fuar

English

Noun

fuar (plural fuars)

1. Alternative form of feuar

Anagrams

• Rauf, Urfa, frau

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish úar, from Proto-Celtic *ougros (compare Welsh oer), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ewǵ- (compare Old Armenian ոյծ (oyc)). The initial f- of Modern Irish comes from a misinterpretation of uar as fhuar in lenition environments.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fˠuəɾˠ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /fˠuəɾˠ/, [fˠɪəɾˠ]; /fˠiːɾˠ/

Adjective

fuar (genitive singular masculine fuair, genitive singular feminine fuaire, plural fuara, comparative fuaire)

1. cold

Declension

Declension of fuar

	singular		plural (m/f)
Positive	masculine	feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
nominative	fuar	fhuar	fuara; fhuara2
vocative	fhuair		fuara
genitive		fuaire	fuara	fuar
dative	fuar; fhuar1	fhuar; fhuair (archaic)	fuara; fhuara2
Comparative	níos fuaire
Superlative	is fuaire

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

• adhfhuar (“very cold”, adjective)
• fuaránta
• fuarbhruite
• fuarchúis

Related terms

• fuacht (“coldness”)
• fuarán (“spring”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of fuar

radical	lenition	eclipsis
fuar	fhuar	bhfuar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “fuar”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸu.ər/, [ˈɸu.ar]

Noun

fuär n (genitive unattested)

1. verbal noun of fo·fera: provision, preparation
   • c. 850-875, Turin Glosses and Scholia on St Mark, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 484–94, Tur. 48

     .i. trisin fuarinbudcaid .i. tri Iohain. Fo·ruar inna inbotha .i. do·rigni tochmarc inna ecailse do Chríst.

     i.e. through the bridesman [lit. preparation-of-marriage-(person)], i.e. through John. [John] had prepared the nuptials i.e. he had wooed the Church for Christ.

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 81^c2

     a fuar inna mbiad [⁊]rl

     the preparation of foods etc.

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	fuarN	fuarN	fuarL, *fúra
Vocative	fuarN	fuarN	fuarL, *fúra
Accusative	fuarN	fuarN	fuarL, *fúra
Genitive	fuairL	fuar	fuarN
Dative	fuarL	fuaraib	fuaraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Middle Irish: fúr m
  • Irish: fúr

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish úar, from Proto-Celtic *ougros (compare Welsh oer), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ewǵ- (compare Old Armenian ոյծ (oyc)). The initial f- of Scottish Gaelic comes from a misinterpretation of uar as fhuar in lenition environments.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fuəɾ/

Adjective

fuar (comparative fhuaire)

1. cold, chilly, bleak, frigid, sober, stingy
2. stinging

Derived terms

• cho fuar ris a' phuinnsean
• craobhaidh fuar
• fuar-bhodradh
• fuar-chasach
• fuar-chràbhaiche
• fuar-chrapadh
• fuar-chridheach
• fuar-fhead
• fuar-ghreann
• fuar-làrach
• fuar-leabadh
• fuar-léine
• fuar-lorg
• fuar-mharbh
• fuarachas
• fuaragan
• fuaraich

Related terms

• fuaran

Mutation

Mutation of fuar

radical	lenition
fuar	fhuar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “fuar”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 úar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Turkish

Etymology

From French foire, 1930s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fuɑ̯ɾ/

Noun

fuar (definite accusative fuarı, plural fuarlar)

1. fair, exposition

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “fuar”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN