radiation

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin radiatio, radiationis. By surface analysis, radiate +‎ -ion.

Pronunciation

• (UK, US, Canada) IPA^(key): /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/

  • Audio (London):

    (file)

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

  • Audio (Texas):

    (file)

• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˌɹæɪ.diˈæɪ.ʃən/
• (some Ghanaian speakers) IPA^(key): /ɹæ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/

Noun

radiation (countable and uncountable, plural radiations)

1. The shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like diverging rays of light.

   heat radiation

2. The process of radiating waves or particles.
3. The transfer of energy via radiation.

   Coordinate terms: convection, conduction

4. Radioactive energy.
   • 1986, "Weird Al" Yankovic (lyrics and music), “Christmas at Ground Zero”, in Polka Party!‎^[1]:

     It's Christmas at ground zero / And if the radiation level's OK / I'll go out with you / To see all the new / Mutations on New Year's Day

5. (evolutionary theory, countable) A rapid diversification of an ancestral species into many new forms.
   • 2014, Elizabeth Kolbert, chapter 8, in The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Henry Holt and Company:

     So the question is: have plants and animals retained over this huge amount of time—whole radiations of mammals have come and gone in this period—have they retained these potentially costly characteristics?

   • 2016, Donald R. Prothero, The Princeton Field Guide to Prehistoric Mammals, page 136:

     The second [canid group] is the radiation of dogs in South America that began when the first canids arrived about 3 Ma, after crossing the Panama land bridge (Fig. 5.4).

Derived terms

• acute radiation syndrome
• adaptive radiation
• alpha radiation
• Askaryan radiation
• background radiation
• background radiation equivalent time
• beta radiation
• broadcast radiation
• Cerenkov radiation
• Cherenkov radiation
• cosmic background radiation
• cosmic radiation
• electromagnetic radiation
• gamma radiation
• gravitational radiation
• Hawking radiation
• infrared radiation
• infrared radiation
• ionising radiation
• ionizing radiation
• microwave radiation
• microwave-radiation
• neutron radiation
• non-ionizing radiation
• nuclear radiation
• radiation belt
• radiation biology
• radiation chemistry
• radiation damage
• radiation dose
• radiation fog
• radiation hardening
• radiation impedance
• radiation lampshade
• radiation physics
• radiation poisoning
• radiation pressure
• radiation pyrometer
• radiation resistance
• radiation shielding
• radiation sickness
• radiation therapy
• solar radiation
• submillimeter wave radiation
• synchrotron radiation
• terahertz radiation
• thermal radiation
• thermal radiation
• ultraviolet radiation
• UV radiation
• Van Allen radiation belt
• X-radiation
• x-radiation
• X-ray radiation

 

Related terms

• radiate
• radiative

Translations

shooting forth of anything from a point or surface

• Albanian: rrezatim (sq) m
• Arabic: إِشْعَاع m (ʔišʕāʕ)
• Armenian: ճառագայթում (hy) (čaṙagaytʻum)
• Belarusian: выпрамяне́нне n (vypramjanjénnje)
• Catalan: radiació (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 放射 (zh) (fàngshè), 輻射 / 辐射 (zh) (fúshè)

• Dutch: straling (nl) f
• Finnish: säteily (fi)
• French: radiation (fr) f
• Georgian: გამოსხივება (gamosxiveba), სხივთფენა (sxivtpena)
• German: Strahlung (de) f
• Hungarian: radiáció (hu), sugárzás (hu), kisugárzás (hu)
• Indonesian: radiasi (id)
• Italian: radiazione (it) f
• Japanese: 放射 (ja) (ほうしゃ, hōsha), 輻射 (ja) (ふくしゃ, fukusha)
• Korean: 방사(放射) (ko) (bangsa), 폭사(輻射) (ko) (poksa)
• Malay: sinaran (ms)
• Maori: whitinga, tūhekenga (Such as evolution from a common source), hihinga
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: utstråling m or f

• Persian: تابش (fa) (tâbeš)
• Polish: promieniowanie (pl) n
• Portuguese: irradiação (pt) f, radiação (pt) f
• Romanian: radiație (ro) f
• Russian: излуче́ние (ru) n (izlučénije)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: радија́ција f, зра́че̄ње n

  Roman: radijácija (sh) f, zráčēnje (sh) n

• Slovene: sévanje (sl) n, žárčenje n
• Spanish: radiación (es) f
• Swedish: strålning (sv) c, utstrålning (sv) c
• Tagalog: ninag, radyasyon
• Ukrainian: випромі́нювання n (vypromínjuvannja), випромі́нення n (vypromínennja)
• Vietnamese: phóng xạ (vi) (放射), bức xạ (vi) (輻射)

process of radiating waves or particles

• Albanian: rrezatim (sq) m
• Armenian: ճառագայթում (hy) (čaṙagaytʻum)
• Belarusian: выпрамяне́нне n (vypramjanjénnje)
• Bulgarian: излъ́чване (bg) n (izlǎ́čvane), радиа́ция (bg) f (radiácija)
• Catalan: radiació (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: please add this translation if you can

• Czech: záření (cs) n
• Dutch: straling (nl) f
• Finnish: säteilytys (fi), säteilyttäminen (fi)
• Georgian: გამოსხივება (gamosxiveba), რადიაცია (radiacia)
• German: Strahlung (de) f
• Hungarian: sugárzás (hu)
• Indonesian: radiasi (id)
• Italian: radiazione (it) f
• Japanese: please add this translation if you can
• Kazakh: сәулелендіру (säulelendıru)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: tîrojdan (ku)

• Maori: whitinga
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: stråling (no) m or f

• Polish: promieniowanie (pl) n
• Portuguese: radiação (pt) f
• Russian: излуче́ние (ru) n (izlučénije)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: радија́ција f, зра́че̄ње n

  Roman: radijácija (sh) f, zráčēnje (sh) n

• Slovene: sévanje (sl) n, žárčenje n
• Spanish: radiación (es) f
• Swedish: strålning (sv) c
• Tagalog: radyasyon, dagalat (neologism)
• Turkish: ışınım (tr)
• Ukrainian: випромі́нювання n (vypromínjuvannja), випромі́нення n (vypromínennja)

transfer of energy via radiation

• Armenian: ճառագայթում (hy) (čaṙagaytʻum)
• Belarusian: выпрамяне́нне n (vypramjanjénnje)
• Bulgarian: излъ́чване (bg) n (izlǎ́čvane)
• Catalan: radiació (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: please add this translation if you can

• Czech: sálání n
• Danish: varmestråling c
• Finnish: säteily (fi)
• Georgian: გამოსხივება (gamosxiveba), რადიაცია (radiacia)
• Indonesian: radiasi (id)
• Italian: irraggiamento (it) m
• Maori: whitinga
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: stråling (no) m or f

• Polish: promieniowanie (pl) n
• Russian: излуче́ние (ru) n (izlučénije)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: радија́ција f, зра́че̄ње n

  Roman: radijácija (sh) f, zráčēnje (sh) n

• Slovene: sévanje (sl) n, žárčenje n
• Spanish: radiación (es) f
• Swedish: strålning (sv) c
• Tagalog: radyasyon, dagalat (neologism)
• Ukrainian: випромі́нювання n (vypromínjuvannja), випромі́нення n (vypromínennja)

radioactive energy

• Albanian: rrezatim (sq) m
• Arabic: إِشْعَاع m (ʔišʕāʕ)
• Armenian: ճառագայթում (hy) (čaṙagaytʻum)
• Azerbaijani: şüalanma, radiasiya
• Belarusian: радыя́цыя f (radyjácyja), выпрамяне́нне n (vypramjanjénnje)
• Bulgarian: радиа́ция (bg) f (radiácija), лъче́ние (bg) n (lǎčénie)
• Catalan: radiació (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 放射 (zh) (fàngshè), 輻射 / 辐射 (zh) (fúshè)

• Czech: záření (cs) n, radiace (cs) f
• Danish: stråling c
• Dutch: straling (nl) f
• Esperanto: radiado
• Estonian: kiirgus, radiatsioon
• Finnish: säteily (fi)
• French: radiation (fr) f, rayonnement (fr) m
• Georgian: რადიაცია (radiacia), გამოსხივება (gamosxiveba)
• German: Strahlung (de) f, Radiation (de) f
• Greek: ακτινοβολία (el) f (aktinovolía)
• Hebrew: קְרִינָה (he) f
• Hindi: विकिरण (hi) m (vikiraṇ)
• Hungarian: sugárzás (hu)
• Indonesian: radiasi (id)
• Italian: radiazione (it) f
• Japanese: 放射 (ja) (ほうしゃ, hōsha)
• Kazakh: радиация (radiasiä), шығару (şyğaru)
• Khmer: រស្មី (km) (rĕəʼsməy)
• Korean: 방사(放射) (ko) (bangsa)
• Kyrgyz: радиация (radiatsiya)
• Lao: ລັງສີ (lo) (lang sī)
• Latvian: starojums m, radiācija (lv) f
• Lithuanian: spinduliuotė f, radiacija f, spinduliavimas m
• Macedonian: радијација f (radijacija), зрачење n (zračenje)
• Malay: sinaran (ms)
• Maori: parawhiti, iraruke
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: stråling (no) m or f

• Persian: پرتو (fa) (partow)
• Polish: promieniowanie (pl) n, radiacja (pl) f
• Portuguese: radiação (pt) f
• Romanian: radiație (ro) f
• Russian: радиа́ция (ru) f (radiácija), излуче́ние (ru) n (izlučénije)
• Scottish Gaelic: rèididheachd f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: радија́ција f, зра́че̄ње n

  Roman: radijácija (sh) f, zráčēnje (sh) n

• Slovak: žiarenie n, radiácia f
• Slovene: sévanje (sl) n, žárčenje n, radiacija f
• Spanish: radiación (es) f
• Swahili: mnururisho (sw)
• Swedish: strålning (sv) c
• Tagalog: radyasyon, dagilap (neologism)
• Tajik: радиатсия (radiatsiya), афканишот (afkanišot), партав (partav)
• Thai: รังสี (th) (rang-sǐi)
• Turkish: radyasyon (tr)
• Turkmen: radiasiýa
• Ukrainian: радіа́ція f (radiácija), випромі́нювання n (vypromínjuvannja), випромі́нення n (vypromínennja)
• Uzbek: radiatsiya (uz), nurlanish
• Vietnamese: phóng xạ (vi) (放射)

diversification of an ancestral species

• German: Radiation (de) f, Auffächerung f

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Danish: stråling
• Estonian: kiiritus
• Irish: scaipeadh m, radaíocht f
• Welsh: pelydriad (cy) (1,2,3), ymbelydredd (4)

See also

• nucleomitophobia

Anagrams

• antiradio

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin radiātiōnem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁa.dja.sjɔ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

radiation f (plural radiations)

1. radiation (all meanings)

Derived terms

• ceinture de radiations de Van Allen

Related terms

• radier

Descendants

• → Romanian: radiație
• → Turkish: radyasyon

Further reading

• “radiation”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.