प्रतिमा

See also: प्रतिभा

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रतिमा (pratimā).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /pɾə.t̪ɪ.mɑː/, [pɾɐ.t̪ɪ.mäː]

Noun

प्रतिमा • (pratimā) f

statue, effigy, icon, idol
Synonyms: मुर्ती (murtī), मूरत (mūrat)

Declension

Declension of प्रतिमा (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	प्रतिमा pratimā	प्रतिमाएँ pratimāẽ
oblique	प्रतिमा pratimā	प्रतिमाओं pratimāõ
vocative	प्रतिमा pratimā	प्रतिमाओ pratimāo

Derived terms

प्रतिमापूजक (pratimāpūjak, “pagan”)
प्रतिमा आकार (pratimā ākār, “pattern, mould, model”)

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्रतिमा (pratimā).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pɾə.t̪i.ma/

Noun

प्रतिमा • (pratimā) f

image, figure

Declension

Declension of प्रतिमा (fem ā-stem)
direct singular	प्रतिमा pratimā
direct plural	प्रतिमा pratimā
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	प्रतिमा pratimā	प्रतिमा pratimā
oblique सामान्यरूप	प्रतिमे pratime	प्रतिमां- pratimān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	प्रतिमेला pratimelā	प्रतिमांना pratimānnā
ergative	प्रतिमेने, प्रतिमेनं pratimene, pratimena	प्रतिमांनी pratimānnī
instrumental	प्रतिमेशी pratimeśī	प्रतिमांशी pratimānśī
locative सप्तमी	प्रतिमेत pratimet	प्रतिमांत pratimāt
vocative संबोधन	प्रतिमे pratime	प्रतिमांनो pratimānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of प्रतिमा (fem ā-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	प्रतिमेचा pratimeċā	प्रतिमेचे pratimeċe	प्रतिमेची pratimecī	प्रतिमेच्या pratimecā	प्रतिमेचे, प्रतिमेचं pratimeċe, pratimeċa	प्रतिमेची pratimecī	प्रतिमेच्या pratimecā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	प्रतिमांचा pratimānċā	प्रतिमांचे pratimānċe	प्रतिमांची pratimāñcī	प्रतिमांच्या pratimāncā	प्रतिमांचे, प्रतिमांचं pratimānċe, pratimānċa	प्रतिमांची pratimāñcī	प्रतिमांच्या pratimāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “प्रतिमा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “प्रतिमा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “प्रतिमा”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “प्रतिमा”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

Old Gujarati

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रतिमा (pratimā).

Noun

प्रतिमा • (pratimā) f

image

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

প্ৰতিমা (Assamese script)
ᬧ᭄ᬭᬢᬶᬫᬵ (Balinese script)
প্রতিমা (Bengali script)
𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰝𑰰𑰦𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀢𑀺𑀫𑀸 (Brahmi script)
ပြတိမာ (Burmese script)
પ્રતિમા (Gujarati script)
ਪ੍ਰਤਿਮਾ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌤𑌿𑌮𑌾 (Grantha script)
ꦥꦿꦠꦶꦩꦴ (Javanese script)
𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂞𑂱𑂧𑂰 (Kaithi script)
ಪ್ರತಿಮಾ (Kannada script)
ប្រតិមា (Khmer script)
ປ຺ຣຕິມາ (Lao script)
പ്രതിമാ (Malayalam script)
ᢒᡵᠠᢠᡳᠮᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘝𑘱𑘦𑘰 (Modi script)
ᢒᠷᠠᢐᠢᠮᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑧂𑧠𑧈𑦽𑧒𑧆𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐟𑐶𑐩𑐵 (Newa script)
ପ୍ରତିମା (Odia script)
ꢦ꣄ꢬꢡꢶꢪꢵ (Saurashtra script)
𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆠𑆴𑆩𑆳 (Sharada script)
𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖝𑖰𑖦𑖯 (Siddham script)
ප්‍රතිමා (Sinhalese script)
𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩫𑩑𑩴𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚙𑚮𑚢𑚭 (Takri script)
ப்ரதிமா (Tamil script)
ప్రతిమా (Telugu script)
ปฺรติมา (Thai script)
པྲ་ཏི་མཱ (Tibetan script)
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞𑒱𑒧𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨙𑨁𑨢𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From प्रति (prati, “towards, facing”) +‎ मा (mā, “measure”). Compare प्रतिमिमीते (pratimimīte, “to imitate, make a copy”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɾɐ.ti.mɑ́ː/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pɾɐ.t̪i.mɑː/

Noun

प्रतिमा • (pratimā́) stem, f

a figure, image, likeness, model
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.130.3:
  कासी॑त्प्र॒मा प्र॑ति॒मा किं नि॒दान॒माज्यं॒ किमा॑सीत्परि॒धिः क आ॑सीत् ।
  छंदः॒ किमा॑सी॒त्प्रउ॑गं॒ किमु॒क्थं यद्दे॒वा दे॒वमय॑जंत॒ विश्वे॑ ॥
  kā́sītpramā́ pratimā́ kím nidā́namā́jyam kímāsītparidhíḥ ká āsīt.
  chándaḥ kímāsītpráügam kímukthám yáddevā́ devámáyajanta víśve.
  When all the deities worshipped the God, what were the rule, the order and the model? What were the wooden fender and the butter?
  What were the hymn, the chant, the recitation?
- c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 32.3:
  न तस्य प्रतिमाऽस्ति यस्य नाम महद्यशः ।
  na tasya pratimāʼsti yasya nāma mahadyaśaḥ.
  There is no likeness of Him; He whose glory is great
idol, statue
sample

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of प्रतिमा
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	प्रतिमा (pratimā́)	प्रतिमे (pratimé)	प्रतिमाः (pratimā́ḥ)
vocative	प्रतिमे (prátime)	प्रतिमे (prátime)	प्रतिमाः (prátimāḥ)
accusative	प्रतिमाम् (pratimā́m)	प्रतिमे (pratimé)	प्रतिमाः (pratimā́ḥ)
instrumental	प्रतिमया (pratimáyā) प्रतिमा¹ (pratimā́¹)	प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimā́bhyām)	प्रतिमाभिः (pratimā́bhiḥ)
dative	प्रतिमायै (pratimā́yai)	प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimā́bhyām)	प्रतिमाभ्यः (pratimā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	प्रतिमायाः (pratimā́yāḥ) प्रतिमायै² (pratimā́yai²)	प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimā́bhyām)	प्रतिमाभ्यः (pratimā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	प्रतिमायाः (pratimā́yāḥ) प्रतिमायै² (pratimā́yai²)	प्रतिमयोः (pratimáyoḥ)	प्रतिमानाम् (pratimā́nām)
locative	प्रतिमायाम् (pratimā́yām)	प्रतिमयोः (pratimáyoḥ)	प्रतिमासु (pratimā́su)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Derived terms

प्रतिमत्व (pratimatva), प्रतिमता (pratimatā, “reflection, image, shadow”)
प्रतिमापूजा (pratimāpūjā, “worship of images, idolatry”)
प्रतिमातव्य (pratimātavya, “comparable”)

Descendants

Pali: paṭimā
Prakrit: 𑀧𑀟𑀺𑀫𑀸 (paḍimā)
- Sinhalese: පිළිමය (piḷimaya, “statue, idol”)
- → Tamil: படிமம் (paṭimam, “image, example, model”)
→ Hindi: प्रतिमा (pratimā)
→ Kannada: ಪ್ರತಿಮೆ (pratime)
→ Old Gujarati: प्रतिमा (pratimā)
→ Tamil: பிரதிமை (piratimai)

Noun

प्रतिमा • (pratimā) stem, m

Declension

Masculine ā-stem declension of प्रतिमा
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	प्रतिमा (pratimā)	प्रतिमे (pratime)	प्रतिमाः (pratimāḥ)
vocative	प्रतिमे (pratime)	प्रतिमे (pratime)	प्रतिमाः (pratimāḥ)
accusative	प्रतिमाम् (pratimām)	प्रतिमे (pratime)	प्रतिमाः (pratimāḥ)
instrumental	प्रतिमया (pratimayā) प्रतिमा¹ (pratimā¹)	प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimābhyām)	प्रतिमाभिः (pratimābhiḥ)
dative	प्रतिमायै (pratimāyai)	प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimābhyām)	प्रतिमाभ्यः (pratimābhyaḥ)
ablative	प्रतिमायाः (pratimāyāḥ) प्रतिमायै² (pratimāyai²)	प्रतिमाभ्याम् (pratimābhyām)	प्रतिमाभ्यः (pratimābhyaḥ)
genitive	प्रतिमायाः (pratimāyāḥ) प्रतिमायै² (pratimāyai²)	प्रतिमयोः (pratimayoḥ)	प्रतिमानाम् (pratimānām)
locative	प्रतिमायाम् (pratimāyām)	प्रतिमयोः (pratimayoḥ)	प्रतिमासु (pratimāsu)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

References

Monier Williams (1899) “प्रतिमा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 669.