मृत

See also: मत, मात, माता, मूत, मौत, मातृ, मातें, मति, माता, and मिति

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *mer-

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás

Sanskrit मृ॒त (mṛtá)lbor.

Hindi मृत (mŕt)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मृ॒त (mṛtá). Doublet of मुआ (muā) and मुरदा (murdā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /mɾɪt̪/

Adjective

मृत • (mŕt) (indeclinable)

1. dead, deceased

   Synonyms: मरा (marā), मुर्दा (murdā)

   Antonyms: ज़िंदा (zindā), जीवित (jīvit)

Related terms

• मृतप्राय (mŕtaprāy)
• मृत्यु (mŕtyu)

Further reading

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “मृत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *mer-

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás

Sanskrit मृ॒त (mṛtá)lbor.

Marathi मृत (mrut)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मृ॒त (mṛtá).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɾu.t̪ə/

Adjective

मृत • (mŕta)

1. dead, deceased

   Synonyms: मयत (mayat), मेलेले (melele), स्वर्गीय (svargīy), स्वर्गवासी (svargavāsī)

   Antonym: जिवंत (jivanta)

Derived terms

• मृत समुद्र (mŕta samudra, “dead sea”)

Related terms

• मृत्यू (mrutyū, “death”)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “मृत”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মৃত (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬺᬢ (Balinese script)
• মৃত (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰴𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀾𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• မၖတ (Burmese script)
• મૃત (Gujarati script)
• ਮ੍ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑍃𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦽꦠ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑃂𑂞 (Kaithi script)
• ಮೃತ (Kannada script)
• ម្ឫត (Khmer script)
• ມ຺ຣິຕ (Lao script)
• മൃത (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘵𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧖𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐺𑐟 (Newa script)
• ମୃତ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢺꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆸𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖴𑖝 (Siddham script)
• මෘත (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚙 (Takri script)
• ம்ரித (Tamil script)
• మృత (Telugu script)
• มฺฤต (Thai script)
• མྲྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒵𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨼𑨉𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *mer-

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás

Sanskrit मृ॒त (mṛtá)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás, from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós, from *mer- + *-tós. Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (mər^əta), Latin mortuus, Ancient Greek βροτός (brotós), Persian مرده (morde). By surface analysis, मृ (mṛ, root) +‎ -त (-ta).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mr̩.tɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mr̩.t̪ɐ/

Adjective

मृ॒त • (mṛtá) stem (root मृ)

1. dead, deceased
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.18.3:

     इ॒मे जी॒वा वि मृ॒तैर्आव॑वृत्र॒न्नभू॑द्भ॒द्रा दे॒वहू॑तिर्नो अ॒द्य।
     प्राञ्चो॑ अगाम नृ॒तये॒ हसा॑य॒ द्राघी॑य॒ आयुः॑ प्रत॒रं दधा॑नाः॥

     imé jīvā́ ví mṛtaírā́vavṛtrannábhūdbhadrā́ deváhūtirno adyá.
     prā́ñco agāma nṛtáye hásāya drā́ghīya ā́yuḥ prataráṃ dádhānāḥ.

     Divided from the dead are these, the living: now be our calling on the Gods successful.
     We have gone forth for dancing and for laughter, to further times prolonging our existence.

2. death-like, torpid, rigid
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
3. departed, vanished (as consciousness)
4. vain, useless
5. calcined, reduced (said of metals)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मृत

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मृतः (mṛtáḥ)	मृतौ (mṛtaú) मृता¹ (mṛtā́¹)	मृताः (mṛtā́ḥ) मृतासः¹ (mṛtā́saḥ¹)
accusative	मृतम् (mṛtám)	मृतौ (mṛtaú) मृता¹ (mṛtā́¹)	मृतान् (mṛtā́n)
instrumental	मृतेन (mṛténa)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृतैः (mṛtaíḥ) मृतेभिः¹ (mṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	मृताय (mṛtā́ya)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृतेभ्यः (mṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	मृतात् (mṛtā́t)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृतेभ्यः (mṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	मृतस्य (mṛtásya)	मृतयोः (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृतानाम् (mṛtā́nām)
locative	मृते (mṛté)	मृतयोः (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृतेषु (mṛtéṣu)
vocative	मृत (mṛ́ta)	मृतौ (mṛ́tau) मृता¹ (mṛ́tā¹)	मृताः (mṛ́tāḥ) मृतासः¹ (mṛ́tāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of मृता

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मृता (mṛtā́)	मृते (mṛté)	मृताः (mṛtā́ḥ)
accusative	मृताम् (mṛtā́m)	मृते (mṛté)	मृताः (mṛtā́ḥ)
instrumental	मृतया (mṛtáyā) मृता¹ (mṛtā́¹)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृताभिः (mṛtā́bhiḥ)
dative	मृतायै (mṛtā́yai)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृताभ्यः (mṛtā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	मृतायाः (mṛtā́yāḥ) मृतायै² (mṛtā́yai²)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृताभ्यः (mṛtā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	मृतायाः (mṛtā́yāḥ) मृतायै² (mṛtā́yai²)	मृतयोः (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृतानाम् (mṛtā́nām)
locative	मृतायाम् (mṛtā́yām)	मृतयोः (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृतासु (mṛtā́su)
vocative	मृते (mṛ́te)	मृते (mṛ́te)	मृताः (mṛ́tāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of मृत

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मृतम् (mṛtám)	मृते (mṛté)	मृतानि (mṛtā́ni) मृता¹ (mṛtā́¹)
accusative	मृतम् (mṛtám)	मृते (mṛté)	मृतानि (mṛtā́ni) मृता¹ (mṛtā́¹)
instrumental	मृतेन (mṛténa)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृतैः (mṛtaíḥ) मृतेभिः¹ (mṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	मृताय (mṛtā́ya)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृतेभ्यः (mṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	मृतात् (mṛtā́t)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृतेभ्यः (mṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	मृतस्य (mṛtásya)	मृतयोः (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृतानाम् (mṛtā́nām)
locative	मृते (mṛté)	मृतयोः (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृतेषु (mṛtéṣu)
vocative	मृत (mṛ́ta)	मृते (mṛ́te)	मृतानि (mṛ́tāni) मृता¹ (mṛ́tā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Related terms

• अ॒मृत॑ (amṛ́ta)

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀢 (mata)
  • Prakrit: 𑀫𑀅 (maa), 𑀫𑀼𑀅 (mua), 𑀫𑀬 (maya) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, 𑀫𑀴 (maḷa) — Māgadhī, 𑀫𑀼𑀤 (muda) — Śaurasenī (see there for further descendants)
• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀝 (maṭa)
  • Prakrit: 𑀫𑀟 (maḍa), 𑀫𑀴 (maḷa) — Māgadhī (see there for further descendants)
• Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨨𐨂𐨚 (muṭa)
• Gandhari: 𐨨𐨂𐨡 (muda)
• Niya Prakrit: 𐨨𐨃𐨡 (mṛda)
• Pali: mata

Borrowed terms

• → Bengali: মৃত (mrito)
• → Gujarati: મૃત (mŕt)
• → Hindi: मृत (mŕt) (learned)
• → Kannada: ಮೃತ (mṛta)
• → Khmer: ម្រឹត (mrɨt)
• → Marathi: मृत (mrut) (learned)
• → Tamil: மிருதம் (mirutam)

Noun

मृत • (mṛta) stem, n

1. death
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of मृत

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मृतम् (mṛtam)	मृते (mṛte)	मृतानि (mṛtāni)
accusative	मृतम् (mṛtam)	मृते (mṛte)	मृतानि (mṛtāni)
instrumental	मृतेन (mṛtena)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtābhyām)	मृतैः (mṛtaiḥ)
dative	मृताय (mṛtāya)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtābhyām)	मृतेभ्यः (mṛtebhyaḥ)
ablative	मृतात् (mṛtāt)	मृताभ्याम् (mṛtābhyām)	मृतेभ्यः (mṛtebhyaḥ)
genitive	मृतस्य (mṛtasya)	मृतयोः (mṛtayoḥ)	मृतानाम् (mṛtānām)
locative	मृते (mṛte)	मृतयोः (mṛtayoḥ)	मृतेषु (mṛteṣu)
vocative	मृत (mṛta)	मृते (mṛte)	मृतानि (mṛtāni)

Related terms

• मर॑ति (márati)
• मृ॒त्यु (mṛtyú)
• मर्त्य॑ (mártya)
• मर्त॑ (márta)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मृत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 827, column 2.