Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pungō
Appearance
Proto-Italic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From a nasal-infixed form of Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Near cognates include Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ, “fist”).[1]
Verb
[edit]*pungō first-singular present indicative[1]
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *pungō (third conjugation) | ||
---|---|---|
Present | *pungō | |
Perfect | *pepugai | |
Aorist | — | |
Past participle | *punktos | |
Present indicative | Active | Passive |
1st sing. | *pungō | *pungōr |
2nd sing. | *punges | *pungezo |
3rd sing. | *punget | *pungetor |
1st plur. | *pungomos | *pungomor |
2nd plur. | *pungetes | *pungem(e?)n(ai?) |
3rd plur. | *pungont | *pungontor |
Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
1st sing. | *pungām | *pungār |
2nd sing. | *pungās | *pungāzo |
3rd sing. | *pungād | *pungātor |
1st plur. | *pungāmos | *pungāmor |
2nd plur. | *pungātes | *pungām(e?)n(ai?) |
3rd plur. | *pungānd | *pungāntor |
Perfect indicative | Active | |
1st sing. | *pepugai | |
2nd sing. | *pepugistai? | |
3rd sing. | *pepugei | |
1st plur. | *pepugme? | |
2nd plur. | *pepuge | |
3rd plur. | *pepugēri | |
Aorist indicative | Active | |
1st sing. | — | |
2nd sing. | — | |
3rd sing. | — | |
1st plur. | — | |
2nd plur. | — | |
3rd plur. | — | |
Present imperative | Active | Passive |
2nd sing. | *punge | *pungezo |
2nd plur. | *pungete | — |
Future imperative | Active | |
2nd + 3rd sing. | *pungetōd | |
Participles | Present | Past |
*pungents | *punktos | |
Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
*punktum | *pungezi |
Descendants
[edit]- Latin: pungō (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pungō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 499