माल

See also: मल, मळ, मला, माला, माली, मील, मूल, मैल, and मोल

Hindi

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /mɑːl/, [mäːl]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian (māl), from Arabic مال (māl). Compare Assamese মাল (mal), Bengali মাল (mal).

Noun

माल • (māl) m (Urdu spelling مال) (uncountable)

goods, stuff, things
(slang, chiefly Delhi) money
(slang, chiefly Delhi, offensive) an attractive woman
(slang) drugs

Declension

Declension of माल (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	माल māl	माल māl
oblique	माल māl	मालों mālõ
vocative	माल māl	मालो mālo

Related terms

माली (mālī)

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit मल्ल (malla).

Noun

माल • (māl) m (Urdu spelling مال)

wrestler, fighter

Declension

Declension of माल (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	माल māl	माल māl
oblique	माल māl	मालों mālõ
vocative	माल māl	मालो mālo

Etymology 3

From Sanskrit माला (mālā).

Noun

माल • (māl) f (Urdu spelling مال)

wreath, garland

Declension

Declension of माल (fem cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	माल māl	मालें mālẽ
oblique	माल māl	मालों mālõ
vocative	माल māl	मालो mālo

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

māla (Latin script)
𑀫𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
মাল (Bengali script)
මාල (Sinhalese script)
မာလ or မႃလ (Burmese script)
มาล or มาละ (Thai script)
ᨾᩣᩃ (Tai Tham script)
ມາລ or ມາລະ (Lao script)
មាល (Khmer script)
𑄟𑄂𑄣 (Chakma script)

Noun

माल m

circular enclosure, round yard

Declension

Declension table of "माल" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	मालो (mālo)	माला (mālā)
Accusative (second)	मालं (mālaṃ)	माले (māle)
Instrumental (third)	मालेन (mālena)	मालेहि (mālehi) or मालेभि (mālebhi)
Dative (fourth)	मालस्स (mālassa) or मालाय (mālāya) or मालत्थं (mālatthaṃ)	मालानं (mālānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	मालस्मा (mālasmā) or मालम्हा (mālamhā) or माला (mālā)	मालेहि (mālehi) or मालेभि (mālebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	मालस्स (mālassa)	मालानं (mālānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	मालस्मिं (mālasmiṃ) or मालम्हि (mālamhi) or माले (māle)	मालेसु (mālesu)
Vocative (calling)	माल (māla)	माला (mālā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

মাল (Assamese script)
ᬫᬵᬮ (Balinese script)
মাল (Bengali script)
𑰦𑰯𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀫𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
မာလ (Burmese script)
માલ (Gujarati script)
ਮਾਲ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌮𑌾𑌲 (Grantha script)
ꦩꦴꦭ (Javanese script)
𑂧𑂰𑂪 (Kaithi script)
ಮಾಲ (Kannada script)
មាល (Khmer script)
ມາລ (Lao script)
മാല (Malayalam script)
ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘦𑘰𑘩 (Modi script)
ᠮᠠᢗᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧆𑧑𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
𑐩𑐵𑐮 (Newa script)
ମାଲ (Odia script)
ꢪꢵꢭ (Saurashtra script)
𑆩𑆳𑆬 (Sharada script)
𑖦𑖯𑖩 (Siddham script)
මාල (Sinhalese script)
𑩴𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
𑚢𑚭𑚥 (Takri script)
மால (Tamil script)
మాల (Telugu script)
มาล (Thai script)
མཱ་ལ (Tibetan script)
𑒧𑒰𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
𑨢𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑː.lɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈmɑː.l̪ɐ/

Etymology 1

Possibly borrowed from Dravidian; in particular, comparisons to मलय (malaya, “name of a mountain range on the west of Malabar”) have been suggested, though this is semantically suspect.

Noun

माल • (māla) stem, n

a forest or wood near a village

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of माल
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मालम् (mālam)	माले (māle)	मालानि (mālāni) माला¹ (mālā¹)
vocative	माल (māla)	माले (māle)	मालानि (mālāni) माला¹ (mālā¹)
accusative	मालम् (mālam)	माले (māle)	मालानि (mālāni) माला¹ (mālā¹)
instrumental	मालेन (mālena)	मालाभ्याम् (mālābhyām)	मालैः (mālaiḥ) मालेभिः¹ (mālebhiḥ¹)
dative	मालाय (mālāya)	मालाभ्याम् (mālābhyām)	मालेभ्यः (mālebhyaḥ)
ablative	मालात् (mālāt)	मालाभ्याम् (mālābhyām)	मालेभ्यः (mālebhyaḥ)
genitive	मालस्य (mālasya)	मालयोः (mālayoḥ)	मालानाम् (mālānām)
locative	माले (māle)	मालयोः (mālayoḥ)	मालेषु (māleṣu)

¹Vedic

Etymology 2

Likely borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil மாலர் (mālar, “the child of a Brahmin mother and a Sudra father”), Telugu మాల (māla, “a pariah, an outcaste”), Kannada ಮಾಲ (māla, “low, base, name of a barbarous tribe”).

Proper noun

माल • (māla) stem, m

name of a district (lying west and southwest of Bengal)
of one of the seven islands, of Antara-dvīpa
of the son of a Śūdra and a Sūta
(in the plural) name of a barbarous tribe or people

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of माल
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मालः (mālaḥ)	मालौ (mālau) माला¹ (mālā¹)	मालाः (mālāḥ) मालासः¹ (mālāsaḥ¹)
vocative	माल (māla)	मालौ (mālau) माला¹ (mālā¹)	मालाः (mālāḥ) मालासः¹ (mālāsaḥ¹)
accusative	मालम् (mālam)	मालौ (mālau) माला¹ (mālā¹)	मालान् (mālān)
instrumental	मालेन (mālena)	मालाभ्याम् (mālābhyām)	मालैः (mālaiḥ) मालेभिः¹ (mālebhiḥ¹)
dative	मालाय (mālāya)	मालाभ्याम् (mālābhyām)	मालेभ्यः (mālebhyaḥ)
ablative	मालात् (mālāt)	मालाभ्याम् (mālābhyām)	मालेभ्यः (mālebhyaḥ)
genitive	मालस्य (mālasya)	मालयोः (mālayoḥ)	मालानाम् (mālānām)
locative	माले (māle)	मालयोः (mālayoḥ)	मालेषु (māleṣu)

¹Vedic

Etymology 3

Of unclear origin. Perhaps related to मल (mala, “dirt, filth”), Lithuanian mólis (“loam, clay”).

Noun

माल • (māla) stem, n

a field

Etymology 4

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Not listed in etymological dictionaries. Perhaps related to Etymology 2, via the "barbarous tribe" meaning, assuming the word isn't a spurious addition by lexicographers.”

Noun

माल • (māla) stem, n

fraud, artifice

Etymology 5

See माला (mālā).

Noun

माल • (māla) stem, m

(in some compounds) = माला (mālā, “a wreath, garland”)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “माल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 813/2.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 402
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 627-8
Burrow, T., Emeneau, M. B. (1984) “4824”, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN.