Appendix:Dravidian Swadesh lists

This is a Swadesh list of Dravidian languages, specifically Tamil, Malayalam, Kodava, Kannada, Tulu, Telugu, Gondi, Konda-Dora, Kui (India), Kuvi, Kolami, Kurukh, Brahui and Proto-Dravidian, compared with that of English.

№	English	Tamil தமிழ் (tamiḻ) edit (207)	Malayalam മലയാളം (malayāḷaṁ) edit (207)	Kodava ಕೊಡವ (koḍava) edit (1)	Kannada ಕನ್ನಡ (kannaḍa) edit (207)	Tulu ತುಳು (tuḷu) edit (79)	Telugu తెలుగు (telugu) edit (207)	Gondi గోండీ (gōṇḍī) edit (1)	Konda-Dora కొణ్డ (koṇḍa) edit (1)	Kui (India) କୁୟି (kuyi) edit (1)	Kuvi କୁୱି (kuwi) edit (2)	Kolami (kolāmi) कॊलामि edit (207)	Kurukh कुड़ुख़् (kuṛux) edit (207)	Brahui براہوئی edit (117)	Proto-Dravidian edit (93)
1	I (1sg)	nāṉ	ñāṉ	nānu, nā	nānu	yānu, yēnu, yānŭ, ēnŭ	nēnu	anā, annā, nannā, nanā, nana	nān, nānu	ānu, nānu	nānu	ān	ēn	ī	*yĀn
2	you (2sg)	nī	nī*, Thesaurus:nī		nīnu	ī	nuvvu, nīvu				nīnū	īn	nīn	nī	*nīn
3	he, she, it (3sg)	avaṉ, avaḷ, atu	avaṉ*, avaḷ*, atŭ, addēhaṁ*		avanu, avaḷu, adu	āye, āḷŭ, adŭ	ataḍu, atanu, vāḍu, vāru					avand, ad, ad	īs*, ās*, īd*, ād*	dā, o	*awanṯu, *atu
4	we (1pl)	nām, nāṅkaḷ	nammaḷ, ñaṅṅaḷ		nāvu	yaṅkalŭ, eṅkulu	manamu, mēmu					nēṇḍ, ām	ēm*, nām*	nan	*yĀm, *ñām
5	you (2pl)	nīṅkaḷ	niṅṅaḷ		nīvu	ikuḷu	mīru					īm	nīm	num	*nīm
6	they (3pl)	avar, avarkaḷ, avai, ivar, ivarkaḷ, ivai	avaṟ*		avaru	ākuḷu, agulu, akuḷu	vāḷḷu, avi					avar, adav	īr*, ibṛar*, ār*, abṛar*	ofk, ok, dāk	*awar
7	this	itu, inta	itŭ		idu	undŭ	idi					id	ī	dā	*itu
8	that	atu, anta	atŭ		adu	avŭ	adi					ad	ā	o	*atu
9	here	iṅkē, iṅku	iviṭe		illi	iñci	ikkaḍa, iccaṭa, īḍa					itti	isan	dāṛe
10	there	aṅkē, aṅku	aviṭe		alli	ayiṭe	akkaḍa, accaṭa, āḍa					atti	asan	eṛe
11	who	yār, evaṉ, evaḷ, evar	ārŭ		yāru	ērŭ	evaru					ēr	nē, nēhar	der	*yĀr
12	what	eṉṉa, etu	entŭ		ēnu	eñcina	ēmiṭi, ēṇṭi					tāned	endarā, ender, ekā*	ant
13	where	eṅkē, eṅku	eviṭe		elli	oñci	ekkaḍa, eccaṭa, ēḍa					etti	eksan, ekhō	arāṅg
14	when	eppoḻutu, eppōtu	eppōḷ		yāvāga	ēpa	eppuḍu					eṇḍi	ekābīrī, iklā	arātam, harātam
15	how	eppaṭi	eṅṅane		hēge	eñca	elā, eṭlā					enaṅ	ekāse	amar
16	not	illai	alla, illa		alla	attŭ, ijji	kādu, lēdu					sillai, tōd	mallai, mal, māl, mā	af
17	all	aṉaittu	ellāṁ, saṟvva, muḻuvaṉ, mottaṁ		ella	māta, sarva	andaru, annī, mottamu					el	urmi*, ormā*	kul
18	many	niṟaiya, pala	kuṟē, pala		hala	ajanta	cālā					lai, kūb	ajam, ḍher	bāz, چندی, bhāz
19	some	cila	cila, cilatŭ		kela	kela	kondaru, konni, konta					koccam	kaṭik, jukk	giṛās
20	few	koñcam	kuṟaccŭ, alpaṁ		svalpa, koñca	kela	konni					koccam	jukk, kaṭik	mana
21	other	maṟṟa	maṟṟŭ, vēṟe		bēre	itara, para	vērē, itara					vēṇḍ	nannā	pen
22	one	oṉṟu	onnŭ		ondu	oñji	okaṭi					okkod	ond	asiṭ	*onṯu
23	two	iraṇṭu	raṇṭŭ		eraḍu	eraḍŭ, iraḍŭ, raḍḍŭ	reṇḍu					eraṇḍi, indiṅ	ẽṛ	iraṭ	*iraṇṭu
24	three	mūṉṟu	mūnnŭ		mūru	mūji	mūḍu					mūndiṅ	mūnd	musiṭ	*mūnṯu
25	four	nāṉku	nālŭ, nāṅkŭ		nālku	nālŭ	nālugu					nāliṅ	nāx	cār	*nāl
26	five	aintu	añcŭ		aidu	ayinŭ	aidu					sēndi, ayd	pañce	panc	*caymtu
27	big	periya	valiya		doḍḍa	eru	pedda					per	kȭhā	balun, bhalun, ballā, bhallā, ḍala	*pēr, *perV-
28	long	nīḷamāṉa	nīḷamuḷḷa		niḍu	udda	poḍavaina					poḍam	dīghā	murġun
29	wide	akalamāṉa	vītiyuḷḷa		agala	ara	veḍalpaina					doḍḍa	cakaṛ, panhā	śabīt, patan
30	thick	taṭitta	kaṭṭiyuḷḷa		dappa	aladŭ	mandamaina, cikkani					jāḍ	mõṭ	hūlun, pangun, maṭ
31	heavy	kaṉamāṉa	kanatta, bhāramuḷḷa		tūka	guru	baruvaina					bejja	otthā	kuben
32	small	ciṉṉa	ceṟiya		saṇṇa, cikka	iṭṭi	cinna					sinnam	sannī	cunak, cuṅk
33	short	kuṟu, kuṭṭai	kuṟiya		giḍḍa, kuḷḷa	kuddu	poṭṭi					moṇḍi, moṭṭi	puḍḍā	gavanḍ
34	narrow	kuṟukiya	iṭuṅṅiya		sapura	ikkaṭṭŭ	irukaina, sannani					ṭeṭṭe	saruā	taṅg
35	thin	melliya	nēṟtta		teḷu	telpu	sannani, palucani					ṭeṭṭe	saruā	اُنکش
36	woman	peṇ	strī, peṇṇŭ		heṅgasu, heṇṇu	aṅgane, poṇṇu, emmaḷu	āḍadi, strī, mahiḷa					peṇṭi	ālī, mukkā	niyāṛī, zālbul	*peṇ
37	man (adult male)	āḷ, āṇ	puruṣaṉ, āṇŭ		gaṇḍasu, puruṣa, āḷu	āñjavu, āṇjevu, āṇjōvu, kuddāyida	magavāḍu, puruṣuḍu					mankāk	ālas, mēt	narīna, ari, ādamī, bandaġ
38	man (human being)	maṉitaṉ	Thesaurus:manuṣyaṉ		manuṣya, mandi	manuṣye	maniṣi					manuṣyak, mandi	āl	ins, insān, bandaġ, ādumzāt, ādmīzāt	*āḷ
39	child	kuḻantai, piḷḷai	kuṭṭi, kuññŭ, śiśu, piḷḷa, kiṭāvŭ		magu, kūsu	kande	pilla, pillavāḍu					piḷḷu	xadd	cunā
40	wife	maṉaivi	bhārya, keṭṭiyavaḷ		heṇḍati, maḍadi	buḍedi, kaḷatra, kānte, dāra, patni, bhārye	peḷḷāṁ, bhārya, āli					māsā	ālī, pacco*	zayfa, zāīfa, zan, urāī
41	husband	kaṇavaṉ	bhaṟttāvŭ, keṭṭiyavaṉ		gaṇḍa	kanḍane	moguḍu, bharta, penimiṭi					magavan	ālas, pacgī*	ari, ariġ
42	mother	ammā, mātā	Thesaurus:amma		amma, tāyi	appe	amma, talli					ammā	ayō, ayaṅg	امَّا, āī, lumma	*amma
43	father	appā, pitā	Thesaurus:acchaṉ		appa, tande	amme	nānna, taṇḍri					appak	babas	bāva	*appa
44	animal	mirukam	mr̥gaṁ, jantu		prāṇi	prāṇi	jantuvu					prāṇi	jiyā-jaũt	hevān, sāhdār, sādār
45	fish	mīṉ	mīṉ, matsyaṁ, jhaṣaṁ, kannal		mīnu	mīnŭ	cēpa					kāye	iñjō	māhī	*mīn
46	bird	paṟavai	kiḷi, pakṣi		hakki	pakki	pakṣi, piṭṭa					piṭṭa	ōṛā	cukk
47	dog	nāy	paṭṭi, nāya, śvānaṉ		nāyi	nāyi	kukka					āte	allā	sag, kucak	*naH-
48	louse	pēṉ	pēṉ		hēnu	pēnŭ	pēnu					pēn	pēn	boḍ	*pēn
49	snake	pāmpu	pāmpŭ, saṟppaṁ		hāvu	uccu	pāmu					pām	nerr	dūśa	*pāmpu
50	worm	puḻu	puḻu, kr̥mi		huḷa, huḷu	puri	purugu					purre	leṇḍā, pocgō	pū	*puẓu
51	tree	maram	maraṁ, vr̥kṣaṁ		mara	mara	ceṭṭu					māk	mann	draxt, daraxt	*maran
52	forest	kāṭu	kāṭŭ, vanaṁ, kānanaṁ		kāḍu	kāḍŭ	aḍavi					aḍavi	ṭoṛaṅg	jangal	*kā
53	stick	kucci, taṭi	vaṭi, kampŭ		kōlu, kaḍḍi, baḍi	kōlŭ	karra, kaṭṭe					kola	ṭempā, soṭṭā	laṭ, śat	*kōl
54	fruit	paḻam	paḻaṁ, phalaṁ		haṇṇu	parndŭ	paṇḍu, phalamu					paṇ	xañjpā	meva	*kāy
55	seed	vitai	vittŭ, kuru		bīja, bittu	bittŭ	vittanaṁ					vitanam	bīj	gaḍḍa, bijj	*wittV
56	leaf	ilai	ila		ele	ire	āku					rekka	atxā	pan, phan, varx	*elay
57	root	vēr	vērŭ		bēru	bērŭ	vēru					vēr	pādā	mās, rota	*wēr
58	bark (of a tree)	paṭṭai	tōl, marattōl		togaṭe	cōli	beraḍu					sekka	oṛk
59	flower	pū	pūvŭ, pū, puṣpaṁ		hūvu	pū	puvvu, puṣpamu					pūta	pū̃p	phull	*puH
60	grass	pul	pullŭ		hullu	pajirŭ	gaḍḍi					gaḍḍi	ghā̃sī	bae	*pul
61	rope	kayiṟu, ñāṇ	kayaṟ		nēṇu	ballŭ	tāḍu, mōku					nārā	ēp	ciṭ, cīlik
62	skin	tōl	toli		carma, togalu	carma	tōlu, carmamu					tōl	capṭā	sil
63	meat	māmicam, iṟaicci	māṁsaṁ, iṟacci		māṃsa, bāḍu	māsa	māṁsaṁ					māṁsam	ahṛā	sū
64	blood	rattam, kuruti	cōra, raktaṁ, kuruti, niṇaṁ		rakta, nettaru	netterŭ	raktamu, netturu					nettur	xē̃s	ditar	*neyttVr
65	bone	elumpu	ellŭ, asthi		elubu	elu	emuka, bomike, bokka					bokka	xocol	haḍ
66	fat (noun)	koḻuppu	koḻuppŭ		kobbu		kovvu					ney	nē̃tā		*ney
67	egg	muṭṭai	muṭṭa		moṭṭe	tetti	guḍḍu					saṅk	bī	xāya, xvāya
68	horn	kompu	kompŭ		kombu	kombu	kommu					kommu	marag	marġ	*kōṭu
69	tail	vāl	vāl		bāla, tōke	bīla	tōka					tōka	xolā	liṭṭik
70	feather	iṟaku	tūval		gari	suyi, tuyi, tuvi	īka					gar	pencō	parraġ
71	hair	muṭi	muṭi, kūntal, mayiṟ		kūdalu	kujalŭ	veṇṭrukalu, juṭṭu					tīr	cuṭṭī	puṭ, puźźa
72	head	talai, maṇṭai	tala		tale	tare, manḍe	tala					tar	kukk	kāṭum, sara, sar	*talay
73	ear	kātu	cevi, kātŭ		kivi	kebi	cevi					kev	xebdā	xaf	*kewi
74	eye	kaṇ	Thesaurus:kaṇṇŭ		kaṇṇu	kaṇṇŭ	kannu, nētraṁ					kaṇ	xann	xan	*kaṇ
75	nose	mūkku	mūkkŭ		mūgu	mūṅku	mukku					mūkku	muī	bāmus	*mūnk(k)u
76	mouth	vāy	vāya		bāyi	bāyi	nōru, mūti					mūṭi	baī	bā	*wāy
77	tooth	pal	pallŭ		hallu	kūli	pannu					pal	pall	dannān	*pal
78	tongue (organ)	nākku	nākkŭ, nāvŭ		nālage	nālayi	nāluka					nālka	tatxā	duvī
79	fingernail	nakam	nakhaṁ		uguru	ugurŭ	gōru					gōr	orox	zīl	*okVr
80	foot	kāl, pātam	pādaṁ, kālaṭi		aḍi		pādamu, aḍugu					kāl	xeḍḍ	nat
81	leg	kāl	kālŭ		kālu	kārŭ	kālu					kāl	xeḍḍ	nat	*kāl
82	knee	mūṭṭu	muṭṭŭ		maṇḍi		mōkālu					mūḍsu	mūkā	goḍ, zān
83	hand	kai	kai, karaṁ, hastaṁ		kai		ceyyi, cēyi					kī	xekkhā	dū	*kay
84	wing	iṟakkai	ciṟakŭ		rekke		rekka					reppā	pencō	parra
85	belly	tonti, toppai	vayaṟŭ		hoṭṭe		poṭṭa, kaḍupu					poṭṭa	kūl	piḍ, phiḍ	*poṭṭ-
86	guts	kuṭal	kuṭal		keccu		pēgulu					pēg	poṭṭā	rotīṅk
87	neck	kaḻuttu	kaḻuttŭ		kattu		meḍa, kaṇṭhaṁ					mak	ṭoṭā	lix
88	back	mutuku, puṟam	mutukŭ, puṟaṁ		bennu		vīpu, vennu					mulke, ven	mēd	baj	*pin
89	breast	mārpu, mulai	mula, stanaṁ		mole		cannu, stanamu					pamme	dudhī	xad, sīna
90	heart	itayam, akam	hr̥dayaṁ, neñcakaṁ		hṛdaya, guṇḍige		guṇḍe					guṇḍur	bukā	ust	*kuṇṭV
91	liver	īral	karaḷ		īli		kālēyaṁ					Taraṅguḍ	umbalxō	jaġar
92	to drink	kuṭi	kuṭikkuka		kuḍi		tāgu					uṇ	onnā	kuniṅg, tingiṅg	*uHṇ
93	to eat	cāppiṭu, uṇ, tiṉ	kaḻikkuka, tinnuka, uṇṇuka, bhakṣikkuka		tinnu, uṇṇu		tinu					tin	mōxnā*, onnā*	kuniṅg	*uHṇ, *tiHn
94	to bite	kaṭi	kaṭikkuka		kaḍi, kaccu		koruku, karacu					kork	habka'ānā	ḍaliṅg
95	to suck	uṟiñcu	cappuka		cīpu		cīku					umurs	cīpnā	huṛiṅg
96	to spit	tuppu	tuppuka		uguḷu		ummu					us	tuppnā	tuf kanniṅg
97	to vomit	kakku	chaṟddikkuka		kāru		kakku					Maguḷ	putrnā
98	to blow	ūtu	ūtuka		ūdu		ūdu, vīcu					ūṇḍ	ūrnā	kaśśiṅg
99	to breathe	mūccuviṭu	śvasikkuka		usiru āḍu		ūpiri pīlcu					usir	sā̃s ho'onā*, nāxnā		*ucV-
100	to laugh	ciri, nakai	cirikkuka		nagu		navvu					kaiṅ	alkhnā	maxxiṅg
101	to see	pār	kāṇuka		nōḍu		cūcu					ol	ērnā	xaniṅg, hunniṅg	*kāṇ-
102	to hear	kēḷ	kēḷkkuka		kēḷu		vinu					vin	mennā	biniṅg	*kēḷ-
103	to know	aṟi, teri	aṟiyuka		tiḷi		telusukonu, erugu					orki	axnā	cāiṅg	*aṯV-
104	to think	niṉai	cintikkuka, ninaykkuka, ālōcikkuka		yōcisu		ālōciñcu					sosil	sōcnā	hunniṅg, ṭak xalliṅg, sociṅg
105	to smell	mō, nukar, mukar	maṇakkuka		mūsu		vāsana cūcu, mūccūcu					kam	nusuṅgnā	gand xalliṅg
106	to fear	añcu, pēṭi	pēṭikkuka		hedaru		beduru, bhayapaḍu					ars	elcnā	خُلِنْگ
107	to sleep	tūṅku, uṟaṅku	uṟaṅṅuka		malagu		kunuku, tūgu, nidra pōvu					maṅ	xandrnā	xāciṅg	*tuñc-
108	to live	vāḻ	jīvikkuka, vāḻuka, poṟukkuka		bāḷu		batuku					man	ujjnā	rahengiṅg, tammiṅg	*man-
109	to die	cā, iṟa	Thesaurus:marikkuka		sāyi		caccu					tik	khē'enā	kahiṅg	*caH-
110	to kill	kol	kolluka		kollu		campu					alaṅ	piṭnā	xalliṅg	*kol-
111	to fight	pōrāṭu, caṇṭaiyiṭu, porutu, mōtu	pōrāṭuka, porutuka		hōrāḍu		pōrāḍu					kuḍuk	laṛnā	jaṅg kanniṅg
112	to hunt	vēṭṭaiyāṭu	vēṭṭayāṭuka, nāyāṭuka		bēṭeyāḍu		vēṭāḍu					vēṭā	sendrā bēcnā	śikār kanniṅg
113	to hit	aṭi	iṭikkuka		hoḍe		koṭṭu					lagāp	launā	xalliṅg, laggiṅg
114	to cut	veṭṭu, naṟukku	muṟikkuka		kattarisu		kōyu					kayīp	khaṇḍnā, xoynā	taṛiṅg, guḍḍiṅg, kāṭ kanniṅg	*koy-
115	to split	kuttu	piḷaṟkkuka, vibhajikkuka		sīḷu		cīlcu					katak	palknā	kap kanniṅg	*wiri-
116	to stab	kuttu	kuttuka		iri		poḍucu, kuccu /kuɕːu/					kuṭṭek	jobnā
117	to scratch	cori	oraykkuka		kere		gīru					kōk	godra'ānā		*warV-
118	to dig	nōṇṭu, tōṇṭu	kuḻikkuka		tōḍu		tavvu					tav	koṛnā
119	to swim	nīntu	nīntuka		īju		īdu					īnd	ōgnā
120	to fly	paṟa	paṟakkuka		hāru		eguru, egaravēyu					nīṅga	uṛhyārnā
121	to walk	naṭa	naṭakkuka		naḍe		naḍucu					aḍa	ēknā
122	to come	vā	varuka		bā		vaccu					var	barnā		*waHr
123	to lie (as in a bed)	paṭu	kiṭakkuka		paḍu		paḍukonu					paḍ	beḍrnā
124	to sit	uṭkār	irikkuka		kūru		kūrconu					ud	okknā
125	to stand	nil	nilkkuka		nillu		niluconu, nilabaḍu					il	ijnā		*nil-
126	to turn (intransitive)	tirumpu	tiriyuka		tirugu		tippu, tirugu					tip	kindrarnā
127	to fall	viḻu	vīḻuka		bīḷu		paḍu					paḍ	khatrnā		*wīẓ-
128	to give	koṭu, tā	nalkuka, taruka, koṭukkuka		koḍu		iccu					sī	ci'inā		*ciy-
129	to hold	piṭi	piṭikkuka		hiḍi		paṭṭukonu					sum	dharnā		*toṭ-
130	to squeeze	piḻi	piḻiyuka, ñekkuka		hicuku		pisuku					piṇḍ	pīxnā		*piẓi-
131	to rub	tēy, urai	uraykkuka		ujju		ruddu					rāk, nīg	ragd'ānā
132	to wash	alampu, kaḻuvu	kaḻukuka, alakkuka		toḷe, oge, kusubu		kaḍugu					oḍ	nõṛnā		*noṭ-
133	to wipe	tuṭai	tuṭaykkuka		oresu		tuḍucu					usmekad	niṛgnā
134	to pull	iḻu	valikkuka		eḷi		lāgu					tiv	natagnā
135	to push	kaṭṭu	taḷḷuka, untuka		nūku		neṭṭu, tōyu					nūk	tuknā
136	to throw	vīcu	eṟiyuka		esi		visuru					jopi	hebṛnā
137	to tie	kaṭṭu	keṭṭuka		kaṭṭu		kaṭṭu					kaṭ	he'enā		*kaṭ-
138	to sew	tai	taykkuka		holi		kuṭṭu					kuṭ	ojjnā
139	to count	eṇṇu	eṇṇuka		eṇisu		lekkiñcu					lekkiḍ	gannā		*eṇ
140	to say	col	paṟayuka		hēḷu		ceppu					en	ba'anā		*aHn-
141	to sing	pāṭu	pāṭuka		hāḍu		pāḍu					pāḍ	pāṛnā		*pāṭV-
142	to play	viḷaiyāṭu	kaḷikkuka		āḍu		āḍu					āḍ	bēcnā, assnā*
143	to float	mita	poṅṅuka		tēlu		tēlu					taraṅgaḍ	ōgnā
144	to flow	oḻuku, pāy	oḻukuka		hari		pāru					vāyaḍ	bohārnā
145	to freeze	uṟai	taṇutt uṟayuka		heppugaṭṭu		gaḍḍakaṭṭu					gōṭaḍ	kaṛrnā
146	to swell	vīṅku	vīṟkkuka		ūdu		vācu					vayyek	pūxnā
147	sun	cūriyaṉ, ñāyiṟu	Thesaurus:sūryaṉ		sūrya, hottu		sūryuḍu, poddu					pod, sūriyak	bīṛī		*poẓutu
148	moon	nilā, cantiraṉ	Thesaurus:candraṉ		candra, tiṅgaḷu		candruḍu, candamāma, nelavēlpu					neliṅ, candirak, nela	candō
149	star	naṭcattiram	nakṣatraṁ, tāraṁ, mīṉ		nakṣatra, arilu, cukke		nakṣatraṁ, tāra, cukka					sukku	biṅkō		*miHn, *cukkV
150	water	nīr, taṇṇīr, jalam	Thesaurus:veḷḷaṁ		nīru		nīru					īr	amm	دیر	*nīr
151	rain	maḻai	maḻa, vaṟṣaṁ, māri		maḷesuri		kuriyu, varṣiñcu					vāna	cē̃p
152	river	āṟu, nati	puḻa, āṟŭ, nadi		nadi, hoḷe		nadi					peni, vantā, nevli, levni	xāṛ
153	lake	ēri	taṭākaṁ, kuḷaṁ		kere		sarassu					serv	pokharī
154	sea	kaṭal	kaṭal, samudraṁ		samudra, kaḍalu		samudraṁ, kaḍali					kaḍal, samudram	daryā
155	salt	uppu	uppŭ		uppu		uppu					sup, suppu	bēk		*cup, *cuppu
156	stone	kal	kallŭ		kallu		rāyi					kal	pakhnā	خل	*kal
157	sand	maṇ	maṇal, maṇṇŭ		maraḷu, usuku		isuka					uska	calkur
158	dust	puḻuti, tūcu	poṭi		dumbu		dummu					dubba	dhulī, rĩṛō
159	earth	pūmi, ulakam, ñālam	Thesaurus:bhūmi		nela, bhūmi		mannu, maṭṭi, nēla					būmi	xēxel
160	cloud	mēkam, mukil	mēghaṁ, mukil, koṇṭal		mōḍa		mabbu					morgar	badālī
161	fog	paṉi	mūṭalmaññŭ		mañju		pogamañcu					mūḍam, duvaḍ	kuhī
162	sky	vāṉam	ākāśaṁ, vānaṁ, mānaṁ, viṇṇŭ, viṇṭalaṁ		ākāśa, mugilu		niṅgi, ākāśaṁ					ākāśam	merxā
163	wind	kāṟṟu	kāṟṟŭ		gāḷi		gāli					gāḷi	tākā
164	snow	paṉi	maññŭ		hima		mañcu					himam	kībā
165	ice	paṉikkaṭṭi	aisŭ, maññukaṭṭa		mañjugaḍḍe		gaḍḍamañcu					himam	kībā, baraph
166	smoke	pukai	puka		hoge		poga					poga	mojxā, mosgā
167	fire	tī, neruppu, akki, akkiṉi	Thesaurus:tī		beṅki		maṇṭa, nippu					kis	cicc
168	ash	cāmpal	cāraṁ, cāmpal		būdi		būḍida					buggi	cind
169	to burn	eri	kattikkuka		suḍu		kālu, maṇḍu					erke	oldnā		*cuṭV-
170	road	cālai, taṭam	ṟōḍŭ, vaḻi, pāta		hādi		bāṭa					pāv	ḍahre, pābe
171	mountain	malai	mala, paṟvvataṁ		parvata		koṇḍa					parvatam	partā
172	red	civappu, ceṉ	Thesaurus:cuvappŭ		kempu		erra					erroḍi	xē̃sō	خیسن	*kem
173	green	paccai, pacu	pacca		hasiru		pacca					nīgur	hariyar		*pac-
174	yellow	mañcaḷ	mañña		haḷadi		pasupu					pasuḍi	bālkā		*pac-
175	white	veḷḷai, veṇ	veḷḷa		biḷi		tella					teloḍi	paṇḍrū		*weḷ
176	black	karuppu, kār, karu	kaṟuppŭ		kari		nalla, karri					kāri	moxāro	karī	*cir-, *kār
177	night	iravu, rāttiri, irāttiri	rātri, rāvŭ		rātri, iruḷu		rēyi, rātri, māpu					āle	māxā	نَن	*nāḷ
178	day	nāḷ	divasaṁ, dinaṁ, nāḷ, pakal		hagalu		pagalu					dinam	ullā		*pakal
179	year	varṣam, varuṭam, varuṣam, āṇṭu	vaṟṣaṁ, kollaṁ, āṇṭŭ		ēḍu		yēḍu, yēḍādi, saṁvatsaraṁ					yeṇḍ	bachar, cān
180	warm	vekkai	cūṭŭ		becca		veccani					vēṇḍi	biṛnā, kuṛnā		*kāy
181	cold	kuḷircci, taṇ	taṇuppŭ		kuḷiru		callani					kinan	paī̃yā̃, kīrnā		*taṇ
182	full	muḻu	niṟañña		tumbu		niṇḍu					niṇḍa	nindkā, pūr		*niṯ-
183	new	putu	putiya		hosa		kotta					pud	punā		*pucV-
184	old	paḻaiya	paḻaya		haḷe		pāta					murtā, pāta	paccā		*paẓa, *mutV-
185	good	nalla	nalla		oḷḷe, nal		mañci					sōy	dau, bēs
186	bad	keṭṭa	mōśaṁ, cītta		keṭṭa		ceḍḍa					vāyiṭ	maldau, anēs
187	rotten	aḻukiya	aḻukiya		koḷeta		kuḷḷina, ceḍina					murgatin	kittkā
188	dirty	aḻukkāṉa	aḻukkāya		koḷaku		murikaina					kalaṇḍ	keckecā
189	straight	nēr	nēre		nēra		nēru					saki	ujgō
190	round	uruṇṭa	vaṭṭaṁ		guṇḍu		guṇḍrani					cekri	gōl
191	sharp (as a knife)	kūrmai	mūṟccayuḷḷa		harita		padunaina					dār	dhār
192	dull (as a knife)	maḻuṅkiya	mūṟcca kuṟañña		moṇḍa		moṇḍi, moddaina					bōdaḍ	bothē		*macV-, *maẓV-
193	smooth	vaḻuvaḻuppu	minusamāṟnna		nuṇṇage		nunnani					puytaṭe	ciknā
194	wet	īramāṉa, naṉainta	nanañña, īṟaṉ		odde		taḍi					bōktad	caĩkā
195	dry	ularnta	varaṇṭa, uṇaṅṅiya		oṇa		poḍi, eṇḍu					ārtā	xaikā
196	correct	cari	śari		sari		saraina					bara	ṭhīk
197	near	arukil, kiṭṭa	aṭuttŭ, arikil, samīpaṁ		hattira		daggara					mēram	heddē, gusan
198	far	tolaivu	akale, dūre		dūra, geṇṭu		dūraṁ					dav	gecchā
199	right	valatu	valatŭ		bala		kuḍi					unna	tīnā		*wala
200	left	iṭatu	iṭatŭ		eḍa		eḍama					eḍama, demmaḍi	leṅgā
201	at	-il	-il		-alli		-vadda, -vaipu					un	nū, gusan
202	in	-il	-il		oḷage		-lō					un	nū
203	with	-uṭaṉ, -ōṭu	kūṭe, oppaṁ		jote		-tō					veṇṭa	saṅgē, gusan
204	and	maṟṟum, -um	-uṁ, kūṭe		mattu		mariyu					ini	arā, darā
205	if	eṉṟāl	-eṅkil		ondu vēḷe		-itē					yadi	agar
206	because	ēṉeṉṟāl	kāraṇaṁ, entennāl, entukoṇṭennāl		yākendare		-valla, endukaṇṭē					kāraṇam	aoṅgē*
207	name	peyar, nāmam	pērŭ, nāmaṁ		hesaru		pēru					pidir, pēr	nāmē	پِن	*pinccVr

See also

• Appendix:Dravidian word lists
• Appendix:Proto-Dravidian reconstructions
• Appendix:Cognate sets for Dravidian languages

Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Abinomn Albanian Amdo Tibetan Amharic Armenian Asturian Avar Azerbaijani Bangala Bashkir Basque Bengali–Assamese Assamese Bengali Berber Moroccan Amazigh Tashelhit Central Atlas Tamazight Big Nambas Bikol Central Bikol Iriga Bicolano Bisayan Cebuano Hiligaynon Kinaray-a Masbatenyo Tausug Waray-Waray Breton Bugis Bulgarian Burushaski Cape Verdean Catalan Chamorro Chechen Cornish Creole Antillean Creole Guinea-Bissau Creole Jamaican Creole Haitian Creole Crimean Tatar Czech Old Czech Dalmatian Danish Dravidian Malayalam Tamil Egyptian Elamite Estonian Etruscan Fanagalo Faroese Fijian Finnish Fongbe French Old French Creole French Mauritian Creole Frisian West Frisian Friulian Galician Garo Gelao Georgian Germanic Highland Germanic German Creole High Germanic Yiddish Western Germanic Lowland Western Germanic Dutch Afrikaans Limburgish Zealandic English Old English Middle English Gothic Greek Ancient Greek Guaraní Gujarati Hausa Hawaiian Hindustani Hindi Fiji Hindi Urdu Hittite Hmong White Hmong Hungarian Hunsrik Icelandic Ilocano Indonesian Ingush Irish Japonic Japanese Classical Japanese Old Japanese Okinawan Javanese Javindo Kannada Kangeanic Kapampangan Kashubian Kazakh Khoemana Komi-Zyrian Konkani Jizhao Koreanic Korean Middle Korean Jeju Kra-Dai Khmer Thai Kurmanji Kurukh Kyrgyz Latin Romance Latin Aromanian Italian Vulgar Latin Latvian Ligurian Lingala Linngithigh Lithuanian Lombard Low Saxon Sallaands Macedonian Maguindanao Malagasy Malayic Betawi Indonesian Malay Minangkabau Musi Makasar Maltese Mandaic Manipuri Mansi Northern Mansi Manx Maori Maranao Marathi Old Marathi Megleno-Romanian Mongolian Mokilese Murui Huitoto Navajo Neapolitan Nepali Norwegian Bokmål Nynorsk Occitan Ojibwe Ossetian Osing Papiamento Pashto Persian Old Persian Middle Persian Pirahã Polish Old Polish Portuguese Old Portuguese Punjabi Purepecha Quechua Romani Caló Romanian Sambali Sangisari Sanskrit Saraiki Scottish Gaelic Semitic Arabic Cypriot Arabic Egyptian Arabic Juba Arabic Moroccan Arabic South Levantine Arabic Tunisian Arabic Hebrew Biblical Hebrew Modern Hebrew Serbo-Croatian Sicilian Silesian Sinhala Slavic Eastern Slavic Belarusian Russian Rusyn Carpathian Rusyn Ukrainian Southern Slavic Slovene Western Slavic Slovak Sorbian Lower Sorbian Upper Sorbian Somali Spanish Creole Spanish Chavacano Sranan Sumerian Sundanese Swahili Swedish Tagalog Tahitian Tajik Tatar Siberian Tatar Telugu Temiar Tetum Tigrinya Tocharian B Tok Pisin Tooro Tswana Tupian Old Tupi Turkic Turkish Turkmen Western Turkic Uyghur Tuvaluan Uzbek Vietnamese Walloon Welsh West Coast Bajau Wutunhua Wyandot Zazaki Zulu ǃXóõ
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Afroasiatic Algonquian and Iroquoian Arabic Austroasiatic Austronesian (Oceanic) Baltic Bantu Berber Celtic Chumashan and Hokan Dene–Yeniseian Dravidian Formosan Frisian Germanic Hmong-Mien Indo-Aryan Middle Early New Pahari Rajasthani Sindhic Indo-Iranian Italian Japonic Kra–Dai Mayan Muskogean Niger–Congo Northeast Caucasian Northwest Caucasian Oto-Manguean Paleosiberian Pama-Nyungan Penutian Romance Sino-Tibetan Sinitic Mandarin Standard Mandarin Sichuanese Nanjing Mandarin Cantonese Gan Hakka Min Hokkien Eastern Min Wu Shanghainese Suzhounese Xiang Old Chinese Middle Chinese Raji-Raute Tibeto-Burman Burmese Nepal Tibeto-Burman Kho-Bwa Kuki-Chin Slavic Siouan and Pawnee South American Tungusic Tupian Turkic Uralic Finnic Uto-Aztecan
Constructed languages
Esperanto Ido Interlingua Interlingue Klingon Láadan Lingua Franca Nova Lingwa de Planeta Lojban Novial Toki Pona Volapük
Reconstructed proto-languages
Proto-Afroasiatic Proto-Austroasiatic Proto-Austronesian Proto-Balto-Slavic Proto-Bantu Proto-Basque Proto-Celtic Proto-Germanic Proto-Hellenic Proto-Indo-European Proto-Indo-Iranian Proto-Italic Proto-Japonic Proto-Mayan Proto-Slavic Proto-Turkic Proto-West Germanic Proto-Tai
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