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kaste

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: caste, Kaste, Kasten, and kastē

Afrikaans

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Noun

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kaste

  1. plural of kas

Danish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Via German Kaste from Portuguese casta (“bloodline, race, caste”), probably from the feminine of the adjective casto (“chaste”), from Latin castus.

Noun

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kaste c (singular definite kasten, plural indefinite kaster)

  1. caste
Declension
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Declension of kaste
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kaste kasten kaster kasterne
genitive kastes kastens kasters kasternes

Etymology 2

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From Old Danish kastæ, from Old Norse kasta, from Proto-Germanic *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), cognate with Norwegian kaste and Swedish kasta. English cast is borrowed from Old Norse.

Verb

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kaste (imperative kast, infinitive at kaste, present tense kaster, past tense kastede, perfect tense har kastet)

  1. to throw, to chuck
    Kaste en bold. ― Throw a ball.
  2. to drop
    Kaste en bombe (fra et fly). ― Drop a bomb (from an airplane).
  3. to cast
    Koen kastede sin kalv. ― The cow cast its calf.
Conjugation
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Inflection of kaste
present past
simple kaster kastede
perfect har kastet havde kastet
passive kastes kastedes
participle kastende kastet
imperative kast —
infinitive kaste —
auxiliary verb have —
gerund kasten —
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Dutch

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Etymology

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From Portuguese casta (“lineage, race”), from the feminine of casto (“pure, chaste”), from Latin castus (“pure, clean”). Cognate with Danish, Norwegian (see below), German Kaste, English caste, French caste etc.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑstə/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: kas‧te
  • Rhymes: -ɑstə

Noun

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kaste f (plural kasten, diminutive kastetje n)

  1. a caste, hereditary Indian socio-religious class (except the 'unclean' lowest) (depreciated in specialist usage)
  2. a similarly closed social class, especially if rather impenetrable -notably (de facto) hereditary-, as in Ancient Egypt or various tribal and feudal societies
  3. any closed, social and/or hierarchic group, such as a priesthood or a military corps
  4. (obsolete) national/ethnic group or character

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Estonian

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Finnic *kastëk.

Noun

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kaste (genitive kaste, partitive kastet)

  1. dew
Declension
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Declension of kaste (ÕS type 6/mõte, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative kaste kasted
accusative nom.
gen. kaste
genitive kastete
partitive kastet kasteid
illative kastesse kastetesse
kasteisse
inessive kastes kastetes
kasteis
elative kastest kastetest
kasteist
allative kastele kastetele
kasteile
adessive kastel kastetel
kasteil
ablative kastelt kastetelt
kasteilt
translative kasteks kasteteks
kasteiks
terminative kasteni kasteteni
essive kastena kastetena
abessive kasteta kasteteta
comitative kastega kastetega
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From kastma +‎ -e.

Noun

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kaste (genitive kastme, partitive kastet)

  1. sauce
Declension
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Declension of kaste (ÕS type 5/liige, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative kaste kastmed
accusative nom.
gen. kastme
genitive kastmete
partitive kastet kastmeid
illative kastmesse kastmetesse
kastmeisse
inessive kastmes kastmetes
kastmeis
elative kastmest kastmetest
kastmeist
allative kastmele kastmetele
kastmeile
adessive kastmel kastmetel
kastmeil
ablative kastmelt kastmetelt
kastmeilt
translative kastmeks kastmeteks
kastmeiks
terminative kastmeni kastmeteni
essive kastmena kastmetena
abessive kastmeta kastmeteta
comitative kastmega kastmetega

Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *kastëk. Equivalent to kastaa (“to wet, soak”) +‎ -e.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑsteˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝s̠te̞(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ɑste
  • Hyphenation(key): kas‧te

Noun

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kaste

  1. dew
  2. baptism, christening

Declension

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Inflection of kaste (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative kaste kasteet
genitive kasteen kasteiden
kasteitten
partitive kastetta kasteita
illative kasteeseen kasteisiin
kasteihin
singular plural
nominative kaste kasteet
accusative nom. kaste kasteet
gen. kasteen
genitive kasteen kasteiden
kasteitten
partitive kastetta kasteita
inessive kasteessa kasteissa
elative kasteesta kasteista
illative kasteeseen kasteisiin
kasteihin
adessive kasteella kasteilla
ablative kasteelta kasteilta
allative kasteelle kasteille
essive kasteena kasteina
translative kasteeksi kasteiksi
abessive kasteetta kasteitta
instructive — kastein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of kaste (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kasteeni kasteeni
accusative nom. kasteeni kasteeni
gen. kasteeni
genitive kasteeni kasteideni
kasteitteni
partitive kastettani kasteitani
inessive kasteessani kasteissani
elative kasteestani kasteistani
illative kasteeseeni kasteisiini
kasteihini
adessive kasteellani kasteillani
ablative kasteeltani kasteiltani
allative kasteelleni kasteilleni
essive kasteenani kasteinani
translative kasteekseni kasteikseni
abessive kasteettani kasteittani
instructive — —
comitative — kasteineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kasteesi kasteesi
accusative nom. kasteesi kasteesi
gen. kasteesi
genitive kasteesi kasteidesi
kasteittesi
partitive kastettasi kasteitasi
inessive kasteessasi kasteissasi
elative kasteestasi kasteistasi
illative kasteeseesi kasteisiisi
kasteihisi
adessive kasteellasi kasteillasi
ablative kasteeltasi kasteiltasi
allative kasteellesi kasteillesi
essive kasteenasi kasteinasi
translative kasteeksesi kasteiksesi
abessive kasteettasi kasteittasi
instructive — —
comitative — kasteinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kasteemme kasteemme
accusative nom. kasteemme kasteemme
gen. kasteemme
genitive kasteemme kasteidemme
kasteittemme
partitive kastettamme kasteitamme
inessive kasteessamme kasteissamme
elative kasteestamme kasteistamme
illative kasteeseemme kasteisiimme
kasteihimme
adessive kasteellamme kasteillamme
ablative kasteeltamme kasteiltamme
allative kasteellemme kasteillemme
essive kasteenamme kasteinamme
translative kasteeksemme kasteiksemme
abessive kasteettamme kasteittamme
instructive — —
comitative — kasteinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kasteenne kasteenne
accusative nom. kasteenne kasteenne
gen. kasteenne
genitive kasteenne kasteidenne
kasteittenne
partitive kastettanne kasteitanne
inessive kasteessanne kasteissanne
elative kasteestanne kasteistanne
illative kasteeseenne kasteisiinne
kasteihinne
adessive kasteellanne kasteillanne
ablative kasteeltanne kasteiltanne
allative kasteellenne kasteillenne
essive kasteenanne kasteinanne
translative kasteeksenne kasteiksenne
abessive kasteettanne kasteittanne
instructive — —
comitative — kasteinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative kasteensa kasteensa
accusative nom. kasteensa kasteensa
gen. kasteensa
genitive kasteensa kasteidensa
kasteittensa
partitive kastettaan
kastettansa 		kasteitaan
kasteitansa
inessive kasteessaan
kasteessansa 		kasteissaan
kasteissansa
elative kasteestaan
kasteestansa 		kasteistaan
kasteistansa
illative kasteeseensa kasteisiinsa
kasteihinsa
adessive kasteellaan
kasteellansa 		kasteillaan
kasteillansa
ablative kasteeltaan
kasteeltansa 		kasteiltaan
kasteiltansa
allative kasteelleen
kasteellensa 		kasteilleen
kasteillensa
essive kasteenaan
kasteenansa 		kasteinaan
kasteinansa
translative kasteekseen
kasteeksensa 		kasteikseen
kasteiksensa
abessive kasteettaan
kasteettansa 		kasteittaan
kasteittansa
instructive — —
comitative — kasteineen
kasteinensa

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Karelian

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Noun

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kaste

  1. dew

Latvian

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Etymology

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Related to Medieval Latin castō, from Proto-West Germanic *kastō (“box, case”).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

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kaste f (5th declension)

  1. box

Declension

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Declension of kaste (5th declension)
singular (vienskaitlis) plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs) kaste kastes
accusative (akuzatīvs) kasti kastes
genitive (ģenitīvs) kastes kastu
dative (datīvs) kastei kastēm
instrumental (instrumentālis) kasti kastēm
locative (lokatīvs) kastē kastēs
vocative (vokatīvs) kaste kastes

Livvi

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *kastëk. Cognates include Finnish kaste and Estonian kaste.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kaste (genitive kastien, partitive kastettu)

  1. dew

Declension

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Declension of kaste (Type 23/päre, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kaste kastiet
genitive kastien kastieloin
partitive kastettu kastieloi
illative kastieh kastieloih
inessive kasties kastielois
elative kastiespäi kastieloispäi
allative kastiele kastieloile
adessive kastiel kastieloil
ablative kastielpäi kastieloilpäi
translative kastiekse kastieloikse
essive kastiennu kastieloinnu
abessive kastiettah kastieloittah
comitative kastienke kastieloinke
instructive kastieloin
prolative kastieči

References

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  • Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 96

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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From Portuguese casta (“lineage, race”), from the feminine of casto (“pure, chaste”), from Latin castus (“pure, clean”) (cognate with Dutch kastijden (“to chastise”), English chasten, French chaste etc.), cognate with Danish, Dutch (see above) etc.

Noun

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kaste m (definite singular kasten, indefinite plural kaster, definite plural kastene)

  1. caste

Etymology 2

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From Old Norse kasta (compare with Danish kaste, Faroese, Icelandic, Swedish kasta and English cast).

Verb

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kaste (imperative kast, present tense kaster, passive kastes, simple past and past participle kasta or kastet, present participle kastende)

  1. (transitive) to throw
  2. (transitive) to dart
  3. to cast
    kaste skygge ― cast a shadow
Derived terms
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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Noun

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kaste m (definite singular kasten, indefinite plural kastar, definite plural kastane)

  1. caste

Verb

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kaste (present tense kastar, past tense kasta, past participle kasta, passive infinitive kastast, present participle kastande, imperative kaste/kast)

  1. Alternative form of kasta

Derived terms

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Veps

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *kastëk.

Noun

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kaste

  1. dew

Inflection

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Inflection of kaste (inflection type 36/kaste)
nominative sing. kaste
genitive sing. kastken
partitive sing. kastet
partitive plur. kastkid
singular plural
nominative kaste kastked
accusative kastken kastked
genitive kastken kastkiden
partitive kastet kastkid
essive-instructive kastken kastkin
translative kastkeks kastkikš
inessive kastkes kastkiš
elative kastkespäi kastkišpäi
illative kastkehe kastkihe
adessive kastkel kastkil
ablative kastkelpäi kastkilpäi
allative kastkele kastkile
abessive kastketa kastkita
comitative kastkenke kastkidenke
prolative kastetme kastkidme
approximative I kastkenno kastkidenno
approximative II kastkennoks kastkidennoks
egressive kastkennopäi kastkidennopäi
terminative I kastkehesai kastkihesai
terminative II kastkelesai kastkilesai
terminative III kastkessai —
additive I kastkehepäi kastkihepäi
additive II kastkelepäi kastkilepäi

References

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  • Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “роса”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎[2], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
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