak), ꯉꯛꯁꯝ (ngaksam)
88 back ꯅꯤꯡ (neeng), ꯃꯅꯤꯡ (maneeng), ꯅꯪꯀꯟ (nangkan), ꯅꯪꯀꯜ (nangkal), ꯅꯪꯒꯟ (nanggan), ꯅꯪꯒꯜ (nanggal)
89 breast ꯊꯕꯥꯛ (thabaak), ꯃꯊꯕꯥꯛ (mathabaak), ꯊꯧꯄꯥꯛ (thoupaak), ꯃꯊꯥ (mathaa)
90 heart ꯊꯃꯣꯏ (thamoʼi)
91 liver ꯃꯀꯟ (makan), ꯃꯀꯜ (makal)
92 to drink ꯊꯛꯄ (thakpa)
93 to eat ꯆꯥꯕ (chaaba)
94 to bite ꯆꯤꯛꯄ (cheekpa)
95 to suck ꯆꯤꯡꯕ (cheengba)
96 to spit ꯇꯤꯟ ꯁꯤꯠꯄ (teen seetpa)
97 to vomit ꯑꯣꯕ (ʼoba)
98 to blow ꯀꯥꯝꯕ (kaamba)
99 to breathe ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯥ ꯍꯣꯟꯕ (noongseet noongsaa honba)
100 to laugh ꯅꯣꯛꯄ (nokpa), ꯈꯤꯒꯠꯄ (kheegatpa)
101 to see ꯎꯕ (uba), ꯌꯦꯡꯕ (yengba)
102 to hear ꯇꯥꯕ (taaba)
103 to know ꯈꯪꯕ (khangba)
104 to think ꯈꯟꯕ (khanba)
105 to smell ꯃꯅꯝ ꯅꯝꯕ (manam namba)
106 to fear ꯀꯤꯕ (keeba)
107 to sleep ꯇꯨꯝꯕ (toomba)
108 to live ꯍꯤꯡꯕ (heengba)
109 to die ꯁꯤꯕ (seeba)
110 to kill ꯍꯥꯠꯄ (haatpa)
111 to fight ꯐꯨꯅꯕ (phoonaba)
112 to hunt ꯁꯥꯇꯥꯟꯕ (saataanba), ꯁꯥꯗꯥꯟꯕ (saadaanba)
113 to hit ꯌꯩꯕ (yeiba), ꯊꯣꯝꯕ (thomba), ꯊꯥꯕ (thaaba)
114 to cut ꯀꯛꯄ (kakpa)
115 to split ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯄ (ʼanee thokpa)
116 to stab ꯊꯤꯟꯕ (theenba)
117 to scratch ꯈꯣꯠꯄ (khotpa), ꯈꯦꯠꯄ (khetpa)
118 to dig ꯇꯧꯕ (touba)
119 to swim ꯏꯔꯣꯏꯕ (ʼiroʼiba), ꯂꯣꯏꯕ (loʼiba)
120 to fly ꯄꯥꯏꯕ (paaʼiba)
121 to walk ꯆꯠꯄ (chatpa), ꯂꯦꯡꯕ (lengba)
122 to come ꯂꯥꯛꯄ (laakpa)
123 to lie (as in a bed) ꯍꯤꯞꯄ (heeppa)
124 to sit ꯐꯝꯕ (phamba)
125 to stand ꯂꯦꯞꯄ (leppa)
126 to turn (intransitive) ꯂꯩꯕ (leiba)
127 to fall ꯇꯥꯕ (taaba)
128 to give ꯄꯤꯕ (peeba)
129 to hold ꯄꯥꯏꯕ (paaʼiba)
130 to squeeze ꯁꯨꯝꯕ (soomba)
131 to rub ꯇꯛꯄ (takpa)
132 to wash ꯆꯥꯝꯕ (chaamba) (for everything), ꯁꯨꯕ (sooba) (for clothes), ꯐꯦꯡꯕ (phengba) (for metals, like utensils and weapons)
133 to wipe ꯅꯥꯟꯕ (naanba)
134 to pull ꯆꯤꯡꯕ (cheengba)
135 to push ꯏꯟꯕ (ʼinba)
136 to throw ꯂꯪꯕ (langba)
137 to tie ꯄꯨꯟꯕ (poonba), ꯀꯤꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯕ (keesee keeba)
138 to sew ꯇꯥꯏꯕ (taaʼiba), ꯐꯣꯠꯄ (photpa)
139 to count ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕ (maseeng theeba)
140 to say ꯍꯥꯏꯕ (haaʼiba), ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯝꯕ (paautamba), ꯄꯥꯑꯣꯇꯝꯕ (paaʼotamba), ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯝꯕ (paaudamba), ꯄꯥꯑꯣꯗꯝꯕ (paaʼodamba), ꯇꯝꯕ (tamba)
141 to sing ꯏꯁꯩ ꯁꯛꯄ (ʼisei sakpa)
142 to play ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ (saannaba), ꯁꯥꯅꯕ (saanaba)
143 to float ꯇꯥꯎꯕ (taauba), ꯇꯥꯑꯣꯕ (taaʼoba)
144 to flow ꯆꯦꯟꯕ (chenba)
145 to freeze ꯐꯝꯕ (phamba)
146 to swell ꯇꯪꯕ (tangba), ꯆꯥꯎꯕ (chaauba), ꯆꯥꯑꯣꯕ (chaaʼoba)
147 sun ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ (noomeet), ꯀꯣꯔꯧ (korou)
148 moon ꯊꯥ (thaa)
149 star ꯊꯧꯋꯥꯟꯃꯤꯆꯥꯛ (thouwaanmeechaak), ꯊꯋꯥꯟꯃꯤꯆꯥꯛ (thawaanmeechaak), ꯊꯧꯋꯥꯏꯃꯤꯆꯥꯛ (thouwaaʼimeechaak), ꯊꯋꯥꯏꯃꯤꯆꯥꯛ (thawaaʼimeechaak)
150 water ꯏꯁꯤꯡ (ʼiseeng), ꯂꯥꯏꯖ (laaʼija), ꯂꯥꯏꯖꯥ (laaʼijaa), ꯇꯔꯪ (tarang), ꯇꯔꯡ (tarang), ꯂꯣꯛꯂꯧ (loklou)
151 rain ꯅꯣꯡꯖꯨ (nongjoo), ꯅꯣꯡ (nong), ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨ (nongchoo)
152 river ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ (toorel), ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯟ (tooren)
153 lake ꯄꯥꯠ (paat)
154 sea ꯏꯔꯦꯟꯄꯨꯡ (ʼirenpoong), ꯏꯂꯦꯟꯄꯨꯡ (ʼilenpoong), ꯏꯄꯥꯛ (ʼipaak)
155 salt ꯊꯨꯝ (thoom), ꯅꯣꯏꯅꯨ (noʼinoo)
156 stone ꯅꯨꯡ (noong), ꯊꯧꯇꯨ (thoutoo), ꯊꯧꯗꯨ (thoudoo)
157 sand ꯂꯩꯉꯣꯏ (leingoʼi)
158 dust ꯎꯐꯨꯜ (uphool), ꯎꯐꯨꯟ (uphoon)
159 earth ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ (maalem), ꯂꯩ (lei)
160 cloud ꯂꯩꯆꯤꯜ (leicheel), ꯂꯩꯆꯤꯟ (leicheen)
161 fog ꯂꯩꯆꯤꯜ ꯊꯥꯕ (leicheel thaaba), ꯂꯩꯆꯤꯟ ꯊꯥꯕ (leicheen thaaba)
162 sky ꯅꯣꯡꯊꯛ (nongthak), ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯣꯟ (nongmadon), ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯣꯜ (nongmadol), ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯇꯣꯟ (nongmaton), ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯇꯣꯜ (nongmatol), ꯅꯣꯡꯗꯣꯟ (nongdon), ꯅꯣꯡꯗꯣꯜ (nongdol), ꯅꯣꯡꯇꯣꯟ (nongton), ꯅꯣꯡꯇꯣꯜ (nongtol), ꯑꯇꯤꯌꯥ (ʼateeyaa), ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯏ (nongmaaʼi), ꯀꯣꯔꯧ (korou)
163 wind ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ (noongseet), ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯤꯠ (nongseet), ꯈꯪꯒꯣꯟ (khanggon), ꯈꯝꯒꯣꯟ (khamgon), ꯃꯥꯂꯪ (maalang), ꯃꯥꯂꯪꯕ (maalangba)
164 snow ꯎꯟ (un)
165 ice ꯎꯟ (un)
166 smoke ꯃꯩꯈꯨ (meikhoo)
167 fire ꯃꯩ (mei), ꯆꯛꯃꯣꯝ (chakmom), ꯈꯝꯕꯤ (khambee), ꯃꯩꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯡ (meit͟reng), ꯑꯔꯥꯕ (ʼaraaba)
168 ash ꯎꯠ (ut)
169 to burn ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯕ (mei thaaba), ꯃꯩ ꯆꯥꯛꯄ (mei chaakpa)
170 road ꯂꯝꯕꯤ (lambee), ꯂꯝꯕꯦꯜ (lambel), ꯂꯝꯕꯦꯟ (lamben)
171 mountain ꯆꯤꯡ (cheeng), ꯆꯤꯡꯆꯥꯎ (cheengchaau), ꯆꯤꯡꯆꯥꯑꯣ (cheengchaaʼo), ꯆꯤꯡꯖꯥꯎ (cheengjaau), ꯆꯤꯡꯖꯥꯑꯣ (cheengjaaʼo)
172 red ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ (ʼangaangba), ꯉꯥꯡꯂꯩꯅꯕ (ngaangleinaba)
173 green ꯑꯁꯪꯕ (ʼasangba), ꯁꯪꯕꯥꯟꯅꯕ (sangbaannaba)
174 yellow ꯅꯥꯄꯨ (naapoo), ꯍꯪꯒꯥꯝꯄꯥꯟ (hanggaampaan), ꯍꯪꯒꯥꯝꯄꯥꯜ (hanggaampaal), ꯍꯪꯒꯥꯝꯃꯄꯥꯟ (hanggaammapaan), ꯍꯪꯒꯥꯝꯃꯄꯥꯜ (hanggaammapaal)
175 white ꯑꯉꯧꯕ (ʼangouba)
176 black ꯑꯃꯨꯕ (ʼamooba)
177 night ꯑꯍꯤꯡ (ʼaheeng), ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡ (noomeedaang), ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥꯡ (noomeettaang), ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯇꯥꯡ (noomeetaang)
178 day ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ (noomeet), ꯅꯣꯡꯉꯥꯟꯕ (nongngaanba), ꯅꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ (nongaanba)
179 year ꯆꯍꯤ (chahee), ꯆꯩꯍꯤ (cheihee)
180 warm ꯑꯁꯥꯕ (ʼasaaba), ꯁꯥꯕ (saaba)
181 cold ꯑꯌꯤꯡꯕ (ʼayeengba), ꯑꯏꯪꯕ (ʼaʼingba), ꯑꯏꯡꯕ (ʼaʼingba), ꯏꯪꯕ (ʼingba), ꯏꯡꯕ (ʼingba)
182 full ꯃꯄꯨꯝ (mapoom), ꯄꯨꯜꯂꯞ (poollap)
183 new ꯑꯅꯧꯕ (ʼanouba), ꯅꯧꯔꯤꯕ (noureeba)
184 old ꯑꯔꯤꯕ (ʼareeba), ꯂꯤꯔꯕ (leeraba)
185 good ꯑꯐꯕ (ʼaphaba), ꯐꯕ (phaba)
186 bad ꯐꯠꯇꯕ (phattaba), ꯑꯐꯠꯇꯕ (ʼaphattaba)
187 rotten ꯑꯄꯨꯝꯕ (ʼapoomba), ꯄꯨꯝꯕ (poomba), ꯄꯨꯝꯂꯕ (poomlaba)
188 dirty ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄ (ʼamotpa), ꯃꯣꯠꯄ (motpa), ꯃꯣꯠꯂꯕ (motlaba)
189 straight ꯑꯇꯤꯡꯕ (ʼateengba), ꯇꯤꯡꯕ (teengba), ꯇꯤꯡꯂꯕ (teenglaba)
190 round ꯑꯀꯣꯏꯕ (ʼakoʼiba), ꯀꯣꯏꯕ (koʼiba)
191 sharp (as a knife) ꯑꯊꯧꯕ (ʼathouba), ꯊꯧꯕ (thouba), ꯊꯧꯔꯕ (thouraba)
192 dull (as a knife) ꯑꯄꯪꯕ (ʼapangba), ꯄꯪꯕ (pangba), ꯄꯪꯂꯕ (panglaba)
193 smooth ꯑꯅꯥꯟꯕ (ʼanaanba), ꯅꯥꯟꯕ (naanba), ꯅꯥꯟꯂꯕ (naanlaba), ꯅꯥꯜꯂꯕ (naallaba)
194 wet ꯑꯆꯣꯠꯄ (ʼachotpa), ꯆꯣꯠꯄ (chotpa), ꯆꯣꯠꯂꯕ (chotlaba)
195 dry ꯑꯀꯪꯕ (ʼakangba), ꯀꯪꯕ (kangba), ꯀꯪꯂꯕ (kanglaba)
196 correct ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕ (ʼachoomba), ꯆꯨꯝꯕ (choomba)
197 near ꯑꯅꯛꯄ (ʼanakpa), ꯅꯛꯄ (nakpa), ꯅꯛꯂꯕ (naklaba)
198 far ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄ (ʼaraappa), ꯂꯥꯞꯄ (laappa), ꯂꯥꯞꯂꯕ (laaplaba)
199 right ꯌꯦꯠ (yet)
200 left ꯑꯣꯏ (ʼoʼi)
201 at ꯑꯗꯨꯗ (ʼadooda)
202 in ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ (manoongda)
203 with ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ (loʼinana)
204 and ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ (ʼamasoong), ꯑꯃꯗꯤ (ʼamadee), ꯑꯗꯨꯒ (ʼadooga)
205 if ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ (kareegoomba)
206 because ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ (maramdee)
207 name ꯃꯤꯡ (meeng), ꯃꯃꯤꯡ (mameeng), ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟ (meenglen), ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯜ (meenglel), ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯏ (koloʼi)
Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
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