quark
English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Coined by American physicist Murray Gell-Mann in 1963. The literary connection to James Joyce's Finnegans Wake was asserted later; see the Quark Wikipedia article.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: kwôk, IPA(key): /kwɔːk/; enPR: kwäk, IPA(key): /kwɑːk/
Audio (Southern England): (file) Audio (Southern England): (file) - (General American) enPR: kwôrk, IPA(key): /kwɔɹk/; enPR: kwärk, IPA(key): /kwɑɹk/
- Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)k, Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)k
Noun
[edit]quark (plural quarks)
- (physics) In the Standard Model, an elementary subatomic particle that forms matter. They combine to form hadrons, such as protons and neutrons.
- Synonym: (obsolete) ace
- 2012 March-April, Jeremy Bernstein, “A Palette of Particles”, in American Scientist[1], volume 100, number 2, page 146:
- There were also particles no one had predicted that just appeared. Five of them […, i]n order of increasing modernity, […] are the neutrino, the pi meson, the antiproton, the quark and the Higgs boson.
- (computing, X Window System) An integer that uniquely identifies a text string.
- 2012, Keith D. Gregory, Programming with Motif, page 453:
- Two functions are provided to convert between strings and quarks:
XrmStringToQuark
andXrmQuarkToString
[…]
- (Slang, X Window System) A Nonsense, trivial text string.
Hyponyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- antiquark
- biquark
- charmed quark
- diquark
- hexaquark
- interquark
- multiquark
- pentaquark
- prequark
- quagma
- quark-antiquark
- quark-gluon plasma
- quarkless
- quark matter
- quark model
- quark nova
- quark nugget
- quarkonic
- quarkonium
- quark star
- quark theory
- quarkyonic
- quink
- squark
- strange quark matter
- strange quark star
- subquark
- techniquark
- tetraquark
- triquark
Translations
[edit]
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See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from German Quark, from late Middle High German twarc, from a West Slavic language (compare Polish twaróg), from Proto-Slavic *tvarogъ.
Noun
[edit]quark (uncountable)
- A soft creamy cheese, eaten throughout northern, central, eastern, and southeastern Europe as well as the Low Countries, very similar to cottage cheese except that it is usually not made with rennet.
Translations
[edit]
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See also
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Onomatopoeic, from the sound of the squawk.
Noun
[edit]quark (plural quarks)
- (Falkland Islands, informal) The black-crowned night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax.
Further reading
[edit]- quark on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- quark (dairy product) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- quark (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References
[edit]- ^ James Gleick (1993) Genius: Richard Feynman and Modern Physics:
- Gell-Mann won the linguistic battle once again: his choice, a croaking nonsense word, was "quark". (After the fact, he was able to tack on a literary antecedent when he found the phrase "Three quarks for Muster Mark" in Finnegans Wake, but the physicists quark was pronounced from the beginning to rhyme with "cork".)
Basque
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]quark inan
Declension
[edit]indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | quark | quarka | quarkak |
ergative | quarkek | quarkak | quarkek |
dative | quarki | quarkari | quarkei |
genitive | quarken | quarkaren | quarken |
comitative | quarkekin | quarkarekin | quarkekin |
causative | quarkengatik | quarkarengatik | quarkengatik |
benefactive | quarkentzat | quarkarentzat | quarkentzat |
instrumental | quarkez | quarkaz | quarkez |
inessive | quarketan | quarkean | quarketan |
locative | quarketako | quarkeko | quarketako |
allative | quarketara | quarkera | quarketara |
terminative | quarketaraino | quarkeraino | quarketaraino |
directive | quarketarantz | quarkerantz | quarketarantz |
destinative | quarketarako | quarkerako | quarketarako |
ablative | quarketatik | quarketik | quarketatik |
partitive | quarkik | — | — |
prolative | quarktzat | — | — |
Further reading
[edit]- “quark”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]quark m (plural quarks)
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]quark m (plural quarks)
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]quark m (plural quarks)
Galician
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]quark m (plural quarks)
Italian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unadapted borrowing from English quark.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]quark m (invariable)
- (physics) quark
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- quark in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]Unadapted borrowing from English quark.[1][2]
Noun
[edit]quark m (plural quarks)
Etymology 2
[edit]Unadapted borrowing from German Quark.[1]
Noun
[edit]quark m (plural quarks)
- quark (soft creamy cheese)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “quark”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
- ^ “quark”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024
Spanish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unadapted borrowing from English quark.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]quark m (plural quarks)
- quark
- Hypernyms: fermión, partícula elemental
Usage notes
[edit]According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.
Hyponyms
[edit]- (quarks) quark; quark arriba, quark abajo, quark encantado, quark extraño, quark cima, quark fondo (Category: es:Quarks)
See also
[edit]- (fermions) fermión; quark, leptón
- quark on the Spanish Wikipedia.Wikipedia es
Further reading
[edit]- “quark”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
- English terms coined ex nihilo
- English terms coined by Murray Gell-Mann
- English coinages
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)k
- Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)k/1 syllable
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Subatomic particles
- English terms with quotations
- en:Computing
- English terms borrowed from German
- English terms derived from German
- English terms derived from Middle High German
- English terms derived from West Slavic languages
- English terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- English doublets
- English uncountable nouns
- English onomatopoeias
- English informal terms
- en:Cheeses
- en:Fermions
- en:Herons
- en:Nuclear physics
- Basque terms derived from English
- Basque terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Basque/ark
- Rhymes:Basque/ark/1 syllable
- Basque lemmas
- Basque nouns
- Basque terms spelled with Q
- Basque inanimate nouns
- eu:Physics
- Catalan terms borrowed from English
- Catalan terms derived from English
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan terms spelled with K
- Catalan masculine nouns
- ca:Subatomic particles
- ca:Fermions
- Dutch terms borrowed from English
- Dutch terms derived from English
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Dutch terms with homophones
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch masculine nouns
- nl:Subatomic particles
- nl:Fermions
- French terms borrowed from English
- French terms derived from English
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French terms spelled with K
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Subatomic particles
- fr:Fermions
- Galician terms borrowed from English
- Galician terms derived from English
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician terms spelled with K
- Galician masculine nouns
- gl:Subatomic particles
- gl:Fermions
- Italian terms borrowed from English
- Italian unadapted borrowings from English
- Italian terms derived from English
- Italian 1-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ark
- Rhymes:Italian/ark/1 syllable
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian indeclinable nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian terms spelled with K
- Italian masculine nouns
- it:Subatomic particles
- it:Fermions
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese terms borrowed from English
- Portuguese unadapted borrowings from English
- Portuguese terms derived from English
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese terms spelled with K
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- pt:Subatomic particles
- Portuguese terms borrowed from German
- Portuguese unadapted borrowings from German
- Portuguese terms derived from German
- Spanish terms borrowed from English
- Spanish unadapted borrowings from English
- Spanish terms derived from English
- Spanish 1-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾk
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾk/1 syllable
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish terms spelled with K
- Spanish masculine nouns
- es:Fermions