मातृ

See also: मातें, मौत, मृत, मति, मत, माता, मूत, and मिति

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मातृ (mātṛ).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /mɑːt̪ɾ/, [mäːt̪ɾ]

Noun

मातृ • (mātŕ) f (Urdu spelling ماتر)

1. (literary, rare, usually used in compounds) mother

   Synonyms: माँ (mā̃), माता (mātā), मादर (mādar)

   Coordinate term: पितृ (pitŕ)

Derived terms

• मातृभूमि (mātŕbhūmi, “motherland”)
• मातृभाषा (mātŕbhāṣā, “mother tongue”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মাতৃ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬵᬢᬺ (Balinese script)
• মাতৃ (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰯𑰝𑰴 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀸𑀢𑀾 (Brahmi script)
• မာတၖ (Burmese script)
• માતૃ (Gujarati script)
• ਮਾਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌾𑌤𑍃 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦴꦠꦽ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂰𑂞𑃂 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಾತೃ (Kannada script)
• មាត្ឫ (Khmer script)
• ມາຕ຺ຣິ (Lao script)
• മാതൃ (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘰𑘝𑘵 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢗᢐᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧑𑦽𑧖 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐵𑐟𑐺 (Newa script)
• ମାତୃ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢵꢡꢺ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆳𑆠𑆸 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖯𑖝𑖴 (Siddham script)
• මාතෘ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩛𑩫𑩙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚭𑚙 (Takri script)
• மாத்ரி (Tamil script)
• మాతృ (Telugu script)
• มาตฺฤ (Thai script)
• མཱ་ཏྲྀ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒰𑒞𑒵 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨊𑨙𑨼𑨉 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *máHtā (“mother”), from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr (“mother”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (mātar), Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎠 (m-a-t-a /⁠mātā⁠/), Old Armenian մայր (mayr), Ancient Greek μήτηρ (mḗtēr), Old Church Slavonic мати (mati), Latin māter, Old English mōdor (whence English mother).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑː.tŕ̩/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mɑː.t̪r̩/

Noun

मातृ • (mātṛ́) stem, f

1. mother
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.55.5:

     सस्तु॑ मा॒ता सस्तु॑ पि॒ता सस्तु॒ श्वा सस्तु॑ वि॒श्पतिः॑।
     स॒सन्तु॒ सर्वे॑ ज्ञा॒तयः॒ सस्त्व॒यम॒भितो॒ जनः॑॥

     sástu mātā́ sástu pitā́ sástu śvā́ sástu viśpátiḥ.
     sasántu sárve jñātáyaḥ sástvayámabhíto jánaḥ.

     Let the mother sleep, let the father sleep, let the dog sleep, let the village chief sleep. Let all the kinsmen and all the people who are round about sleep.

Declension

Feminine ṛ-stem declension of मातृ

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	माता (mātā́)	मातरौ (mātárau) मातरा¹ (mātárā¹)	मातरः (mātáraḥ)
vocative	मातः (mā́taḥ)	मातरौ (mā́tarau) मातरा¹ (mā́tarā¹)	मातरः (mā́taraḥ)
accusative	मातरम् (mātáram)	मातरौ (mātárau) मातरा¹ (mātárā¹)	मातॄः (mātṝ́ḥ) मातरः (mātaraḥ)
instrumental	मात्रा (mātrā́)	मातृभ्याम् (mātṛ́bhyām)	मातृभिः (mātṛ́bhiḥ)
dative	मात्रे (mātré)	मातृभ्याम् (mātṛ́bhyām)	मातृभ्यः (mātṛ́bhyaḥ)
ablative	मातुः (mātúḥ)	मातृभ्याम् (mātṛ́bhyām)	मातृभ्यः (mātṛ́bhyaḥ)
genitive	मातुः (mātúḥ)	मात्रोः (mātróḥ)	मातॄणाम् (mātṝṇā́m)
locative	मातरि (mātári)	मात्रोः (mātróḥ)	मातृषु (mātṛ́ṣu)

• ¹Vedic

• the nom. pl. is used also as acc. pl. in the epics

Derived terms

• मातृभूमि (mātṛbhūmi, “motherland”)
• मातृका (mātṛkā)
• मातुःष्वसृ (mātuḥṣvasṛ)
• मातृभाषा (mātṛbhāṣā)
• मातृप्रेम (mātṛprema)

Descendants

• Assamese: মা (ma), মাঁ (mã), মাই (mai), মাও (maü)
• Bengali: মা (ma), মাঁ (mã)
• → Bengali: মাতা (mata)
• Burmese: မာံ
• → Burmese: မာတီ (mati)
• Dhivehi: މާމް (mām̊)
• → Dhivehi: މަންމަ (man̊ma)
• English: Maa, Mam
• Gujarati: મા (mā), માઁ (mām̐)
• → Gujarati: માતા (mātā)
• Hindi: माँ (mā̃), मां (mā̃)
• → Hindi: माता (mātā)
• Javanese: ꦩꦴꦀ (mām)
• → Javanese: ꦩꦴꦠꦴ (mātā)
• Kannada: ಮಾಁ
• → Kannada: ಮಾತೆ (māte)
• Kashmiri:
  • Sharada script: 𑆩𑆳𑆀 (mām̐)
  • Devanagari script: माँ (mām̐)
  • Arabic script: ماں
• → Kashmiri:
  • Sharada script: 𑆩𑆾𑆘 (moja), 𑆩𑆳𑆠𑆳 (mātā)
  • Devanagari script: मोज (mōj), माता (mātā)
  • Arabic script: ماتا (mātā), موج (mōj)
• Khmer: មាំ (mŏəm)
• → Khmer: ម្តាយ (mtaay)
• Malayalam: മാഁ (māഁ)
• → Malayalam: മാതാവ് (mātāvŭ), മാത (māta)
• Odia: ମାଁ (mā̃), ମା (mā)
• → Odia: ମାତା (mātā)
• Punjabi: ਮਾਁ, ਮਾਂ (mā̃)
• → Punjabi: ਮਾਤਾ (mātā)
• Pali: mātar
• Sinhalese: මාං (māṁ)
• → Sinhalese: මව (mawa)
• Telugu: మాఀ (mām̐)
• → Telugu: మాత (māta)
• Thai: แม่ (mɛ̂ɛ), มำ (mam), มา (maa)
• → Thai: มาตา, มารดา (maan-daa)
• Urdu: ماں (mā̃)
• → Urdu: ماتا (mātā)

Etymology 2

From the root मा (mā) +‎ -तृ (-tṛ).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑ́ː.tr̩/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mɑː.t̪r̩/

Noun

मातृ • (mā́tṛ) stem, m

1. one who measures
2. one who knows

Declension

Masculine ṛ-stem declension of मातृ

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	माता (mā́tā)	मातारौ (mā́tārau) मातारा¹ (mā́tārā¹)	मातारः (mā́tāraḥ)
vocative	मातः (mā́taḥ)	मातारौ (mā́tārau) मातारा¹ (mā́tārā¹)	मातारः (mā́tāraḥ)
accusative	मातारम् (mā́tāram)	मातारौ (mā́tārau) मातारा¹ (mā́tārā¹)	मातॄन् (mā́tṝn)
instrumental	मात्रा (mā́trā)	मातृभ्याम् (mā́tṛbhyām)	मातृभिः (mā́tṛbhiḥ)
dative	मात्रे (mā́tre)	मातृभ्याम् (mā́tṛbhyām)	मातृभ्यः (mā́tṛbhyaḥ)
ablative	मातुः (mā́tuḥ)	मातृभ्याम् (mā́tṛbhyām)	मातृभ्यः (mā́tṛbhyaḥ)
genitive	मातुः (mā́tuḥ)	मात्रोः (mā́troḥ)	मातॄणाम् (mā́tṝṇām)
locative	मातरि (mā́tari)	मात्रोः (mā́troḥ)	मातृषु (mā́tṛṣu)

• ¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मातृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 804, column 2.
• Monier Williams (1899) “मातृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 807, column 1.