Count
|
Entry
|
Sources
|
8
|
piirama
|
curtail, limit, piiraja, piiramine, piirang, piiratus, piire, piirik
|
7
|
rehi
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/riihi, Rehi, Riga, barn, rehekuu, riihi, rija
|
6
|
ahter
|
aft, bottom, butt, pepu, perse, stern
|
6
|
häbi
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/häpü, disgrace, häbü, häpeä, häppiiä, shame
|
6
|
kibe
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kipedä, acid, bitter, kipeä, kipinä, kippiä
|
6
|
pööripäev
|
autumnal equinox, equinox, solstice, summer solstice, vernal equinox, winter solstice
|
6
|
tagumik
|
behind, bottom, butt, buttock, pepu, perse
|
6
|
vats
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vacca, belly, vatsa, vattsa, vačču
|
5
|
kargama
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kargait'ak, karata, keppima, nikkuma, nussima
|
5
|
karv
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/karva, hair, karva, karvane
|
5
|
katel
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kattila, boiler, cauldron, kattila, pada
|
5
|
kemps
|
kemmerg, peldik, toilet, tualett, veetsee
|
5
|
keppija
|
fucker, kepp, nikkuja, nikkur, nussija
|
5
|
kura
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kura, Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gurą, kura, kurat, kuri
|
5
|
magun
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/makъ, aguona, corn poppy, maho, poppy
|
5
|
milline
|
millain, millainen, miltain, what, which
|
5
|
paar
|
Appendix:Poker hands, couple, pair, pōr, pōŗ
|
5
|
pühkima
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pühkidäk, broom, pyyhkiä, sweep
|
5
|
säinas
|
Sǟnag, heeringas, ide, säyne, őn
|
5
|
sõel
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sekla, seegla, seula, sieve, sõelluu
|
5
|
täpne
|
accurate, detailed, exact, precise, surgical
|
5
|
vahva
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vahva, Vahur, bold, brave, vahva
|
4
|
ahne
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ahneh, gluttonous, greedy, voracious
|
4
|
ekskrement
|
excrementum, kaka, sitt, stool
|
4
|
kiirtee
|
freeway, highway, maantee, tee
|
4
|
kiisk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kiiski, küsz, ruffe, ķīsis
|
4
|
koger
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kokri, crucian carp, kogõr, kouri
|
4
|
korp
|
kaaren, korppi, raven, scab
|
4
|
kukkuma
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kukkudak, fall, kukistaa
|
4
|
kutsuma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kuccudak, call, invite, kutse
|
4
|
käimla
|
peldik, toilet, tualett, veetsee
|
4
|
kõrvaklapid
|
earphone, earphones, headphone, headphones
|
4
|
kürb
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kürpä, kyrpä, peenis, penis
|
4
|
lõng
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lanka, lanka, thread, yarn
|
4
|
lüpsma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lüpsädäk, lypsiä, lypsää, milk
|
4
|
maksma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/maksadak, cost, maks, pay
|
4
|
muda
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/muta, mud, muta, мода
|
4
|
märkama
|
märkima, note, notice, tähele panema
|
4
|
mõistatus
|
enigma, problem, puzzle, riddle
|
4
|
neitsi
|
maiden, neitsinahk, neitsyt, virgin
|
4
|
nokk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nokka, beak, n'okka, nokka
|
4
|
noot
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nootta, nootta, note, nuotta
|
4
|
nõel
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nekla, needle, neegla, neula
|
4
|
pisut
|
a little, little, trifle, vähe
|
4
|
post
|
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/post, mail, post, post office
|
4
|
radokuu
|
hundikuu, radokuu, sudenkuu, veebruar
|
4
|
siig
|
Sīkrõg, common whitefish, whitefish, сиг
|
4
|
sviiter
|
jumper, kampsun, pullover, sweater
|
4
|
särg
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/särki, roach, särki, сэрьге
|
4
|
sõba
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sopa, soba, sobima, sopa
|
4
|
sõnnik
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sonta, dung, manure, sonta
|
4
|
taguots
|
bottom, butt, pepu, perse
|
4
|
taigen
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/taikina, Teig, dough, taigin
|
4
|
tasane
|
quiet, tasa, tasand, tasandik
|
4
|
teder
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tetri, black grouse, grouse, teeri
|
4
|
too
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/too, he/translations, soo
|
4
|
tugi
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tuki, support, tugitool, tuki
|
4
|
tuss
|
cunt, pussy, twat, vitt
|
4
|
vaja
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vajaga, vajaa, vajadzēt, või
|
4
|
vang
|
captive, prisoner, vangla, vanko
|
4
|
vapsik
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vapsa-, Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wapsō, hornet, vaapsahainen
|
4
|
veidi
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, a little, trifle, vähe
|
4
|
venima
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/venüdäk, vennua, venyä, venyö
|
4
|
viik
|
crease, draw, fig, tie
|
4
|
vurrkann
|
gasing, spinning top, top, vurr
|
4
|
väljak
|
court, field, plaza, square
|
4
|
väljuma
|
alight, exit, go out, väli
|
4
|
äratuskell
|
alarm, alarm clock, herätyskello, ärkama
|
3
|
Birma
|
Burma, Myanmar, ဗမာ
|
3
|
Dorotea
|
Tea, Tiiu, Δωροθέα
|
3
|
Gregor
|
Gregor, Reigo, Reio
|
3
|
Henrik
|
Hendrik, Henn, Hindrek
|
3
|
Holland
|
Holland, Madalmaad, Netherlands
|
3
|
Johan
|
Jass, Jukk, Juss
|
3
|
Karjala
|
Karelia, Karjal, Karjala-Soome NSV
|
3
|
Kuu
|
Appendix:Planets, Moon, kuu
|
3
|
LAV
|
RSA, Republic of South Africa, South Africa
|
3
|
Peipsi
|
Chudskoye, Peipsi, Peipus
|
3
|
abiline
|
assistant, help, helper
|
3
|
adessiiv
|
adessive, adessive case, alalütlev
|
3
|
ahm
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ahma, ahma, wolverine
|
3
|
ahnus
|
avarice, gluttony, greed
|
3
|
aita
|
aituma, aitäh, aitüma
|
3
|
allatiiv
|
alaleütlev, allative, allative case
|
3
|
alumine
|
-mine, alomanõ, alumine ninakarbik
|
3
|
alustama
|
begin, launch, open
|
3
|
ammu
|
ammo, ammoin, ó
|
3
|
apetiit
|
appetite, appetitus, isu
|
3
|
auhind
|
au, award, prize
|
3
|
avaldus
|
declaration, request, statement
|
3
|
eestlanna
|
-nna, Estonian, eestlane
|
3
|
ehitus
|
building, ehitama, ehitüs
|
3
|
elektrivool
|
current, electric current, electricity
|
3
|
erakordne
|
banner, extraordinary, rare
|
3
|
ettepanek
|
opinion, proposal, suggestion
|
3
|
ettevaatlik
|
careful, cautious, circumspect
|
3
|
haldjas
|
elf, fairy, haltija
|
3
|
hei
|
hei, hey, hi
|
3
|
hilja
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hilja, late, vara
|
3
|
hirs
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hirci, hersi, hirsi
|
3
|
hulk
|
crowd, quantity, set
|
3
|
härm
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/härmä, harmi, härmä
|
3
|
hüvasti
|
adieu, farewell, head aega
|
3
|
hüään
|
hyena, tsiibethüään, ὕαινα
|
3
|
ilge
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ilkeda, ilkeä, ilkiä
|
3
|
illatiiv
|
illative, illative case, sisseütlev
|
3
|
ilmutus
|
Apocalypse, apocalypse, vision
|
3
|
imeline
|
ime, miraculous, wonderful
|
3
|
istmik
|
bottom, butt, pärak
|
3
|
jalakas
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/jalaga, elm, jalava
|
3
|
jumalateenistus
|
church, church service, service
|
3
|
järjestama
|
line, order, sort
|
3
|
jäätmed
|
garbage, junk, rämps
|
3
|
kaaslane
|
companion, date, fellow
|
3
|
kadu
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/kaďa-, kaduma, kato
|
3
|
kaelus
|
collar, kagluz, neck
|
3
|
kaheksakümnes
|
eightieth, kaheksakümmend, kaheksaskymmenäs
|
3
|
kahur
|
Appendix:Chess pieces, cannon, rook
|
3
|
kaki
|
kaka, persimmon, sitt
|
3
|
kaljutuvi
|
kalju, rock dove, tuvi
|
3
|
kangas
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kangas, fabric, kangas
|
3
|
kantsel
|
Kanzel, chancel, pulpit
|
3
|
kargaja
|
nikkuja, nikkur, nussija
|
3
|
kartma
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/karttadak, fear
|
3
|
karulauk
|
Allium ursinum, küüslauk, ramsons
|
3
|
kasukas
|
fur, fur coat, kask
|
3
|
kasutu
|
cumberground, futile, wretched
|
3
|
keelama
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/keeltädäk, forbid, proscribe
|
3
|
keer
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/keero, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/keerä, keerama
|
3
|
kiikhobu
|
kiik, kiikuma, rocking horse
|
3
|
kiikhobune
|
kiik, kiikuma, rocking horse
|
3
|
kiiritus
|
irradiation, kiirgus, radiation
|
3
|
kimalane
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kimalainen, bumblebee, kimalain
|
3
|
kimp
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kimppu, bouquet, kimppu
|
3
|
kinnas
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kindas, cimds, kinnas
|
3
|
koguma
|
-m, collect, gather
|
3
|
kohtuotsus
|
court order, sentence, verdict
|
3
|
koidik
|
agu, koit, sunrise
|
3
|
koiliblikas
|
clothes moth, koi, ööliblikas
|
3
|
koinija
|
nikkuja, nikkur, nussija
|
3
|
koinima
|
keppima, nikkuma, nussima
|
3
|
koirohi
|
absinthe, koi, wormwood
|
3
|
komitatiiv
|
comitative, comitative case, kaasaütlev
|
3
|
kopulatsioon
|
copulation, paarituma, paaritumine
|
3
|
kostüüm
|
Kostüm, costume, suit
|
3
|
krevett
|
crevette, prawn, shrimp
|
3
|
kuju
|
shape, statue, tähtkuju
|
3
|
kukkur
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/kökexür, kukkaro, purse
|
3
|
kurikas
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kurikka, battledore, kurikka
|
3
|
kurivara
|
kahjurvara, pahavara, ründevara
|
3
|
kuuekümnes
|
kuuskümmend, kuuvveskymmenäs, sixtieth
|
3
|
kämmal
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kämmen, kämmen, palm
|
3
|
kärp
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kärppä, ermine, kärppä
|
3
|
kärss
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kärsä, kärsä, snout
|
3
|
kätki
|
cradle, kätkyt, kätyt
|
3
|
käärima
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kääridäk, ferment, kääriä
|
3
|
kääv
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/cěva, Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/cěvь, käämi
|
3
|
kõhn
|
kehno, lahja, thin
|
3
|
kündma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/küntädäk, kyntää, plough
|
3
|
küü
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/küü, kyy, гуй
|
3
|
ladu
|
lato, store, warehouse
|
3
|
lapselapselaps
|
great-grandchild, great-granddaughter, great-grandson
|
3
|
lauljanna
|
-nna, laul, singer
|
3
|
lauljatar
|
-tar, laul, singer
|
3
|
lausuma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lausudak, lause, lausua
|
3
|
leelis
|
alkali, leelismetall, leelismuldmetall
|
3
|
leil
|
Leili, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/leülü, löyly
|
3
|
leping
|
agreement, contract, treaty
|
3
|
ligi
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/liki, approximately, liki
|
3
|
lima
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lima, mucus, slime
|
3
|
lisa
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lisä, annex, lisä
|
3
|
loid
|
loikoa, lojua, passive
|
3
|
läte
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/läktek, lähde, lähe
|
3
|
mage
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/makeda, magei, maikkia
|
3
|
mandariinipuu
|
mandariin, mandarin orange, tangerine
|
3
|
metskits
|
kaber, kits, roe deer
|
3
|
miilits
|
cop, militia, militsia
|
3
|
moment
|
aeg, minute, moment
|
3
|
mootor
|
engine, mootorratas, motor
|
3
|
mängima
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, mäng, play
|
3
|
mäss
|
rebellion, revolt, uprising
|
3
|
mõistus
|
aju, brain, mind
|
3
|
mõrvama
|
assassinate, murder, mõrv
|
3
|
mügri
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mükrä, myyrä, vole
|
3
|
naeris
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nakris, nauris, turnip
|
3
|
narkomaan
|
drug addict, narkar, narkomaania
|
3
|
narkootikum
|
drug, narcotic, narkomaania
|
3
|
natuke
|
nats, trifle, vähe
|
3
|
neljakümnes
|
fortieth, nelikümmend, neljäskymmenäs
|
3
|
niitma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/niittädäk, niit, scythe
|
3
|
normaal
|
normaaljaotus, normaalselt, normal
|
3
|
normaalsus
|
normaalselt, normalcy, normality
|
3
|
nupp
|
button, chess piece, man/translations
|
3
|
nurm
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nurmi, field, nurmi
|
3
|
nõgi
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/noki, nogi, noki
|
3
|
osa võtma
|
partake, participate, take part
|
3
|
osalema
|
partake, participate, take part
|
3
|
papp
|
cardboard, pope, попъ
|
3
|
peel
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/peeli, ajtófél, pieli
|
3
|
piiritlema
|
border, circumscribe, determine
|
3
|
piss
|
kusi, pee, wee-wee
|
3
|
plaan
|
plaanu, plan, sõiduplaan
|
3
|
pohl
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/poola, buolu, lingonberry
|
3
|
poliitiline
|
poliitik, poliitika, political
|
3
|
poliitvang
|
poliitik, poliitika, political prisoner
|
3
|
politoloogia
|
poliitik, poliitika, political science
|
3
|
politseinik
|
ment, police officer, speed bump
|
3
|
pragu
|
crack, gap, rako
|
3
|
pullover
|
jumper, kampsun, pullover
|
3
|
punuma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/punodak, pleach, punoa
|
3
|
putš
|
coup d'état, putsch, riigipööre
|
3
|
pähklipuu
|
hazel, pähkel, walnut
|
3
|
pöid
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/peütä, jalalaba, metatarsus
|
3
|
rahakott
|
kott, purse, wallet
|
3
|
rakuõpetus
|
cytology, rakubioloogia, tsütoloogia
|
3
|
ringristmik
|
ringtee, ristmik, roundabout
|
3
|
rokk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rokka, rock music, rokka
|
3
|
romaan
|
novel, novell, roman
|
3
|
rooste
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/roostek, ruoste, rust
|
3
|
räpane
|
dirty, hukas, unclean
|
3
|
röövik
|
caterpillar, koi, liblikas
|
3
|
rüüstama
|
loot, pillage, ryöstää
|
3
|
saarmas
|
European otter, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sagarva, otter
|
3
|
saatan
|
devil, kurat, põrgu
|
3
|
sadul
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/satula, saddle, satula
|
3
|
salu
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/salo, sala, salk
|
3
|
sau
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sauva, baton, sauva
|
3
|
seadma
|
configure, seadus, säätää
|
3
|
seitsmekümnes
|
seitsekümmend, seitsemäskymmenäs, seventieth
|
3
|
sohilaps
|
bastard, love child, natural child
|
3
|
soomus
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/soomu, scale, suomu
|
3
|
sula
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sula, Sulev, sula
|
3
|
sulepea
|
fountain pen, pen, sulg
|
3
|
suusk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/suksi, ski, suksi
|
3
|
sõit
|
-tama, sõiduplaan, sõiduriist
|
3
|
sõltuma
|
depend, sõltlane, sõltuvus
|
3
|
sõrg
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sorka, claw, sorkka
|
3
|
sõstar
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sestar, currant, siestar
|
3
|
süsimust
|
coal black, must, pitch-black
|
3
|
taandama
|
cancel, reduce, taga
|
3
|
tael
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/takla, käsn, taula
|
3
|
taevasinine
|
azure, sinine, sky blue
|
3
|
taibutelefon
|
nutitelefon, smartphone, telefon
|
3
|
takistama
|
hamper, hinder, interfere
|
3
|
takistus
|
obstacle, piirang, problem
|
3
|
temp
|
prank, temppu, trick
|
3
|
toibuma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/toipudak, toipua, toitma
|
3
|
trahter
|
bar/translations, inn, pub
|
3
|
trepp
|
stair, staircase, stairs
|
3
|
tukkuma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nukkudak, Tukāmō, nukkua
|
3
|
tursk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/turska, Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þurskaz, cod
|
3
|
tussu
|
pussy, vagiina, wee-wee
|
3
|
tuur
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tuura, icepick, tuura
|
3
|
tähtaeg
|
date, deadline, time limit
|
3
|
tõke
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/togeh, barrier, piirang
|
3
|
tõstma
|
-k, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nostadak, elevate
|
3
|
tõug
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/touko, kind, touko
|
3
|
tühistama
|
abolish, cancel, revoke
|
3
|
türann
|
bully, tyrant, türannia
|
3
|
udar
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/udar, udder, utare
|
3
|
ulatus
|
magnitude, reach, scope
|
3
|
urm
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hurma, Urmas, hurma
|
3
|
ustav
|
faithful, loyal, ystävä
|
3
|
vabastamine
|
liberation, vabastama, vacation
|
3
|
vabatahtlik
|
vabatahtlikult, volunteer, willing
|
3
|
vaga
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vaka, vaka, vakaa
|
3
|
vahend
|
instrument, pesuvahend, tool
|
3
|
vaprus
|
bravery, courage, vapper
|
3
|
varustus
|
equipment, supply, veevarustus
|
3
|
vasak
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/wasa, left
|
3
|
veatu
|
faultless, flawless, pure
|
3
|
verb
|
pöördsõna, tegusõna, verb
|
3
|
viibima
|
stay, tarry, viimane
|
3
|
viiekümnes
|
fiftieth, viijeskymmenäs, viiskümmend
|
3
|
vool
|
electricity, flow, voolik
|
3
|
väljaheide
|
kaka, sitt, stool
|
3
|
väärtusetu
|
kallis, worthless, wretched
|
3
|
võrdpäevsus
|
autumnal equinox, equinox, vernal equinox
|
3
|
üheksakümnes
|
ninetieth, yheksäskymmenäs, üheksakümmend
|
3
|
ülestõus
|
revolt, uprising, üles
|
3
|
žetoon
|
chip, coin, token
|
2
|
-b
|
-vi, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-pi
|
2
|
-keseke
|
-ke, -kene
|
2
|
-kesekene
|
-ke, -kene
|
2
|
-nema
|
-eta, piirnema
|
2
|
-ur
|
kaevur, rändur
|
2
|
Aadolf
|
Aadu, Ado
|
2
|
Abhaasia
|
Abhaasi NSV, Abkhazia
|
2
|
Allah
|
Allah, الله
|
2
|
Bartolomeus
|
Bartholomaeus, Bartholomew
|
2
|
Bütsants
|
Byzantine Empire, Byzantium
|
2
|
Ceres
|
Appendix:Planets, Ceres
|
2
|
Eedeni aed
|
Garden of Eden, aed
|
2
|
Elisabeth
|
Eliisabet, Elis
|
2
|
Esra raamat
|
Esdras, Ezra
|
2
|
Gertrud
|
Kelli, Ruut
|
2
|
Harald
|
Haraldr, Hotel
|
2
|
Hedvig
|
Hedi, Helve
|
2
|
Hoosea
|
Hosea, Hoseas
|
2
|
Ivan
|
Ivo, Иван
|
2
|
Karjala Vabariik
|
Karjala-Soome NSV, Republic of Karelia
|
2
|
Kaubo
|
Iacobus, Kauppi
|
2
|
Kaukaasia
|
Caucasus, Καύκασος
|
2
|
Klaus
|
Nigulas, Niilo
|
2
|
Kongo DV
|
Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo
|
2
|
Laus
|
Nigulas, Niilo
|
2
|
Lõuna-Aafrika
|
South Africa, Southern Africa
|
2
|
Magdaleena
|
Made, Madli
|
2
|
Makedoonia Vabariik
|
Macedonia, Republic of Macedonia
|
2
|
Markion
|
Marcion, Μαρκίων
|
2
|
New York
|
-lane, New York City
|
2
|
Niilas
|
Nigulas, Niilo
|
2
|
Pardilinn
|
Duckburg, Piilupart Donald
|
2
|
Peipsi järv
|
Chudskoye, Peipus
|
2
|
Pihkva
|
Pskov, Пльсковъ
|
2
|
Pireus
|
Πειραεύς, Πειραιεύς
|
2
|
Päästearmee
|
Salvation Army, armee
|
2
|
Rooma riik
|
Roman Empire, Rooma
|
2
|
SRÜ
|
CIS, Commonwealth of Independent States
|
2
|
Sa
|
sa, you/translations
|
2
|
Sakarja
|
Zachary, Zechariah
|
2
|
Saksa DV
|
East Germany, GDR
|
2
|
Serbia
|
Serbia, serblane
|
2
|
Skandinaavia
|
Scandinavia, Scandinavian Peninsula
|
2
|
Sparta
|
Sparta, Σπάρτη
|
2
|
Styx
|
Styx, Στύξ
|
2
|
Suur Peni
|
Canis Major, peni
|
2
|
Suur Vanker
|
Big Dipper, Ursa Major
|
2
|
Suurbritannia ja Põhja-Iiri Ühendkuningriik
|
United Kingdom, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
|
2
|
Tadžikistan
|
Tadžiki NSV, Tajikistan
|
2
|
Taiwan
|
Republic of China, Taiwan
|
2
|
Tema Kõrgeausus
|
Her Highness, His Highness
|
2
|
Tema Majesteet
|
Her Majesty, His Majesty
|
2
|
Theseus
|
Theseus, Θησεύς
|
2
|
Trinidad ja Tobago
|
Tobago, Trinidad
|
2
|
Türgi Vabariik
|
Republic of Turkey, Republic of Türkiye
|
2
|
Türkmenistan
|
Turkmeeni NSV, Turkmenistan
|
2
|
USA Neitsisaared
|
US Virgin Islands, United States Virgin Islands
|
2
|
Vana-Rooma
|
Ancient Rome, Rooma
|
2
|
Washington
|
Washington, Washington, D.C.
|
2
|
aabitsaraamat
|
aabits, primer
|
2
|
aastakümned
|
Appendix:Units of time, decade
|
2
|
abajas
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/apaja, inlet
|
2
|
abessiiv
|
abessive, ilmaütlev
|
2
|
abivalmis
|
helpful, obliging
|
2
|
ablatiiv
|
ablative case, alaltütlev
|
2
|
adverb
|
adverb, määrsõna
|
2
|
aedvili
|
köögivili, vegetable/translations
|
2
|
aevastus
|
aevastama, sneeze
|
2
|
agan
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/akana, akana
|
2
|
ah
|
aah, ah
|
2
|
ahav
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ahava, ahava
|
2
|
ahel
|
chain, path
|
2
|
aher
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ahtera, thin
|
2
|
ahta
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ahtas, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/aktadak
|
2
|
ainuke
|
only, sole
|
2
|
ajajärk
|
aeg, epoch
|
2
|
ajakava
|
schedule, timetable
|
2
|
ajakirjandus
|
journalism, press
|
2
|
ajastu
|
aeg, era
|
2
|
ajavahemik
|
aeg, window
|
2
|
ajend
|
cause, reason
|
2
|
ajusild
|
pons, sild
|
2
|
aktiiv
|
active, active voice
|
2
|
aktiivne
|
aktiveerima, top
|
2
|
aktsent
|
accent, accentus
|
2
|
akumulaator
|
aku, battery
|
2
|
akusatiiv
|
accusative, sihitav
|
2
|
alamsaksa
|
Low German, alamsaksa keel
|
2
|
alastiolek
|
nakedness, nudity
|
2
|
albaania
|
Albanian, albaania keel
|
2
|
algarv
|
prime, prime number
|
2
|
algoritm
|
algorismus, algorithm
|
2
|
alkohoolik
|
alcoholic, drunk
|
2
|
alla laadima
|
download, tõmbama
|
2
|
allohvitser
|
non-commissioned officer, petty officer
|
2
|
altar
|
altar, altare
|
2
|
aluspesu
|
pesu, underwear
|
2
|
ameerika
|
American, ameerika jalgpall
|
2
|
anaalne
|
anal, pärak
|
2
|
analüüs
|
analysis, analīz
|
2
|
andeks
|
sorry, vabandust
|
2
|
andestust
|
sorry, vabandust
|
2
|
anekdoot
|
anecdote, joke
|
2
|
anšoovis
|
anchovy, ansjovis
|
2
|
apama
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/appadak, appaa
|
2
|
apteek
|
apotheca, pharmacy
|
2
|
araabia
|
Arab, Arabic
|
2
|
arahhis
|
maapähkel, peanut
|
2
|
arahhispähkel
|
maapähkel, peanut
|
2
|
areng
|
development, progress
|
2
|
aruanne
|
account, report
|
2
|
arvamus
|
idea, opinion
|
2
|
arvutaja
|
arvutama, computer
|
2
|
aserbaidžaanlane
|
Azerbaijani, aser
|
2
|
atmosfääriline
|
atmosfäär, atmospheric
|
2
|
autasu
|
au, reward
|
2
|
autobuss
|
bus/translations, buss
|
2
|
autojuht
|
chauffeur, driver
|
2
|
baas
|
base, basis
|
2
|
baklažaan
|
eggplant, баклажан
|
2
|
bandiit
|
bandit, gangster
|
2
|
bensiinijaam
|
bensiin, gas station
|
2
|
bensiinipaak
|
bensiin, gas tank
|
2
|
biifsteek
|
beefsteak, steak
|
2
|
britt
|
British, Briton
|
2
|
brošüür
|
booklet, brochure
|
2
|
diktor
|
announcer, newscaster
|
2
|
diskoteek
|
disco, discotheque
|
2
|
dollar
|
Ameerika Ühendriikide dollar, dollar
|
2
|
düün
|
dune, luide
|
2
|
ebamäärane
|
elusive, vague
|
2
|
edasi lükkama
|
postpone, prolong
|
2
|
edendama
|
advance, promote
|
2
|
eelmainitud
|
above-mentioned, abovesaid
|
2
|
ehitaja
|
builder, ehitama
|
2
|
elatiiv
|
elative, seestütlev
|
2
|
elektritool
|
electric chair, tool
|
2
|
element
|
element, entry
|
2
|
ellips
|
ellipse, ellipsis
|
2
|
elustamine
|
cardiopulmonary resuscitation, resuscitation
|
2
|
eneserahuldamine
|
masturbeerima, masturbeerimine
|
2
|
eneserahuldamisega tegelema
|
masturbate, masturbeerima
|
2
|
enesetapja
|
enesetapp, suicide
|
2
|
enesetapmine
|
enesetapp, vabasurm
|
2
|
ennast rahuldama
|
masturbate, masturbeerima
|
2
|
ennustus
|
prediction, prognosis
|
2
|
entelehhia
|
entelechy, ἐντελέχεια
|
2
|
epohh
|
aeg, epoch
|
2
|
erakond
|
era-, political party
|
2
|
eraldama
|
detach, segregate
|
2
|
eraldi
|
era-, eri
|
2
|
eramaja
|
era-, eramu
|
2
|
esialgne
|
initial, tentative
|
2
|
esindaja
|
deputy, representative
|
2
|
esinema
|
-mine, occur
|
2
|
essiiv
|
essive, olev
|
2
|
etapp
|
aeg, stage
|
2
|
etikett
|
etiquette, label
|
2
|
ettekujutus
|
imagination, view
|
2
|
ettevõte
|
company, enterprise
|
2
|
evolutsiooniline
|
evolutionary, evolutsioon
|
2
|
faas
|
Phase, phase
|
2
|
fanaatik
|
fanatic, zealot
|
2
|
fekaal
|
kaka, sitt
|
2
|
fenkol
|
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fenukl, fennel
|
2
|
filateelia
|
philately, philatélie
|
2
|
filter
|
filter, õhufilter
|
2
|
fjord
|
Fjord, fjord
|
2
|
fotograafia
|
foto, photography
|
2
|
friikad
|
chip, french fries
|
2
|
friikartulid
|
chip, french fries
|
2
|
föderatsioon
|
federation, liit
|
2
|
galeofoobia
|
ailurophobia, galeophobia
|
2
|
garantii
|
guarantee, warranty
|
2
|
genitiiv
|
genitive, omastav
|
2
|
geodeesia
|
geodesy, surveying
|
2
|
geograaf
|
geograafia, geographer
|
2
|
graafik
|
graph, graphic designer
|
2
|
gramm
|
gram, kilogramm
|
2
|
grupeerima
|
group, grupp
|
2
|
haar
|
haara, haarama
|
2
|
habemega
|
bearded, habe
|
2
|
haihtuma
|
fade away, vanish
|
2
|
halg
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/halko, halko
|
2
|
halvama
|
disable, halvata
|
2
|
hammustama
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, bite
|
2
|
hapukoor
|
smetana, sour cream
|
2
|
harilik angerjas
|
European eel, angerjas
|
2
|
harjumus
|
custom, habit
|
2
|
hark
|
fork, harkki
|
2
|
haugas
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habukaz, hawk
|
2
|
heakskiitmine
|
acceptance, approval
|
2
|
helbe
|
Helbe, flake
|
2
|
helin
|
Helina, helisema
|
2
|
helve
|
Helbe, Helve
|
2
|
hernehirmutis
|
hirm, scarecrow
|
2
|
hiilgama
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hiili, excel
|
2
|
hiina pähkel
|
maapähkel, peanut
|
2
|
hiinlanna
|
Chinese, hiinlane
|
2
|
hingama
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, breathe
|
2
|
hinnang
|
estimate, score
|
2
|
hirmutama
|
hirm, intimidate
|
2
|
hirnuma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hirnudak, neigh
|
2
|
hollandi
|
Dutch, Netherlands
|
2
|
homne
|
homme, morrow
|
2
|
homo
|
gay, gei
|
2
|
hong
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/honka, honka
|
2
|
hooldama
|
hooldus, service
|
2
|
humal
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/humala, hop
|
2
|
hurm
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hurma, hurma
|
2
|
hurmaa
|
persimmon, خرما
|
2
|
häbematu
|
mischievous, presumptuous
|
2
|
häda
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hätä, hätä
|
2
|
hävima
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hävit'äk, hävitä
|
2
|
hääbuma
|
fade away, vanish
|
2
|
hõljuk
|
-k, hõljuma
|
2
|
hõlp
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/helpō, helppo
|
2
|
hõrk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/herkku, herkku
|
2
|
hõõruma
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/heerodak
|
2
|
hüljatud
|
abandoned, desolate
|
2
|
idanema
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/itädäk, видьме
|
2
|
idu
|
itu, sprout
|
2
|
ihuma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hijodak, sharpen
|
2
|
iludusvõistlus
|
beauty pageant, iludus
|
2
|
imearst
|
ime, quack
|
2
|
imeja
|
imema, tolmuimeja
|
2
|
imelaps
|
child prodigy, ime
|
2
|
imetlema
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/imehteldäk, ime
|
2
|
inessiiv
|
inessive, seesütlev
|
2
|
inetu
|
inha, ugly
|
2
|
infinitiiv
|
infinitive, tegevusnimi
|
2
|
inglanna
|
Englishwoman, inglane
|
2
|
ingver
|
Ingwer, ginger
|
2
|
iseäralik
|
eri, peculiar
|
2
|
islandi
|
Icelandic, islandi keel
|
2
|
islandlanna
|
Icelander, islandlane
|
2
|
issi
|
Appendix:Estonian palindromes, dad
|
2
|
ja nii edasi
|
and so forth, etc.
|
2
|
jaapani
|
Japanese, jaapani keel
|
2
|
jaapanlanna
|
Japanese, jaapanlane
|
2
|
jahvama
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/jauhadak, jahvatama
|
2
|
jaksama
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/jaksadak, jaksaa
|
2
|
jalajälg
|
footprint, footstep
|
2
|
jalats
|
footwear, jalanõu
|
2
|
jalgrattatee
|
bicycle path, cycleway
|
2
|
jalutuskäik
|
stroll, walk
|
2
|
jaotama
|
allocate, jagama
|
2
|
jaotus
|
distribution, normaaljaotus
|
2
|
japs
|
Jap, jaapanlane
|
2
|
jne.
|
and so forth, etc.
|
2
|
jobi
|
cum, spunk
|
2
|
joobuma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/joopudak, jooma
|
2
|
joogikõrs
|
drinking straw, kõrs
|
2
|
joom
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/jooma, juova
|
2
|
joon
|
juoni, line
|
2
|
jootma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/joottadak, jooma
|
2
|
juga
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/juka, waterfall
|
2
|
juhtum
|
instance, occurrence
|
2
|
jumalaga
|
adieu, farewell
|
2
|
jutustama
|
jutt, narrate
|
2
|
jutustus
|
narrative, novell
|
2
|
juurvili
|
juurikas, root vegetable
|
2
|
jänki
|
Yankee, ameeriklane
|
2
|
jääk
|
-k, rest
|
2
|
jõeangerjas
|
European eel, angerjas
|
2
|
jõulupuu
|
Christmas tree, jõulud
|
2
|
kaaluma
|
kaal, weight
|
2
|
kaaper
|
corsair, pirate
|
2
|
kabris
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kapris, kaber
|
2
|
kaeluskotkas
|
griffon vulture, vulture
|
2
|
kafeteeria
|
cafeteria, canteen
|
2
|
kaheksateistkümmend
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kakteksa toicta kümmentä, kaheksateist
|
2
|
kahjur
|
kahjurvara, pest
|
2
|
kakaopruun
|
cocoa, kakao
|
2
|
kakaopulber
|
cocoa powder, kakao
|
2
|
kakaouba
|
cocoa bean, kakao
|
2
|
kaksteistkümmend
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kakci toicta kümmentä, kaksteist
|
2
|
kalastaja
|
kalastama, kalur
|
2
|
kallutama
|
set up, skew
|
2
|
kalm
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kalma, kalmistu
|
2
|
kammits
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kambicca, kammitsa
|
2
|
kangur
|
kankare, weaver
|
2
|
kapott
|
bonnet, hood
|
2
|
karaoke
|
karaoke, カラオケ
|
2
|
karastusjook
|
Coke, soft drink
|
2
|
karboksüül
|
carboxylic, karboksüülhape
|
2
|
kard
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/karta, karta
|
2
|
kardin
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/karcina, curtain
|
2
|
karibu
|
põhjapõder, reindeer
|
2
|
karistama
|
kari, punish
|
2
|
karjus
|
herder, shepherd
|
2
|
karjäär
|
career, quarry
|
2
|
kark
|
crutch, stilt
|
2
|
kartetš
|
Kartätsche, grapeshot
|
2
|
kassett
|
cartridge, cassette
|
2
|
kassikuu
|
hundikuu, veebruar
|
2
|
kassitoit
|
cat food, kass
|
2
|
kasta
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kastadak, castanea
|
2
|
kastma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kastadak, kaste
|
2
|
katkestus
|
abort, open
|
2
|
katsetama
|
attempt, katse
|
2
|
kaupmees
|
merchant, trader
|
2
|
kaustik
|
notebook, vihik
|
2
|
kava
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skawwōną, kaava
|
2
|
kavatsus
|
idea, intention
|
2
|
kebja
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kepjä, kevés
|
2
|
keder
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kecrä, kehrä
|
2
|
keedusool
|
sodium chloride, table salt
|
2
|
keegel
|
bowling, bowls
|
2
|
keeld
|
piirang, prohibition
|
2
|
keemia-
|
chemistry, chemo-
|
2
|
keerlema
|
kirli, swirl
|
2
|
keeruline
|
difficult, tricky
|
2
|
kelk
|
kelkka, sledge
|
2
|
kelner
|
ettekandja, waiter
|
2
|
kemo-
|
chemistry, chemo-
|
2
|
kerima
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/keridäk, wind/translations
|
2
|
ketas
|
discus, disk
|
2
|
kihelkond
|
hundred, parish
|
2
|
kiirabi
|
ambulance, kiirabiauto
|
2
|
kikerhernes
|
chickpea, garbanzo
|
2
|
kikilips
|
bowtie, lips
|
2
|
kild
|
chip, splinter
|
2
|
kiljuma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kiljudak, kiljua
|
2
|
kilo
|
kilo, kilogram
|
2
|
kindlalt
|
firmly, surely
|
2
|
kingapael
|
lace, shoelace
|
2
|
kingsepp
|
sepp, shoemaker
|
2
|
kinnisvara
|
property, real estate
|
2
|
kinnitus
|
confirmation, validation
|
2
|
kirgas
|
Kirke, kirkas
|
2
|
kirjatuvi
|
homing pigeon, tuvi
|
2
|
kirka
|
Kirke, pickaxe
|
2
|
kirst
|
coffin, kirstu
|
2
|
kitsikus
|
problem, quandary
|
2
|
kiusama
|
bully, kiusata
|
2
|
kleepuv
|
sticker, sticky
|
2
|
klient
|
client, customer
|
2
|
klosett
|
toilet, tualett
|
2
|
kodar
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ketara, spoke
|
2
|
kodumajutus
|
bed and breakfast, boarding house
|
2
|
kogenematu
|
green/translations, new/translations
|
2
|
kogus
|
amount, quantity
|
2
|
kohanimi
|
placename, toponym
|
2
|
kohuma
|
kohota, kuohu
|
2
|
kohupiim
|
cottage cheese, quark
|
2
|
kohustuslik
|
bounden, compulsory
|
2
|
kohutav
|
appalling, terrible
|
2
|
kohvipruun
|
coffee/translations, kohv
|
2
|
kohvipuu
|
coffee/translations, kohv
|
2
|
koka
|
Coke, coke
|
2
|
kokku sulatama
|
conflate, elide
|
2
|
kokkulepe
|
accord, agreement
|
2
|
kokkuvõte
|
abstract, synopsis
|
2
|
kolk
|
Kūolka, kolkka
|
2
|
kolleeg
|
colleague, fellow
|
2
|
kolmekümnes
|
kolmaskymmenäs, thirtieth
|
2
|
kolmsada
|
sada, three hundred
|
2
|
kolmteistkümmend
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kolme toicta kümmentä, kolmteist
|
2
|
kompleks
|
complex, compound
|
2
|
kondoom
|
condom, rubber
|
2
|
konsonant
|
consonans, consonant
|
2
|
konteiner
|
bin, container
|
2
|
kookospähkel
|
coconut, pähkel
|
2
|
koomiks
|
comic, comic book
|
2
|
koorima
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kooridak, peel
|
2
|
koostama
|
compose, construct
|
2
|
korea
|
Korean, korea keel
|
2
|
koroona
|
korona, novuss
|
2
|
korraldus
|
order, organization
|
2
|
korrastama
|
order, set up
|
2
|
korsaar
|
corsair, pirate
|
2
|
kosima
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kosidak, kosia
|
2
|
kosk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/koski, waterfall
|
2
|
košmaar
|
cauchemar, nightmare
|
2
|
kreeka
|
Greek, kreeka keel
|
2
|
krihvel
|
grifelo, pencil
|
2
|
kriimustama
|
scrape, scratch
|
2
|
kristlane
|
-lane, Christian
|
2
|
krokodill
|
crocodile, crocodilus
|
2
|
krüpto-
|
crypto-, κρυπτός
|
2
|
krüptoviirus
|
cryptovirus, lunavara
|
2
|
kubel
|
kubõl, kupla
|
2
|
kuberner
|
gouverneur, governor
|
2
|
kujutama
|
depict, project
|
2
|
kuldnokk
|
rästas, starling
|
2
|
kullake
|
darling, sugar/translations
|
2
|
kulu
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kulo, kulo
|
2
|
kummi
|
gum, rubber
|
2
|
kummiülikond
|
wetsuit, ülikond
|
2
|
kunn
|
Appendix:Chess pieces, king/translations
|
2
|
kuppel
|
dome, sibulakuppel
|
2
|
kuradima
|
fucking, goddamn
|
2
|
kurbus
|
sadness, sorrow
|
2
|
kuru
|
gorge, kuru
|
2
|
kusejuha
|
kusi, ureter
|
2
|
kusepõis
|
kusi, urinary bladder
|
2
|
kusiti
|
kusi, urethra
|
2
|
kuslapuu
|
honeysuckle, kuusama
|
2
|
kutsikas
|
kutsu, puppy
|
2
|
kuulus
|
famous, illustrious
|
2
|
kuurask
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kuras, kuras
|
2
|
kuussada
|
sada, six hundred
|
2
|
kuusteistkümmend
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kuuci toicta kümmentä, kuusteist
|
2
|
käbar
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/käpälä, käbäl
|
2
|
käbi ei kuku kännust kaugele
|
like father, like son, the apple does not fall far from the tree
|
2
|
kägi
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/käki, käki
|
2
|
käive
|
käivitama, turnover
|
2
|
kärg
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kärki, honeycomb
|
2
|
kärvama
|
croak, die/translations
|
2
|
käsikiri
|
manuscript, script
|
2
|
käsitööline
|
artisan, craftsman
|
2
|
kääbusplaneet
|
dwarf planet, planeet
|
2
|
kõlar
|
loudspeaker, speaker
|
2
|
kõle
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/koleda, desolate
|
2
|
kõlvatu
|
dissolute, hukas
|
2
|
kõmri
|
Welsh, kõmri keel
|
2
|
kõndija
|
kõndima, walker
|
2
|
kõvem
|
kõvendama, kõvenema
|
2
|
küberruum
|
cyberspace, küber-
|
2
|
küdema
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kütedäk, kütma
|
2
|
küdi
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kütü, brother-in-law
|
2
|
kükk
|
crouch, kyykkiä
|
2
|
külmik
|
külmkapp, refrigerator
|
2
|
küttima
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, hunt
|
2
|
küünlajalg
|
candleholder, candlestick
|
2
|
laadung
|
cargo, load
|
2
|
laanenäär
|
-näär, Siberian jay
|
2
|
laduma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlaþaną, latoa
|
2
|
laen
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/laihna, loan
|
2
|
laensõna
|
Lehnwort, loanword
|
2
|
lagendik
|
clearing, glade
|
2
|
lahkumine
|
exit, farewell
|
2
|
laiskloom
|
laisk, sloth
|
2
|
laiskvorst
|
laisk, lazybones
|
2
|
lakk
|
mane, varnish
|
2
|
lapsehoidja
|
babysitter, nurse
|
2
|
lastekodu
|
children's home, orphanage
|
2
|
latern
|
lantern, lanterna
|
2
|
latikas
|
bream, carp bream
|
2
|
latv
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/latva, latva
|
2
|
laulik
|
laul, singer
|
2
|
laviin
|
Lawine, avalanche
|
2
|
lehekuu
|
May, mai
|
2
|
leksikograafia
|
lexicography, lexigraphy
|
2
|
lemb
|
Lembi, Lemme
|
2
|
lendleht
|
flyer, leaflet
|
2
|
liberaalne
|
liberal, liberalis
|
2
|
lihvimisleht
|
sanding sheet, sandpaper
|
2
|
liigne
|
extra, unnecessary
|
2
|
liiklus
|
liikluspiirang, traffic
|
2
|
lillepeenar
|
flowerbed, peenar
|
2
|
linnaosa
|
asum, osa
|
2
|
lint
|
ribbon, tape
|
2
|
loba
|
gibberish, waffle
|
2
|
lodu
|
marsh, soo
|
2
|
loomulik
|
loomulikult, natural
|
2
|
loomus
|
loodus, nature
|
2
|
lubjakivi
|
limestone, paas
|
2
|
lukk
|
lock, lukko
|
2
|
lukksepp
|
locksmith, sepp
|
2
|
lumivalge
|
snow-white, valge
|
2
|
lunastama
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lunastadak, lunastaa
|
2
|
lurjus
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lurjus, villain
|
2
|
lutikas
|
lude, лудік
|
2
|
luure
|
intelligence, reconnaissance
|
2
|
lähme
|
let's go, minema
|
2
|
läki
|
let's go, minema
|
2
|
läti
|
Latvian, läti keel
|
2
|
lätlanna
|
Latvian, lätlane
|
2
|
lõhmus
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lehmus, lehmus
|
2
|
lõhn
|
fragrance, smell
|
2
|
lõikus
|
lõikuskuu, operation
|
2
|
lõo
|
lark, leivo
|
2
|
lõppema
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/loppedak, end
|
2
|
lõugas
|
lokki, loue
|
2
|
lühistama
|
short, short circuit
|
2
|
lüli
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lülü, lyly
|
2
|
lüüasaamine
|
checkmate, defeat
|
2
|
ma ei räägi inglise keelt
|
Appendix:I don't speak/full, I don't speak English
|
2
|
maakler
|
broker, dealer
|
2
|
maaler
|
maalima, painter
|
2
|
maastik
|
landscape, scenery
|
2
|
maateadus
|
geograafia, geography
|
2
|
magasin
|
magasin, magazine
|
2
|
majandusteadus
|
economics, ökonoomika
|
2
|
mandel
|
almond, amygdalum
|
2
|
mango
|
mangga, mango
|
2
|
manillakanep
|
Manila hemp, abaca
|
2
|
mannekeen
|
dummy, mannequin
|
2
|
marionett
|
puppet, tool
|
2
|
maroko
|
Moroccan, hašiš
|
2
|
marutaud
|
rabies, taud
|
2
|
massiiv
|
array, massif
|
2
|
matk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/matka, matka
|
2
|
matus
|
burial, funeral
|
2
|
meeletu
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/meelet'oin, mieletöi
|
2
|
meessoost
|
male, masculine
|
2
|
meik
|
makeup, mink
|
2
|
melon
|
melon, vesimelon
|
2
|
memoriaal
|
memorial, monument
|
2
|
mereröövel
|
corsair, pirate
|
2
|
mergel
|
marl, paas
|
2
|
metspähkel
|
hazelnut, pähkel
|
2
|
minett
|
minette, минет
|
2
|
minister
|
minister, peaminister
|
2
|
misasja
|
mida, what
|
2
|
misjonäriasend
|
misjonär, missionary position
|
2
|
misjonäripoos
|
misjonär, missionary position
|
2
|
missa
|
Mass, mass
|
2
|
moldaavlane
|
Moldavian, moldovlane
|
2
|
moon
|
Mohn, poppy
|
2
|
morss
|
juice, lemonade
|
2
|
moskiito
|
mosquito, mosquito/translations
|
2
|
mullikas
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mullikka, heifer
|
2
|
mullu
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mullikka, last year
|
2
|
murd
|
murdvaras, quarry
|
2
|
muretu
|
carefree, easygoing
|
2
|
murulauk
|
chive, küüslauk
|
2
|
muskus
|
musk, मुष्क
|
2
|
mustus
|
filth, must
|
2
|
musulman
|
Muslim, مسلمان
|
2
|
muusikariist
|
instrument, pill
|
2
|
mäda
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mätä
|
2
|
mägar
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mäkärä, mäkärä
|
2
|
mähk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mäihä, mäihä
|
2
|
mängija
|
gamer, player
|
2
|
mänguväljak
|
field, playground
|
2
|
määgima
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/määkidäk, määkiä
|
2
|
mõiste
|
concept, term
|
2
|
mõlemad
|
both, either
|
2
|
mõrd
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/merta, merta
|
2
|
mõrtsukas
|
killer, murderer
|
2
|
mõõde
|
dimension, measure
|
2
|
mõõtmine
|
measure, mõõteriist
|
2
|
müürsepp
|
bricklayer, sepp
|
2
|
natsioon
|
nation, rahvus
|
2
|
nelisada
|
four hundred, sada
|
2
|
neliteistkümmend
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/neljä toicta kümmentä, neliteist
|
2
|
neljandikku
|
three fourths, three quarters
|
2
|
neuroteadus
|
neurology, neuroscience
|
2
|
niduma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nitodak, nitoa
|
2
|
niin
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/niini, niini
|
2
|
nirk
|
least weasel, weasel
|
2
|
nisa
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nisä, nisä
|
2
|
no
|
no, well
|
2
|
nominatiiv
|
nimetav, nominative case
|
2
|
noorus
|
noor, noorus
|
2
|
norra
|
Norwegian, norra keel
|
2
|
notsu
|
piglet, põrsas
|
2
|
nugis
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/ńukśe, marten
|
2
|
nui
|
baton, nūja
|
2
|
nutifon
|
nutitelefon, smartphone
|
2
|
nuuksuma
|
cry, weep
|
2
|
nägemine
|
eyesight, vision
|
2
|
nägemiseni
|
goodbye, see you
|
2
|
nänn
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nännä, nänni
|
2
|
nõidus
|
magic, witchcraft
|
2
|
nõlg
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nolki, strangles
|
2
|
nõtk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nocko, notko
|
2
|
nõudepesumasin
|
dishwasher, nõu
|
2
|
nõutav
|
tarvilik, vajalik
|
2
|
odamus
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/otava, otava
|
2
|
ohutus
|
safety, security
|
2
|
ohverdama
|
ohver, sacrifice
|
2
|
okas
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ogas, thorn
|
2
|
okultism
|
occult, occultism
|
2
|
oletus
|
if, view
|
2
|
omane
|
inherent, specific
|
2
|
osapool
|
party, stakeholder
|
2
|
paabulind
|
peacock, pfawo
|
2
|
pabeross
|
cigarette, suits
|
2
|
pagas
|
bagage, luggage
|
2
|
pagulane
|
expatriate, refugee
|
2
|
pahatahtlik
|
malevolent, malicious
|
2
|
pahk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pahka, käsn
|
2
|
painama
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/painadak, painaa
|
2
|
pakett
|
package, packet
|
2
|
pala
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pala, pala
|
2
|
palmik
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/palmikkoi, palmikko
|
2
|
paprika
|
capsicum, pepper
|
2
|
paradiisiaed
|
Eden, Eeden
|
2
|
pard
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/parta, parta
|
2
|
park
|
parc, park
|
2
|
passiiv
|
passive, passive voice
|
2
|
pastapliiats
|
ballpoint pen, pen
|
2
|
pastinaak
|
Pastinake, parsnip
|
2
|
pataljon
|
battalion, wing
|
2
|
peaaegu
|
almost, nearly
|
2
|
peatuma
|
peatama, tarry
|
2
|
pedajas
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/petägä, пиче
|
2
|
pederast
|
pede, pederast
|
2
|
peegeldama
|
peegel, reflect
|
2
|
peegelduma
|
peegel, reflect
|
2
|
peegeldus
|
peegel, reflection
|
2
|
peig
|
bridegroom, peikko
|
2
|
peigmees
|
bridegroom, fiancé
|
2
|
pelglik
|
pelgama, timid
|
2
|
pelikan
|
pelecanus, pelican
|
2
|
pension
|
pension, pensionär
|
2
|
perioodilisustabel
|
Mendelejevi tabel, periodic table
|
2
|
pesukäsn
|
käsn, sponge
|
2
|
pettus
|
deceit, deception
|
2
|
pidurdama
|
hinder, interfere
|
2
|
pigi
|
hašiš, nigger
|
2
|
pihku lööma
|
pihku peksma, pihku taguma
|
2
|
piht
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pihti, pihti
|
2
|
pii
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pii, pii
|
2
|
piinamine
|
piinama, torture
|
2
|
piiramatu
|
free, piiramatus
|
2
|
piiritaja
|
common swift, swift
|
2
|
pikantne
|
piquant, spicy
|
2
|
piki
|
along, pitkin
|
2
|
pilk
|
glance, look
|
2
|
pimedus
|
blindness, darkness
|
2
|
pinu
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pino, stack
|
2
|
piraat
|
corsair, pirate
|
2
|
pirukas
|
pie, pirog
|
2
|
plastmass
|
plast, plastic
|
2
|
plekk
|
blur, sheet metal
|
2
|
pläru
|
smoke/translations, suits
|
2
|
poliitiline partei
|
poliitik, poliitika
|
2
|
poolfabrikaat
|
fast food, kiirtoit
|
2
|
portselan
|
china, porcelain
|
2
|
postkontor
|
kontor, post office
|
2
|
praht
|
cargo, junk
|
2
|
prantslanna
|
Frenchwoman, prantslane
|
2
|
pronoomen
|
asesõna, pronoun
|
2
|
propaganda
|
advertisement, propaganda
|
2
|
prostituut
|
hoor, prostitute
|
2
|
prügikast
|
bin, garbage can
|
2
|
psühhopomp
|
psychopomp, ψυχοπομπός
|
2
|
pudrusöömise kuu
|
hundikuu, veebruar
|
2
|
puhastama
|
clean, purge
|
2
|
puhe
|
agu, koit
|
2
|
puhkama
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/puhkadak, rest
|
2
|
puhä
|
holy, sacred
|
2
|
puiestee
|
avenue, boulevard
|
2
|
puistama
|
pudenema, sprinkle
|
2
|
puju
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pujo, pujo
|
2
|
pukspuu
|
box tree, boxwood
|
2
|
pulgakomm
|
candy cane, lollipop
|
2
|
pump
|
prootonipump, pump
|
2
|
purustama
|
chop suey, dispel
|
2
|
puserdama
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pusertadak, pusertaa
|
2
|
pussnuga
|
puukko, switchblade
|
2
|
puusepp
|
carpenter, sepp
|
2
|
päitsed
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/päic'et, halter
|
2
|
põdema
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/potedak, potea
|
2
|
põhjasaami
|
Northern Sami, põhjasaami keel
|
2
|
põhjus
|
cause, reason
|
2
|
põrandalamp
|
floor lamp, standard lamp
|
2
|
põud
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pouta, drought
|
2
|
pühvel
|
Appendix:Chinese zodiac, buffalo
|
2
|
pürg
|
European bison, wisent
|
2
|
raadama
|
raataa, страдать
|
2
|
raamatukoguhoidja
|
librarian, raamatukogu
|
2
|
rabe
|
rapea, rappia
|
2
|
rabisema
|
rapista, rappuma
|
2
|
rahamärk
|
coin, token
|
2
|
rahunema
|
compose, rahu
|
2
|
rahutu
|
antsy, anxious
|
2
|
rajoon
|
asum, raion
|
2
|
rakendama
|
activate, actuate
|
2
|
rakett
|
missile, rocket
|
2
|
raudteejaam
|
railway station, rongijaam
|
2
|
rautama
|
horseshoe, shoe
|
2
|
reaalpoliitika
|
Realpolitik, realpolitik
|
2
|
reanimatsioon
|
reanimation, resuscitation
|
2
|
rebima
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/repidäk, repiä
|
2
|
reig
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/raika, reikä
|
2
|
reisibüroo
|
reis, travel agency
|
2
|
relvarahu
|
armistice, truce
|
2
|
rikkalik
|
elaborate, rikastuma
|
2
|
rikkuma
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rikkodak, rikkoa
|
2
|
rikkus
|
rikastuma, wealth
|
2
|
rindkere
|
breast, chest
|
2
|
ringhääling
|
broadcast, broadcasting
|
2
|
rinnalaps
|
baby, infant
|
2
|
rohmakas
|
clumsy, crude
|
2
|
ronk
|
kaaren, raven
|
2
|
roosakvarts
|
kvarts, rose quartz
|
2
|
rootsi laud
|
buffet, smorgasbord
|
2
|
ruhi
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ruuhi, ruuhi
|
2
|
ruske
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ruskeda, ruskia
|
2
|
ränikivi
|
chert, räni
|
2
|
ränne
|
immigration, rändama
|
2
|
rõhumärk
|
accent, acute accent
|
2
|
rõivas
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/roivas, clothing
|
2
|
rõuk
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hraukaz, röykkiö
|
2
|
rõve
|
ribald, rude
|
2
|
röhitsema
|
belch, burp
|
2
|
röhkima
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/röhkidäk, röhkiä
|
2
|
röövel
|
mugger, robber
|
2
|
rügement
|
regiment, wing
|
2
|
rünnak
|
-k, attack
|
2
|
rüpp
|
ryppy, rüperaal
|
2
|
rüütellikkus
|
chivalry, rüütellik
|
2
|
saak
|
-k, prey
|
2
|
saared
|
Falkland Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
|
2
|
saarlane
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/saarelainen, islander
|
2
|
saast
|
crap, saasta
|
2
|
sadu
|
Appendix:Finnic Swadesh lists, Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sato
|
2
|
safran
|
saffron, زعفران
|
2
|
sageli
|
frequently, often
|
2
|
sahver
|
larder, pantry
|
2
|
sakslanna
|
German, sakslane
|
2
|
salajane
|
closed, salaja
|
2
|
salm
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/salmi, Salme
|
2
|
salvrätik
|
napkin, towelette
|
2
|
sarapuupähkel
|
hazelnut, pähkel
|
2
|
satelliit
|
kuu, satellite
|
2
|
saunatama
|
saun, sauna
|
2
|
saunatamine
|
saun, sauna
|
2
|
seemnerakk
|
rakk, sperm
|
2
|
seeneniidistik
|
mycelium, niidistik
|
2
|
seepia
|
cuttlefish, octopus
|
2
|
seitsesada
|
sada, seven hundred
|
2
|
seitseteistkümmend
|
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/säic'en toicta kümmentä, seitseteist
|