kutuk

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay kutuk. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈkutuʔ/ [ˈku.t̪ʊʔ]
• Rhymes: -utuʔ
• Syllabification: ku‧tuk

Verb

kutuk

1. (transitive) to curse

   Synonyms: kutuki, laknat, laknati

   1. to place a curse upon
   2. to call upon divine or supernatural power to send injury upon
   3. to bring great evil upon
2. (transitive) to denounce; to condemn (to criticize or speak out against; to point out as deserving of reprehension, etc.; to openly accuse in a threatening manner)

   Synonym: kutuki

Conjugation

Conjugation of kutuk (meng-, transitive)

root	kutuk
	active	passive		imperative colloquial	emphatic jussive
		reflective1	ordinary
	ordinary
active	mengutuk	terkutuk	dikutuk	kutuk	kutuklah
locative	–	–	–	–	–
perfective causative / applicative2	mengutukkan	terkutukkan	dikutukkan	kutukkan	kutukkanlah
	causative
active	–	–	–	–	–
locative	–	–	–	–	–
perfective causative / applicative2	memperkutukkan	terperkutukkan	diperkutukkan	perkutukkan	perkutukkanlah

¹ There is other form of reflective passive verb with affixation of ke- -an which not included in the table. This form is only attested in active voice without causative affixation of per-.
² The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Noun

kutuk (uncommon)

1. synonym of kutukan (“curse”)

Derived terms

• keterkutukan
• kutukan
• kutuki
• terkutuk

Further reading

• “kutuk” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /kutoʔ/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /kutʊʔ/
• Rhymes: -utoʔ, -toʔ, -oʔ
• Rhymes: -uk

Noun

kutuk (Jawi spelling کوتوق, plural kutuk-kutuk)

1. curse

Synonyms

• laknat
• sial

Derived terms

• kutukan
• terkutuk

Descendants

• Indonesian: kutuk

Further reading

• “kutuk” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Old Tupi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kuˈtuk/
• Rhymes: -uk
• Hyphenation: ku‧tuk

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kutuk, from Proto-Tupian *kutuk.

Verb

kutuk (first-person singular active indicative aîkutuk, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîkutuki, noun kutuka) (transitive)

1. to pierce; to puncture
   • 1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter XI, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], Livro Terceiro do Cathecismo, e summa da Doctrina Christam [… ] (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 64:

     Itámina pupê y îquê cutuc-i.

     [Itamina pupé iî yké kutuki.]

     With a lance he pierced his side.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of kutuk (transitive, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Causative	kutukukar
Causative-comitative	erokutuk
Reflexive	îekutuk
Deverbals
-ba'e	oîkutukyba'e
emi-	emingutuka / mingutuka
-pyr(a)	i kutukypyra
-sab(a)	kutukaba
-sar(a)	kutukara
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person exclusive	1st person inclusive	2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative	aîkutuk	ereîkutuk	oîkutuk	oroîkutuk	îaîkutuk	peîkutuk
Permissive	t'aîkutuk	t'ereîkutuk	t'oîkutuk	t'oroîkutuk	t'îaîkutuk	ta peîkutuk
Imperative		eîkutuk				peîkutuk
Negative indicative	n'aîkutuki	n'ereîkutuki	n'oîkutuki	n'oroîkutuki	n'îaîkutuki	na peîkutuki
Negative permissive	t'aîkutuk umẽ	t'ereîkutuk umẽ	t'oîkutuk umẽ	t'oroîkutuk umẽ	t'îaîkutuk umẽ	ta peîkutuk umẽ
Negative imperative		eîkutuk umẽ				peîkutuk umẽ
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	kutuka
Negative	kutuke'yma
Gerund
Affirmative	xe kutuka	nde kutuka	i kutuka	oré kutuka	îandé kutuka	pe kutuka
Negative	xe kutuke'yma	nde kutuke'yma	i kutuke'yma	oré kutuke'yma	îandé kutuke'yma	pe kutuke'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	xe kutuki		i kutuki	oré kutuki	îandé kutuki
Negative	xe kutuke'ymi		i kutuke'ymi	oré kutuke'ymi	îandé kutuke'ymi

Descendants

• ⇒ Brazilian Portuguese: cutucar

Etymology 2

Verb

kutuk (first-person singular active indicative aîkutuk, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîkutuki, noun kutuka) (transitive)

1. Alternative form of kytyk

References

• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “kutuk”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 246, column 2

Zazaki

Noun

kutuk

1. dog