-eta

See also: Appendix:Variations of "eta"

Basque

Suffix

-eta

1. Used to form toponyms.

   ‎pago (“beech”) + ‎-eta → ‎Pagoeta

   ‎iturri (“fountain”) + ‎-eta → ‎Iturrieta

Derived terms

Basque terms suffixed with -eta

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈɛ.tə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈə.tə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈe.ta]

Suffix

-eta f

1. feminine singular of -et

Derived terms

Catalan terms suffixed with -eta

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak (stem *-në-), from Proto-Uralic *-me-. Related to Estonian -nema, -neda and Veps -eta. The stem has been reworked considerably in some forms; see the Proto-Finnic entry for more details.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-etɑˣ/, [-e̞t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]

Suffix

-eta (front vowel harmony variant -etä, stem -ne- or -ene-, linguistic notation -ne- or -ene- or -etA)

1. Forms translative verbs from adjectives, meaning "to become (adjective)" or "to become more (adjective)".

   ‎tumma (“dark”) + ‎-eta → ‎tummeta (“to darken”)

Usage notes

• The derived verbs belong to the conjugation type vanheta (72).
• This ending normally replaces the stem-final vowel(s) of the base adjective, though some adjectives ending in -o show an allomorph -ta (e.g. isota).

Inflection

Inflection of -eta (Kotus type 72/vanheta, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-enen	en -ene	1st sing.	olen -ennut	en ole -ennut
2nd sing.		-enet	et -ene	2nd sing.	olet -ennut	et ole -ennut
3rd sing.		-enee	ei -ene	3rd sing.	on -ennut	ei ole -ennut
1st plur.		-enemme	emme -ene	1st plur.	olemme -enneet	emme ole -enneet
2nd plur.		-enette	ette -ene	2nd plur.	olette -enneet	ette ole -enneet
3rd plur.		-enevat	eivät -ene	3rd plur.	ovat -enneet	eivät ole -enneet
passive		-etaan	ei -eta	passive	on -ettu	ei ole -ettu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-enin	en -ennut	1st sing.	olin -ennut	en ollut -ennut
2nd sing.		-enit	et -ennut	2nd sing.	olit -ennut	et ollut -ennut
3rd sing.		-eni	ei -ennut	3rd sing.	oli -ennut	ei ollut -ennut
1st plur.		-enimme	emme -enneet	1st plur.	olimme -enneet	emme olleet -enneet
2nd plur.		-enitte	ette -enneet	2nd plur.	olitte -enneet	ette olleet -enneet
3rd plur.		-enivat	eivät -enneet	3rd plur.	olivat -enneet	eivät olleet -enneet
passive		-ettiin	ei -ettu	passive	oli -ettu	ei ollut -ettu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-enisin	en -enisi	1st sing.	olisin -ennut	en olisi -ennut
2nd sing.		-enisit	et -enisi	2nd sing.	olisit -ennut	et olisi -ennut
3rd sing.		-enisi	ei -enisi	3rd sing.	olisi -ennut	ei olisi -ennut
1st plur.		-enisimme	emme -enisi	1st plur.	olisimme -enneet	emme olisi -enneet
2nd plur.		-enisitte	ette -enisi	2nd plur.	olisitte -enneet	ette olisi -enneet
3rd plur.		-enisivat	eivät -enisi	3rd plur.	olisivat -enneet	eivät olisi -enneet
passive		-ettaisiin	ei -ettaisi	passive	olisi -ettu	ei olisi -ettu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		-ene	älä -ene	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		-etkoon	älköön -etko	3rd sing.	olkoon -ennut	älköön olko -ennut
1st plur.		-etkaamme	älkäämme -etko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		-etkaa	älkää -etko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		-etkoot	älkööt -etko	3rd plur.	olkoot -enneet	älkööt olko -enneet
passive		-ettakoon	älköön -ettako	passive	olkoon -ettu	älköön olko -ettu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-ennen	en -enne	1st sing.	lienen -ennut	en liene -ennut
2nd sing.		-ennet	et -enne	2nd sing.	lienet -ennut	et liene -ennut
3rd sing.		-ennee	ei -enne	3rd sing.	lienee -ennut	ei liene -ennut
1st plur.		-ennemme	emme -enne	1st plur.	lienemme -enneet	emme liene -enneet
2nd plur.		-ennette	ette -enne	2nd plur.	lienette -enneet	ette liene -enneet
3rd plur.		-ennevat	eivät -enne	3rd plur.	lienevät -enneet	eivät liene -enneet
passive		-ettaneen	ei -ettane	passive	lienee -ettu	ei liene -ettu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		-eta		present	-eneva	-ettava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st -etakseni -etaksemme 2nd -etaksesi -etaksenne 3rd -etakseen -etaksensa		past	-ennut	-ettu
2nd	inessive2	-etessa	-ettaessa	agent4	-enema
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st -etessani -etessamme 2nd -etessasi -etessanne 3rd -etessaan -etessansa		negative	-enematon
	instructive	-eten	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	-enemassa	—
	elative	-enemasta	—
	illative	-enemaan	—
	adessive	-enemalla	—
	abessive	-enematta	—
	instructive	-eneman	-ettaman
4th3	verbal noun	-eneminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st -enemaisillani -enemaisillamme 2nd -enemaisillasi -enemaisillanne 3rd -enemaisillaan -enemaisillansa

Note that gradation may apply.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -eta

• -ntaa

 

Anagrams

• Tea, tae

Ingrian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak. Cognates include Finnish -eta and Estonian -neda.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /-etɑ/, [-e̞tɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /-etɑ/, [-e̞d̥ɑ]

Suffix

-eta (front vowel variant -etä)

1. Used to form inchoative verbs.

   ‎pimmiä (“dark”) + ‎-eta → ‎pimetä (“to darken”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -eta (type 15/valeta, no gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-enen	en -ene	1st singular	oon -ent, oon -ennut	en oo -ent, en oo -ennut
2nd singular	-enet	et -ene	2nd singular	oot -ent, oot -ennut	et oo -ent, et oo -ennut
3rd singular	-enoo	ei -ene	3rd singular	ono -ent, ono -ennut	ei oo -ent, ei oo -ennut
1st plural	-enemma	emmä -ene	1st plural	oomma -enneet	emmä oo -enneet
2nd plural	-enetta	että -ene	2nd plural	ootta -enneet	että oo -enneet
3rd plural	-enoot1), -enevat2), -etaa	evät -ene, ei -eta	3rd plural	ovat -enneet	evät oo -enneet, ei oo -ettu
impersonal	-etaa	ei -eta	impersonal	ono -ettu	ei oo -ettu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-enin	en -ent, en -ennut	1st singular	olin -ent, olin -ennut	en olt -ent, en olt -ennut
2nd singular	-enit	et -ent, et -ennut	2nd singular	olit -ent, olit -ennut	et olt -ent, et olt -ennut
3rd singular	-eni	ei -ent, ei -ennut	3rd singular	oli -ent, oli -ennut	ei olt -ent, ei olt -ennut
1st plural	-enimma	emmä -enneet	1st plural	olimma -enneet	emmä olleet -enneet
2nd plural	-enitta	että -enneet	2nd plural	olitta -enneet	että olleet -enneet
3rd plural	-eniit1), -enivat2), -ettii	evät -enneet, ei -ettu	3rd plural	olivat -enneet	evät olleet -enneet, ei olt -ettu
impersonal	-ettii	ei -ettu	impersonal	oli -ettu	ei olt -ettu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-enisin	en -enis	1st singular	olisin -ent, olisin -ennut	en olis -ent, en olis -ennut
2nd singular	-enisit, -eniist1)	et -enis	2nd singular	olisit -ent, olisit -ennut	et olis -ent, et olis -ennut
3rd singular	-enis	ei -enis	3rd singular	olis -ent, olis -ennut	ei olis -ent, ei olis -ennut
1st plural	-enisimma	emmä -enis	1st plural	olisimma -enneet	emmä olis -enneet
2nd plural	-enisitta	että -enis	2nd plural	olisitta -enneet	että olis -enneet
3rd plural	-enisiit1), -enisivat2), -ettais	evät -enis, ei -ettais	3rd plural	olisivat -enneet	evät olis -enneet, ei olis -ettu
impersonal	-ettais	ei -ettais	impersonal	olis -ettu	ei olis -ettu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	-ene	elä -ene	2nd singular	oo -ent, oo -ennut	elä oo -ent, elä oo -ennut
3rd singular	-etkoo	elköö -etko	3rd singular	olkoo -ent, olkoo -ennut	elköö olko -ent, elköö olko -ennut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	-etkaa	elkää -etko	2nd plural	olkaa -enneet	elkää olko -enneet
3rd plural	-etkoot	elkööt -etko, elköö -ettako	3rd plural	olkoot -enneet	elkööt olko -enneet, elköö olko -ettu
impersonal	-ettakkoo	elköö -ettako	impersonal	olkoo -ettu	elköö olko -ettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	-enen	en -ene
2nd singular	-enet	et -ene
3rd singular	-enoo	ei -ene
1st plural	-enemma	emmä -ene
2nd plural	-enetta	että -ene
3rd plural	-enoot	evät -ene, ei -ettane
impersonal	-ettannoo	ei -ettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		-eta	present	-eneva	-ettava
2nd	inessive	-etees	past	-ent, -ennut	-ettu
	instructive	-eten	1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-etkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	-enommaa
	inessive	-enomas
	elative	-enomast
	abessive	-enomata
4th	nominative	-enomiin
	partitive	-enomista, -enomist

Derived terms

Ingrian terms suffixed with -eta

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /-etɑ/, [-e̞tɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /-etɑ/, [-e̞d̥ɑ]

Suffix

-eta

1. impersonal present indicative connegative of -taa

Italian

Etymology

From Latin -ēta, plural of -ētum. Compare -eto.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈe.ta/
• Rhymes: -eta
• Hyphenation: -é‧ta

Suffix

-eta f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ete)

1. wood, forest

   ‎sughera (“cork oak”) + ‎-eta → ‎sughereta (“cork oak forest”)

2. orchard, grove, plantation

   ‎ulivo (“olive, olive tree”) + ‎-eta → ‎uliveta (“olive grove”)

Derived terms

Italian terms suffixed with -eta

Anagrams

• -ate

Latin

Suffix

-ēta

1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of -ētum

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• -êta (obsolete)

Etymology

In some words from Italian -etta and in others from French -ette. Both come from Latin -itta. Doublet of -ita and -ete.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈe.tɐ/

Suffix

-eta f

1. forms the diminutive of feminine nouns, often as an adaptation of French loanwords ending in -ette

   Synonym: -ete

   ‎canção (“song”) + ‎-eta → ‎cançoneta (“short, cheerful song”)

Suffix

-eta m or f

1. person missing a body part, especially if they have only one part of a pair, such as only one hand or one foot

Derived terms

Portuguese terms suffixed with -eta

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from French -ette and Italian -etta. Doublet of -ita and -eta.

Suffix

-eta f (noun-forming suffix, plural -etas)

1. Alternative form of -ete; forms diminutives from nouns and adjectives, or gives a particularizing sense

   ‎banca (“bench”) + ‎-eta → ‎banqueta (“footstool, small bench”)

   ‎casa (“house”) + ‎-eta → ‎caseta (“hut”)

Usage notes

• Used especially after feminine nouns. Compare -ete.

Derived terms

Spanish terms suffixed with -eta

Further reading

• “-ete”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Veps

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak. Related to Finnish -eta.

Suffix

-eta

2. Forms intransitive verbs from adjectives, indicating "to become".

Inflection

Inflection of -eta (inflection type 28/edeta)
1st infinitive	-eta
present indic.	-eneb
past indic.	-eni
	present indicative	past indicative	imperative
1st singular	-enen	-enin	—
2nd singular	-ened	-enid	-ene
3rd singular	-eneb	-eni	-ekaha
1st plural	-enem	-enim	-ekam
2nd plural	-enet	-enit	-ekat
3rd plural	-etas -eneba	-eniba	-ekaha
sing. conneg.1	-ene	-enend	-ene
plur. conneg.	-ekoi	-enugoi	-ekoi
	present conditional	past conditional	potential
1st singular	-enižin	-enuižin	-enenen
2nd singular	-enižid	-enuižid	-enened
3rd singular	-eniži	-enuiži	-eneneb
1st plural	-enižim	-enuižim	-enenem
2nd plural	-enižit	-enuižit	-enenet
3rd plural	-enižiba	-enuižiba	-eneneba
connegative	-eniži	-enuiži	-enene
non-finite forms
1st infinitive	-eta
2nd infinitive		3rd infinitive
inessive	-etes	inessive	-enemas
instructive	-eten	illative	-enemaha
participles		elative	-enemaspäi
present active	-enii	adessive	-enemal
past active	-enu	abessive	-enemat
past passive	-etud
1 In imperative: used only in the second-person singular. The plural form is used with other persons.

Derived terms

Veps terms suffixed with -eta (neb)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *-ntadak. Related to Finnish -(e)ntaa.

Suffix

-eta

2. Forms transitive verbs from adjectives, indicating "to make" or "to cause to become".

Inflection

Inflection of -eta (inflection type 29/koheta)
1st infinitive	-eta
present indic.	-endab
past indic.	-enzi
	present indicative	past indicative	imperative
1st singular	-endan	-enzin	—
2nd singular	-endad	-enzid	-enda
3rd singular	-endab	-enzi	-ekaha
1st plural	-endam	-enzim	-ekam
2nd plural	-endat	-enzit	-ekat
3rd plural	-etas -endaba	-enziba	-ekaha
sing. conneg.1	-enda	-endand	-enda
plur. conneg.	-ekoi	-enugoi	-ekoi
	present conditional	past conditional	potential
1st singular	-endaižin	-enuižin	-endanen
2nd singular	-endaižid	-enuižid	-endaned
3rd singular	-endaiži	-enuiži	-endaneb
1st plural	-endaižim	-enuižim	-endanem
2nd plural	-endaižit	-enuižit	-endanet
3rd plural	-endaižiba	-enuižiba	-endaneba
connegative	-endaiži	-enuiži	-endane
non-finite forms
1st infinitive	-eta
2nd infinitive		3rd infinitive
inessive	-etes	inessive	-endamas
instructive	-eten	illative	-endamaha
participles		elative	-endamaspäi
present active	-endai	adessive	-endamal
past active	-enu	abessive	-endamat
past passive	-etud
1 In imperative: used only in the second-person singular. The plural form is used with other persons.

Derived terms

Veps terms suffixed with -eta (ndab)