मास्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• मस् (mas) — only in चन्द्रमस् (candramas)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মাস্ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬵᬲ᭄ (Balinese script)
• মাস্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰯𑰭𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• မာသ် (Burmese script)
• માસ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਮਾਸ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌾𑌸𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦴꦱ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂰𑂮𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಾಸ್ (Kannada script)
• មាស៑ (Khmer script)
• ມາສ຺ (Lao script)
• മാസ് (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘰𑘭𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢗᠰ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧑𑧍𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐵𑐳𑑂 (Newa script)
• ମାସ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢵꢱ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆳𑆱𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖯𑖭𑖿 (Siddham script)
• මාස් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩛𑪁 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚭𑚨𑚶 (Takri script)
• மாஸ் (Tamil script)
• మాస్ (Telugu script)
• มาสฺ (Thai script)
• མཱ་ས྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒰𑒮𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨊𑨰𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́Has (“moon, month”), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬂𐬢𐬵 (måŋh, “moon, month”), Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐏃 (m-a-h /⁠māha⁠/) (whence Persian ماه (mâh)), Latin mēnsis, Ancient Greek μείς (meís), Old English mōna (whence English moon), mōnaþ (whence English month).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑ́ːs/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mɑːs̪/

Noun

मास् • (mā́s) stem, m

1. the moon
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.12.7:

     यस्मिन् देवा विदथे मादयन्ते विवस्वतः सदने धारयन्ते ।
     सूर्ये ज्योतिर् अदधुर् मास्य् अक्तून् परि द्योतनिं चरतो अजस्रा ॥

     yasmin devā vidathe mādayante vivasvataḥ sadane dhārayante.
     sūrye jyotir adadhur māsy aktūn pari dyotaniṃ carato ajasrā.

     They in the synod where the Gods rejoice them, where they are seated in Vivasvān's dwelling,
     Have given the Moon his beams, the Sun his splendour-the Two unweariedly maintain their brightness.

2. a month
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.91.2:

     उशन्ता दूता न दभाय गोपा मासश् च पाथः शरदश् च पूर्वीः ।
     इन्द्र-वायू सुष्टुतिर् वाम् इयाना मार्डीकम् ईट्टे सुवितं च नव्यम् ॥

     uśantā dūtā na dabhāya gopā māsaś ca pāthaḥ śaradaś ca pūrvīḥ.
     indra-vāyū suṣṭutir vām iyānā mārḍīkam īṭṭe suvitaṃ ca navyam.

     Guardians infallible, eager as envoys' preserve us safe through many months and autumns.
     Addressed to you, our fair praise, Indra-Vāyu, implores your favour and renewed well-being.

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of मास्

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	माः (mā́ḥ)	मासौ (mā́sau) मासा¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासः (mā́saḥ)
vocative	माः (mā́ḥ)	मासौ (mā́sau) मासा¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासः (mā́saḥ)
accusative	मासम् (mā́sam)	मासौ (mā́sau) मासा¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासः (māsáḥ)
instrumental	मासा (māsā́)	माद्भ्याम् (mādbhyā́m)	माद्भिः (mādbhíḥ)
dative	मासे (māsé)	माद्भ्याम् (mādbhyā́m)	माद्भ्यः (mādbhyáḥ)
ablative	मासः (māsáḥ)	माद्भ्याम् (mādbhyā́m)	माद्भ्यः (mādbhyáḥ)
genitive	मासः (māsáḥ)	मासोः (māsóḥ)	मासाम् (māsā́m)
locative	मासि (māsí)	मासोः (māsóḥ)	माःसु (māḥsú) मास्सु (māssú)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• चन्द्रमास् (candrámās)

Related terms

• मास (mā́sa)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मास्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0814/3.