fliuch

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /fʲlʲɯx/
• (Aran) IPA^(key): /fʲlʲɔx/, /fʲlʲɞx/
• (Cois Fharraige) IPA^(key): /fʲlʲɔx/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /fʲlʲɨ̞x/, /fʲlʲʌx/, /fʲlʲʊx/, /fʲlʲɔx/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish fliuch, from Proto-Celtic *wlikʷos (compare Welsh gwlyb, Cornish glyb), from Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷ- (compare Latin liquō (“melt”), Tocharian A lyīktsi (“to wash”)).

Adjective

fliuch (genitive singular masculine fliuch, genitive singular feminine fliche, plural fliucha, comparative fliche)

1. wet

Declension

Declension of fliuch

	singular		plural (m/f)
Positive	masculine	feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
nominative	fliuch	fhliuch	fliucha; fhliucha2
vocative	fhliuch		fliucha
genitive		fliche	fliucha	fliuch
dative	fliuch; fhliuch1	fhliuch	fliucha; fhliucha2
Comparative	níos fliche
Superlative	is fliche

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

• Alternative vocative/genitive singular masculine and archaic dative singular feminine form: flich

Derived terms

• barrfhliuch (“wet on the surface”, adjective)
• béalfhliuch
• breacfhliuch
• fliuchán
• fliuchlach

 

Verb

fliuch (present analytic fliuchann, future analytic fliuchfaidh, verbal noun fliuchadh, past participle fliuchta)

1. (intransitive) get or become wet
2. (transitive) make wet

Conjugation

conjugation of fliuch (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	fliuchaim	fliuchann tú; fliuchair†	fliuchann sé, sí	fliuchaimid	fliuchann sibh	fliuchann siad; fliuchaid†	a fhliuchann; a fhliuchas / a bhfliuchann*	fliuchtar
	past	d'fhliuch mé; d'fhliuchas / fhliuch mé‡; fhliuchas‡	d'fhliuch tú; d'fhliuchais / fhliuch tú; fhliuchais‡	d'fhliuch sé, sí / fhliuch sé, sí‡	d'fhliuchamar; d'fhliuch muid / fhliuchamar; fhliuch muid‡	d'fhliuch sibh; d'fhliuchabhair / fhliuch sibh; fhliuchabhair‡	d'fhliuch siad; d'fhliuchadar / fhliuch siad; fhliuchadar‡	a d'fhliuch / ar fhliuch*	fliuchadh
	past habitual	d'fhliuchainn / fhliuchainn‡; bhfliuchainn‡‡	d'fhliuchtá / fhliuchtá‡; bhfliuchtᇇ	d'fhliuchadh sé, sí / fhliuchadh sé, sí‡; bhfliuchadh sé, s퇇	d'fhliuchaimis; d'fhliuchadh muid / fhliuchaimis; fhliuchadh muid‡; bhfliuchaimis‡‡; bhfliuchadh muid‡‡	d'fhliuchadh sibh / fhliuchadh sibh‡; bhfliuchadh sibh‡‡	d'fhliuchaidís; d'fhliuchadh siad / fhliuchaidís; fhliuchadh siad‡; bhfliuchaidís‡‡; bhfliuchadh siad‡‡	a d'fhliuchadh / a bhfliuchadh*	d'fhliuchtaí / fhliuchtaí‡; bhfliuchta퇇
future		fliuchfaidh mé; fliuchfad	fliuchfaidh tú; fliuchfair†	fliuchfaidh sé, sí	fliuchfaimid; fliuchfaidh muid	fliuchfaidh sibh	fliuchfaidh siad; fliuchfaid†	a fhliuchfaidh; a fhliuchfas / a bhfliuchfaidh*	fliuchfar
conditional		d'fhliuchfainn / fhliuchfainn‡; bhfliuchfainn‡‡	d'fhliuchfá / fhliuchfá‡; bhfliuchfᇇ	d'fhliuchfadh sé, sí / fhliuchfadh sé, sí‡; bhfliuchfadh sé, s퇇	d'fhliuchfaimis; d'fhliuchfadh muid / fhliuchfaimis‡; fhliuchfadh muid‡; bhfliuchfaimis‡‡; bhfliuchfadh muid‡‡	d'fhliuchfadh sibh / fhliuchfadh sibh‡; bhfliuchfadh sibh‡‡	d'fhliuchfaidís; d'fhliuchfadh siad / fhliuchfaidís‡; fhliuchfadh siad‡; bhfliuchfaidís‡‡; bhfliuchfadh siad‡‡	a d'fhliuchfadh / a bhfliuchfadh*	d'fhliuchfaí / fhliuchfaí‡; bhfliuchfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go bhfliucha mé; go bhfliuchad†	go bhfliucha tú; go bhfliuchair†	go bhfliucha sé, sí	go bhfliuchaimid; go bhfliucha muid	go bhfliucha sibh	go bhfliucha siad; go bhfliuchaid†	—	go bhfliuchtar
	past	dá bhfliuchainn	dá bhfliuchtá	dá bhfliuchadh sé, sí	dá bhfliuchaimis; dá bhfliuchadh muid	dá bhfliuchadh sibh	dá bhfliuchaidís; dá bhfliuchadh siad	—	dá bhfliuchtaí
imperative		fliuchaim	fliuch	fliuchadh sé, sí	fliuchaimis	fliuchaigí; fliuchaidh†	fliuchaidís	—	fliuchtar
verbal noun		fliuchadh
past participle		fliuchta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms

• do phíobán a fhliuchadh (“to wet one’s whistle”)

Etymology 2

See fiuch.

Verb

fliuch (present analytic fliuchann, future analytic fliuchfaidh, verbal noun fliuchadh, past participle fliuchta)

1. (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of fiuch (“boil”)

Conjugation

conjugation of fliuch (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	fliuchaim	fliuchann tú; fliuchair†	fliuchann sé, sí	fliuchaimid	fliuchann sibh	fliuchann siad; fliuchaid†	a fhliuchann; a fhliuchas / a bhfliuchann*	fliuchtar
	past	d'fhliuch mé; d'fhliuchas / fhliuch mé‡; fhliuchas‡	d'fhliuch tú; d'fhliuchais / fhliuch tú; fhliuchais‡	d'fhliuch sé, sí / fhliuch sé, sí‡	d'fhliuchamar; d'fhliuch muid / fhliuchamar; fhliuch muid‡	d'fhliuch sibh; d'fhliuchabhair / fhliuch sibh; fhliuchabhair‡	d'fhliuch siad; d'fhliuchadar / fhliuch siad; fhliuchadar‡	a d'fhliuch / ar fhliuch*	fliuchadh
	past habitual	d'fhliuchainn / fhliuchainn‡; bhfliuchainn‡‡	d'fhliuchtá / fhliuchtá‡; bhfliuchtᇇ	d'fhliuchadh sé, sí / fhliuchadh sé, sí‡; bhfliuchadh sé, s퇇	d'fhliuchaimis; d'fhliuchadh muid / fhliuchaimis; fhliuchadh muid‡; bhfliuchaimis‡‡; bhfliuchadh muid‡‡	d'fhliuchadh sibh / fhliuchadh sibh‡; bhfliuchadh sibh‡‡	d'fhliuchaidís; d'fhliuchadh siad / fhliuchaidís; fhliuchadh siad‡; bhfliuchaidís‡‡; bhfliuchadh siad‡‡	a d'fhliuchadh / a bhfliuchadh*	d'fhliuchtaí / fhliuchtaí‡; bhfliuchta퇇
future		fliuchfaidh mé; fliuchfad	fliuchfaidh tú; fliuchfair†	fliuchfaidh sé, sí	fliuchfaimid; fliuchfaidh muid	fliuchfaidh sibh	fliuchfaidh siad; fliuchfaid†	a fhliuchfaidh; a fhliuchfas / a bhfliuchfaidh*	fliuchfar
conditional		d'fhliuchfainn / fhliuchfainn‡; bhfliuchfainn‡‡	d'fhliuchfá / fhliuchfá‡; bhfliuchfᇇ	d'fhliuchfadh sé, sí / fhliuchfadh sé, sí‡; bhfliuchfadh sé, s퇇	d'fhliuchfaimis; d'fhliuchfadh muid / fhliuchfaimis‡; fhliuchfadh muid‡; bhfliuchfaimis‡‡; bhfliuchfadh muid‡‡	d'fhliuchfadh sibh / fhliuchfadh sibh‡; bhfliuchfadh sibh‡‡	d'fhliuchfaidís; d'fhliuchfadh siad / fhliuchfaidís‡; fhliuchfadh siad‡; bhfliuchfaidís‡‡; bhfliuchfadh siad‡‡	a d'fhliuchfadh / a bhfliuchfadh*	d'fhliuchfaí / fhliuchfaí‡; bhfliuchfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go bhfliucha mé; go bhfliuchad†	go bhfliucha tú; go bhfliuchair†	go bhfliucha sé, sí	go bhfliuchaimid; go bhfliucha muid	go bhfliucha sibh	go bhfliucha siad; go bhfliuchaid†	—	go bhfliuchtar
	past	dá bhfliuchainn	dá bhfliuchtá	dá bhfliuchadh sé, sí	dá bhfliuchaimis; dá bhfliuchadh muid	dá bhfliuchadh sibh	dá bhfliuchaidís; dá bhfliuchadh siad	—	dá bhfliuchtaí
imperative		fliuchaim	fliuch	fliuchadh sé, sí	fliuchaimis	fliuchaigí; fliuchaidh†	fliuchaidís	—	fliuchtar
verbal noun		fliuchadh
past participle		fliuchta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Mutated forms of fliuch

radical	lenition	eclipsis
fliuch	fhliuch	bhfliuch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “fliuch”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “fliuch”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “fliuch”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *wlikʷos (compare Welsh gwlyb, Cornish glyb), from Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷ- (compare Latin liquō (“to melt”), Tocharian A lyīktsi (“to wash”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɸʲlʲiu̯x]

Adjective

fliuch (comparative fliuchu)

1. wet

Inflection

u-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	fliuch	fliuch	fliuch
Vocative	fliuch
Accusative	fliuch	flich
Genitive	flich	fliuchae	flich
Dative	fliuch	flich	fliuch
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	fliuchai	fliuchai
Vocative	fliuchai
Accusative	fliuchai
Genitive	*
Dative	fliuchaib
Notes	*not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish

Derived terms

• fliuchad
• fliuchaid
• fliuchaide

Descendants

• Irish: fliuch
• Manx: fliugh
• Scottish Gaelic: fliuch

Noun

fliuch n

1. damp, wet weather

Mutation

Mutation of fliuch

radical	lenition	nasalization
fliuch	ḟliuch	fliuch pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fliuch”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish fliuch, from Proto-Celtic *wlikʷos (compare Welsh gwlyb, Cornish glyb), from Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷ- (compare Latin liquō (“to melt”), Tocharian A lyīktsi (“to wash”)).

Pronunciation

• (Lewis) IPA^(key): /flux/, [flʊx]
• (Uist, Barra) IPA^(key): /fliux/

Adjective

fliuch (comparative fliuiche or fliche)

1. wet, rainy, moist, damp, oozy

   là fliuch ― a rainy day

   fuar, fliuch gun deò léirsinn ― cold, wet and stone blind

   bàta fliuch ― a boat given to taking waves on board

Verb

fliuch (past fhliuch, future fliuchaidh, verbal noun fliuchadh, past participle fliuchte)

1. wet, moisten
2. water
3. make drunk

Mutation

Mutation of fliuch

radical	lenition
fliuch	fhliuch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “fliuch”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[2], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• MacLennan, Malcolm (1925) A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC