Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/helpō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *helpaną (“to help”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxel.pɔː/

Noun

*helpō f

1. help, aid, assistance

   Synonym: *hulpiz

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *helpō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*helpō	*helpôz
vocative	*helpō	*helpôz
accusative	*helpǭ	*helpōz
genitive	*helpōz	*helpǫ̂
dative	*helpōi	*helpōmaz
instrumental	*helpō	*helpōmiz

Derived terms

• *helpōlausaz

Descendants

• Old English: help
  • Middle English: help
    • English: help
    • Scots: help
• Old Frisian: helpe
  • Saterland Frisian: Hälpe
  • West Frisian: help
• Old Saxon: helpa
  • Middle Low German: helpe
• Old Dutch: helpa
  • Middle Dutch: helpe
• Old High German: helfa, hilfa
  • Middle High German: helfe, hilfa
    • Bavarian: Hülf

      Cimbrian: hölfe

      Mòcheno: hilf

    • German: Hilfe
    • Hunsrik: Hellef
    • Luxembourgish: Hëllef
    • Vilamovian: hyłf
    • Yiddish: הילף (hilf)
• Old Norse: hjǫlp
  • Icelandic: hjálp
  • Faroese: hjálp
  • Elfdalian: jåp
  • Old Swedish: hiælp
    • Swedish: hjälp
  • Danish: hjælp
    • Norwegian Bokmål: hjelp
  • Gutnish: hjälp
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: hjelp
• → Proto-Finnic: *hëlppo (see there for further descendants)