lunastaa

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lunastadak. Equivalent to lunas- +‎ -taa (for short n instead of nn, compare pakastaa); see lunnaat for the origin of the stem. Cognate with Estonian lunastama.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈlunɑstɑːˣ/, [ˈlunɑ̝s̠tɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
Rhymes: -unɑstɑː
Hyphenation^(key): lu‧nas‧taa

Verb

lunastaa

to reclaim (repossess, recover)
to redeem (recover ownership; convert into cash)
(religion) to redeem (save from a state of sin)
Synonyms: vapahtaa, armahtaa
to buy, reimburse, cash (to give something in exchange for something else)
to fulfill (e.g. a promise)
(insurance) to buy insured property that is damaged beyond economic repair (such as a totaled vehicle; done by the insurer)

Conjugation

Inflection of lunastaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation)

indicative mood

present tense

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

lunastan

en lunasta

1st sing.

olen lunastanut

en ole lunastanut

2nd sing.

lunastat

et lunasta

2nd sing.

olet lunastanut

et ole lunastanut

3rd sing.

lunastaa

ei lunasta

3rd sing.

on lunastanut

ei ole lunastanut

1st plur.

lunastamme

emme lunasta

1st plur.

olemme lunastaneet

emme ole lunastaneet

2nd plur.

lunastatte

ette lunasta

2nd plur.

olette lunastaneet

ette ole lunastaneet

3rd plur.

lunastavat

eivät lunasta

3rd plur.

ovat lunastaneet

eivät ole lunastaneet

passive

lunastetaan

ei lunasteta

passive

on lunastettu

ei ole lunastettu

past tense

pluperfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

lunastin

en lunastanut

1st sing.

olin lunastanut

en ollut lunastanut

2nd sing.

lunastit

et lunastanut

2nd sing.

olit lunastanut

et ollut lunastanut

3rd sing.

lunasti

ei lunastanut

3rd sing.

oli lunastanut

ei ollut lunastanut

1st plur.

lunastimme

emme lunastaneet

1st plur.

olimme lunastaneet

emme olleet lunastaneet

2nd plur.

lunastitte

ette lunastaneet

2nd plur.

olitte lunastaneet

ette olleet lunastaneet

3rd plur.

lunastivat

eivät lunastaneet

3rd plur.

olivat lunastaneet

eivät olleet lunastaneet

passive

lunastettiin

ei lunastettu

passive

oli lunastettu

ei ollut lunastettu

conditional mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

lunastaisin

en lunastaisi

1st sing.

olisin lunastanut

en olisi lunastanut

2nd sing.

lunastaisit

et lunastaisi

2nd sing.

olisit lunastanut

et olisi lunastanut

3rd sing.

lunastaisi

ei lunastaisi

3rd sing.

olisi lunastanut

ei olisi lunastanut

1st plur.

lunastaisimme

emme lunastaisi

1st plur.

olisimme lunastaneet

emme olisi lunastaneet

2nd plur.

lunastaisitte

ette lunastaisi

2nd plur.

olisitte lunastaneet

ette olisi lunastaneet

3rd plur.

lunastaisivat

eivät lunastaisi

3rd plur.

olisivat lunastaneet

eivät olisi lunastaneet

passive

lunastettaisiin

ei lunastettaisi

passive

olisi lunastettu

ei olisi lunastettu

imperative mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

—

1st sing.

—

2nd sing.

lunasta

älä lunasta

2nd sing.

—

3rd sing.

lunastakoon

älköön lunastako

3rd sing.

olkoon lunastanut

älköön olko lunastanut

1st plur.

lunastakaamme

älkäämme lunastako

1st plur.

—

2nd plur.

lunastakaa

älkää lunastako

2nd plur.

—

3rd plur.

lunastakoot

älkööt lunastako

3rd plur.

olkoot lunastaneet

älkööt olko lunastaneet

passive

lunastettakoon

älköön lunastettako

passive

olkoon lunastettu

älköön olko lunastettu

potential mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

lunastanen

en lunastane

1st sing.

lienen lunastanut

en liene lunastanut

2nd sing.

lunastanet

et lunastane

2nd sing.

lienet lunastanut

et liene lunastanut

3rd sing.

lunastanee

ei lunastane

3rd sing.

lienee lunastanut

ei liene lunastanut

1st plur.

lunastanemme

emme lunastane

1st plur.

lienemme lunastaneet

emme liene lunastaneet

2nd plur.

lunastanette

ette lunastane

2nd plur.

lienette lunastaneet

ette liene lunastaneet

3rd plur.

lunastanevat

eivät lunastane

3rd plur.

lienevät lunastaneet

eivät liene lunastaneet

passive

lunastettaneen

ei lunastettane

passive

lienee lunastettu

ei liene lunastettu

Nominal forms

infinitives

participles

active

passive

active

passive

1st

lunastaa

present

lunastava

lunastettava

long 1st¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	lunastaakseni	lunastaaksemme
2nd	lunastaaksesi	lunastaaksenne
3rd	lunastaakseen lunastaaksensa

past

lunastanut

lunastettu

2nd

inessive²

lunastaessa

lunastettaessa

agent⁴

lunastama

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	lunastaessani	lunastaessamme
2nd	lunastaessasi	lunastaessanne
3rd	lunastaessaan lunastaessansa

negative

lunastamaton

instructive

lunastaen

—

¹⁾ Used only with a possessive suffix.

²⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
³⁾ Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
⁴⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative form lunastaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.

3rd

inessive

lunastamassa

—

elative

lunastamasta

—

illative

lunastamaan

—

adessive

lunastamalla

—

abessive

lunastamatta

—

instructive

lunastaman

lunastettaman

4th³

verbal noun

lunastaminen

5th¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	lunastamaisillani	lunastamaisillamme
2nd	lunastamaisillasi	lunastamaisillanne
3rd	lunastamaisillaan lunastamaisillansa

Antonyms

anastaa

Derived terms

compounds

pakkolunastaa

Anagrams

alustaan, naulasta

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lunastadak. Cognates include Finnish lunastaa and Estonian lunastada.

Pronunciation

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈlunɑstɑː/, [ˈɫunɑs̠tɑ]
(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈlunɑstɑː/, [ˈɫunɑʃtɑː]
Rhymes: -unɑstɑː
Hyphenation: lu‧nas‧taa

Verb

lunastaa

(transitive) to buy
(transitive) to ransom
- 1937, N. A. Iljin, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (kolmas osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 102:
  A Kostьlin vast yli kuun viijest tuhatast lunassettii.
  And Kostьlin was ransomed just a month later for five thousand [rubles].
(transitive) to rescue
- 1937, N. A. Iljin, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (kolmas osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 101:
  Veljät, lunassakkaa! Veljät!
  Brothers, rescue [me]! Brothers!
(transitive) to bail out
(transitive, + allative) to repay, to reimburse

Conjugation

Conjugation of lunastaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, st-ss gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	lunassan	en lunassa	1st singular	oon lunastant, oon lunastanut	en oo lunastant, en oo lunastanut
2nd singular	lunassat	et lunassa	2nd singular	oot lunastant, oot lunastanut	et oo lunastant, et oo lunastanut
3rd singular	lunastaa	ei lunassa	3rd singular	ono lunastant, ono lunastanut	ei oo lunastant, ei oo lunastanut
1st plural	lunassamma	emmä lunassa	1st plural	oomma lunastanneet	emmä oo lunastanneet
2nd plural	lunassatta	että lunassa	2nd plural	ootta lunastanneet	että oo lunastanneet
3rd plural	lunastaat¹⁾, lunastavat²⁾, lunassettaa	evät lunassa, ei lunasseta	3rd plural	ovat lunastanneet	evät oo lunastanneet, ei oo lunassettu
impersonal	lunassettaa	ei lunasseta	impersonal	ono lunassettu	ei oo lunassettu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	lunassin	en lunastant, en lunastanut	1st singular	olin lunastant, olin lunastanut	en olt lunastant, en olt lunastanut
2nd singular	lunassit	et lunastant, et lunastanut	2nd singular	olit lunastant, olit lunastanut	et olt lunastant, et olt lunastanut
3rd singular	lunasti	ei lunastant, ei lunastanut	3rd singular	oli lunastant, oli lunastanut	ei olt lunastant, ei olt lunastanut
1st plural	lunassimma	emmä lunastanneet	1st plural	olimma lunastanneet	emmä olleet lunastanneet
2nd plural	lunassitta	että lunastanneet	2nd plural	olitta lunastanneet	että olleet lunastanneet
3rd plural	lunastiit¹⁾, lunastivat²⁾, lunassettii	evät lunastanneet, ei lunassettu	3rd plural	olivat lunastanneet	evät olleet lunastanneet, ei olt lunassettu
impersonal	lunassettii	ei lunassettu	impersonal	oli lunassettu	ei olt lunassettu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	lunastaisin	en lunastais	1st singular	olisin lunastant, olisin lunastanut	en olis lunastant, en olis lunastanut
2nd singular	lunastaisit, lunastaist¹⁾	et lunastais	2nd singular	olisit lunastant, olisit lunastanut	et olis lunastant, et olis lunastanut
3rd singular	lunastais	ei lunastais	3rd singular	olis lunastant, olis lunastanut	ei olis lunastant, ei olis lunastanut
1st plural	lunastaisimma	emmä lunastais	1st plural	olisimma lunastanneet	emmä olis lunastanneet
2nd plural	lunastaisitta	että lunastais	2nd plural	olisitta lunastanneet	että olis lunastanneet
3rd plural	lunastaisiit¹⁾, lunastaisivat²⁾, lunassettais	evät lunastais, ei lunassettais	3rd plural	olisivat lunastanneet	evät olis lunastanneet, ei olis lunassettu
impersonal	lunassettais	ei lunassettais	impersonal	olis lunassettu	ei olis lunassettu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	lunassa	elä lunassa	2nd singular	oo lunastant, oo lunastanut	elä oo lunastant, elä oo lunastanut
3rd singular	lunastakkoo	elköö lunastako	3rd singular	olkoo lunastant, olkoo lunastanut	elköö olko lunastant, elköö olko lunastanut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	lunastakkaa	elkää lunastako	2nd plural	olkaa lunastanneet	elkää olko lunastanneet
3rd plural	lunastakkoot	elkööt lunastako, elköö lunassettako	3rd plural	olkoot lunastanneet	elkööt olko lunastanneet, elköö olko lunassettu
impersonal	lunassettakoo	elköö lunassettako	impersonal	olkoo lunassettu	elköö olko lunassettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	lunastanen	en lunastane
2nd singular	lunastanet	et lunastane
3rd singular	lunastannoo	ei lunastane
1st plural	lunastanemma	emmä lunastane
2nd plural	lunastanetta	että lunastane
3rd plural	lunastannoot	evät lunastane, ei lunassettane
impersonal	lunassettanoo	ei lunassettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		lunastaa	present	lunastava	lunassettava
2nd	inessive	lunastaes	past	lunastant, lunastanut	lunassettu
2nd	instructive	lunastaen	¹⁾ Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. ²⁾ Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. ^) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (lunastakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. ^) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) to the indicative ^*) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) or -kse* to either the indicative or the potential ^***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-*, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	lunastammaa
	inessive	lunastamas
	elative	lunastamast
	abessive	lunastamata
4th	nominative	lunastamiin
	partitive	lunastamista, lunastamist

Synonyms

(to buy): ostaa, hankkia
(all senses): lunata

Derived terms

References

Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 281

Finnish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Antonyms

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Synonyms

Derived terms

References