मा
Garhwali
[edit]Verb
[edit]मा (mā) (transitive)
- have
- मेमा यअक किताब न्ही च।
- memā yaak kitāb nhī ca.
- I don't have a book.
Nepali
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Ultimately from Sanskrit मध्य (madhya), cognate with Hindi में (mẽ).
Pronunciation
[edit]Postposition
[edit]मा • (mā)
Newar
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]मा • (mā) ? (Newa Spelling 𑐩𑐵)
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]- মা (Assamese script)
- ᬫᬵ (Balinese script)
- মা (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- မာ (Burmese script)
- મા (Gujarati script)
- ਮਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌮𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦩꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂧𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಮಾ (Kannada script)
- មា (Khmer script)
- ມາ (Lao script)
- മാ (Malayalam script)
- ᠮᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘦𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧆𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐵 (Newa script)
- ମା (Odia script)
- ꢪꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖯 (Siddham script)
- මා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩴𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚢𑚭 (Takri script)
- மா (Tamil script)
- మా (Telugu script)
- มา (Thai script)
- མཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨢𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Aryan *maH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *maH, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁ (prohibitive particle). Cognate with Albanian mo (“do not”), Ancient Greek μή (mḗ, “not, do not”), Old Armenian մի (mi, “no, not”), Avestan 𐬨𐬁 (mā), Old Persian 𐎶𐎠 (m-a /mā/) (whence Persian مـ (ma-)).[1]
Particle
[edit]मा • (mā́)
- don't (prohibitive particle)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Shortened from माम् (mā́m).
Pronoun
[edit]मा • (mā)
- (enclitic) accusative singular of अहम् (ahám)
Etymology 3
[edit]Onomatopoeic; compare मय (maya, “horse”) and मयु (mayu, “antelope, deer”), which are probably connected to the root, as well as similar formations throughout Indo-European such as Ancient Greek μῐνῠρῐ́ζω (minurízō, “to whimper, warble”).[2]
Root
[edit]मा • (mā)
Derived terms
[edit]- Primary Verbal Forms
- Non-Finite Forms
- मातवै (mātavai, Infinitive)
- Derived Nominal Forms
- मायु (māyú)
Etymology 4
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *maH-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *maH-, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁- (“to measure”).[3]
Root
[edit]मा • (mā)
- to measure
Derived terms
[edit]- Primary Verbal Forms
- Secondary Forms
- Non-Finite Forms
- Derived Nominal Forms
- Prefixed Root Forms
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 5
[edit]From the above root.
Noun
[edit]मा • (mā) stem, f (root मा)
Declension
[edit]Feminine ā-stem declension of मा (mā́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | माः mā́ḥ |
मौ / मा¹ maú / mā́¹ |
माः mā́ḥ |
Vocative | माः mā́ḥ |
मौ / मा¹ maú / mā́¹ |
माः mā́ḥ |
Accusative | माम् mā́m |
मौ / मा¹ maú / mā́¹ |
माः / मः² mā́ḥ / máḥ² |
Instrumental | मा mā́ |
माभ्याम् mā́bhyām |
माभिः mā́bhiḥ |
Dative | मे mé |
माभ्याम् mā́bhyām |
माभ्यः mā́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | मः máḥ |
माभ्याम् mā́bhyām |
माभ्यः mā́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | मः máḥ |
मोः móḥ |
मानाम् / माम्² mā́nām / mā́m² |
Locative | मि mí |
मोः móḥ |
मासु mā́su |
Notes |
|
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “मा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 804/1-2.
- William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 119
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 343
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 341
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][3] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 341-3
- Garhwali lemmas
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