kaki

See also: Käki, käki, Kaki, kākī, kaķi, and kaķī

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑːki/, /ˈkæki/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Homophone: khaki
• Rhymes: -ɑːki

A kaki (Japanese persimmon) fruit, whole and halved

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Japanese 柿(カキ) (kaki).

Noun

kaki (plural kakis)

1. a persimmon, more specifically the Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki).

Translations

persimmon

• Catalan: caqui (ca) m
• Chinese: 柿子 (zh) (shìzi)
• Czech: kaki (cs) n
• Esperanto: kakinoko
• French: plaqueminier (fr) m (tree), kaki (fr) m (fruit)
• German: Kaki (de) f, Kakipflaume f
• Italian: cachi (it) (colloquial singular caco)
• Japanese: 柿 (ja) (kaki)
• Korean: 감 (ko) (gam)
• Polish: kaki (pl) n
• Sicilian: lotu
• Vietnamese: hồng (vi)

Etymology 2

From Malay kaki (“legs, feet, accomplices”). Unrelated to Hokkien and Teochew 家己人 (ka-kī-lâng / ga¹ gi⁷ nang⁵, “one of us”).

Pronunciation

• (Singapore) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑki/

Noun

kaki (plural kakis)

1. (Singlish) A close friend, or group of friends.
   • 2000, Dennis Wee, Sylvia Fong, Making Luck with Your Hands, quoted in Jack Tsen-Ta Lee, A Dictionary of Singlish and Singapore English, Singapore, page 59:

     My usual mahjong kaki.

   • 2000 July 2, Yeow Kai Chai, The Sunday Times (Sunday Plus), quoted in Jack Tsen-Ta Lee, A Dictionary of Singlish and Singapore English, Singapore: Singapore Press Holdings Limited, page 5:

     He has his posse of stylist-kakis.

   • 2023, Narayanan Ganapathy, quoting an Omega gang member, Gangs and Minorities in Singapore: Masculinity, Marginalization and Resistance, Bristol University Press, →ISBN, page 127:

     That’s why gang members always move as a group, because when your group is big … when your enemy sees you with many kakis [peers], they will also think want to attack you or not […]

Etymology 3

Adjective

kaki

1. Misspelling of khaki.

Anagrams

• kaik

Brunei Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *kaki, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaqay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaqay.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaki/
• Hyphenation: ka‧ki

Noun

kaki

1. leg
2. (anatomy) foot
3. foot (unit of measure)

Synonyms

• (part of the body): batis

Czech

Kaki

Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 柿 (kaki).

Noun

kaki n (indeclinable)

1. persimmon fruit

   Synonyms: tomel, churma

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin cacō, Ancient Greek κᾰκκᾰ́ω (kakkáō), Italian cacare, German kacken, English cack, Polish kakać, Russian какать (kakatʹ), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kakka-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkaki]
• Rhymes: -aki
• Hyphenation: ka‧ki

Verb

kaki (present kakas, past kakis, future kakos, conditional kakus, volitive kaku)

1. (informal) to defecate, poop

   Synonym: feki

Conjugation

Conjugation of kaki

		present		past		future
		singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
tense		kakas		kakis		kakos
active participle		kakanta	kakantaj	kakinta	kakintaj	kakonta	kakontaj
	acc.	kakantan	kakantajn	kakintan	kakintajn	kakontan	kakontajn
nominal active participle		kakanto	kakantoj	kakinto	kakintoj	kakonto	kakontoj
	acc.	kakanton	kakantojn	kakinton	kakintojn	kakonton	kakontojn
adverbial active participle		kakante		kakinte		kakonte

infinitive		kaki						imperative		kaku						conditional		kakus

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑki/, [ˈkɑ̝k̟i]
• Rhymes: -ɑki
• Hyphenation^(key): ka‧ki

Etymology 1

Borrowing from Japanese 柿 (kaki).

Noun

kaki

1. persimmon

Declension

Inflection of kaki (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		kaki	kakit
genitive		kakin	kakien
partitive		kakia	kakeja
illative		kakiin	kakeihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kaki	kakit
accusative	nom.	kaki	kakit
	gen.	kakin
genitive		kakin	kakien
partitive		kakia	kakeja
inessive		kakissa	kakeissa
elative		kakista	kakeista
illative		kakiin	kakeihin
adessive		kakilla	kakeilla
ablative		kakilta	kakeilta
allative		kakille	kakeille
essive		kakina	kakeina
translative		kakiksi	kakeiksi
abessive		kakitta	kakeitta
instructive		—	kakein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of kaki (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kakini kakini accusative nom. kakini kakini gen. kakini genitive kakini kakieni partitive kakiani kakejani inessive kakissani kakeissani elative kakistani kakeistani illative kakiini kakeihini adessive kakillani kakeillani ablative kakiltani kakeiltani allative kakilleni kakeilleni essive kakinani kakeinani translative kakikseni kakeikseni abessive kakittani kakeittani instructive — — comitative — kakeineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kakisi kakisi accusative nom. kakisi kakisi gen. kakisi genitive kakisi kakiesi partitive kakiasi kakejasi inessive kakissasi kakeissasi elative kakistasi kakeistasi illative kakiisi kakeihisi adessive kakillasi kakeillasi ablative kakiltasi kakeiltasi allative kakillesi kakeillesi essive kakinasi kakeinasi translative kakiksesi kakeiksesi abessive kakittasi kakeittasi instructive — — comitative — kakeinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kakimme kakimme accusative nom. kakimme kakimme gen. kakimme genitive kakimme kakiemme partitive kakiamme kakejamme inessive kakissamme kakeissamme elative kakistamme kakeistamme illative kakiimme kakeihimme adessive kakillamme kakeillamme ablative kakiltamme kakeiltamme allative kakillemme kakeillemme essive kakinamme kakeinamme translative kakiksemme kakeiksemme abessive kakittamme kakeittamme instructive — — comitative — kakeinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kakinne kakinne accusative nom. kakinne kakinne gen. kakinne genitive kakinne kakienne partitive kakianne kakejanne inessive kakissanne kakeissanne elative kakistanne kakeistanne illative kakiinne kakeihinne adessive kakillanne kakeillanne ablative kakiltanne kakeiltanne allative kakillenne kakeillenne essive kakinanne kakeinanne translative kakiksenne kakeiksenne abessive kakittanne kakeittanne instructive — — comitative — kakeinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kakinsa kakinsa accusative nom. kakinsa kakinsa gen. kakinsa genitive kakinsa kakiensa partitive kakiaan kakiansa kakejaan kakejansa inessive kakissaan kakissansa kakeissaan kakeissansa elative kakistaan kakistansa kakeistaan kakeistansa illative kakiinsa kakeihinsa adessive kakillaan kakillansa kakeillaan kakeillansa ablative kakiltaan kakiltansa kakeiltaan kakeiltansa allative kakilleen kakillensa kakeilleen kakeillensa essive kakinaan kakinansa kakeinaan kakeinansa translative kakikseen kakiksensa kakeikseen kakeiksensa abessive kakittaan kakittansa kakeittaan kakeittansa instructive — — comitative — kakeineen kakeinensa

Synonyms

• kakiluumu
• persimon
• persimoni
• sharon

Derived terms

compounds

• kakiluumu

 

Further reading

• “kaki”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

Etymology 2

Verb

kaki

1. inflection of kakkia:
   1. present active indicative connegative
   2. second-person singular present imperative
   3. second-person singular present active imperative connegative

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ka.ki/

Etymology 1

Borrowing from Japanese 柿 (kaki); brought over from Japan in the nineteenth century.

Noun

kaki m (plural kakis)

1. persimmon, Sharon fruit
2. a persimmon tree

Etymology 2

Spelling evolved from khaki which was brought into French usage from the English, Hindu, Urdu and Persian word.

Alternative forms

• khaki (archaic)

Noun

kaki m or f (plural kakis)

1. the colour khaki

Adjective

kaki (plural kakis)

1. of the colour khaki

Further reading

• “kaki”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

German

Alternative forms

• khaki

Etymology

Borrowed from English khaki.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaːki/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ka‧ki

Adjective

kaki (indeclinable)

1. khaki (color)

References

• “kaki” in Duden online
• “kaki” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Hungarian

Etymology

Clipping and -i diminutive of kaka (“excrement”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkɒki]
• Hyphenation: ka‧ki
• Rhymes: -ki

Noun

kaki (plural kakik)

1. (informal, often childish) poo, poop (feces)

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	kaki	kakik
accusative	kakit	kakikat
dative	kakinak	kakiknak
instrumental	kakival	kakikkal
causal-final	kakiért	kakikért
translative	kakivá	kakikká
terminative	kakiig	kakikig
essive-formal	kakiként	kakikként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	kakiban	kakikban
superessive	kakin	kakikon
adessive	kakinál	kakiknál
illative	kakiba	kakikba
sublative	kakira	kakikra
allative	kakihoz	kakikhoz
elative	kakiból	kakikból
delative	kakiról	kakikról
ablative	kakitól	kakiktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	kakié	kakiké
non-attributive possessive - plural	kakiéi	kakikéi

Possessive forms of kaki
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	kakim	kakijaim (or kakiim)
2nd person sing.	kakid	kakijaid (or kakiid)
3rd person sing.	kakija	kakijai (or kakii)
1st person plural	kakink	kakijaink (or kakiink)
2nd person plural	kakitok	kakijaitok (or kakiitok)
3rd person plural	kakijuk	kakijaik (or kakiik)

Derived terms

• kakil

 

Further reading

• (feces): kaki in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• (alternative form of khaki): kaki , redirecting to khaki in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Anagrams

• akik

Iban

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *kaki.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kakɪi̯/

Noun

kaki

1. (anatomy) leg; foot

References

• Scott, N. C. (1956) A Dictionary of Sea Dayak‎^[2], School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkä.ki/
• Hyphenation: ka‧ki

Etymology 1

From Malay kaki, from Proto-Malayic *kaki, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaqay (compare Cia-Cia 까께 (kkakke)), from Proto-Austronesian *qaqay).

Noun

kaki (first-person possessive kakiku, second-person possessive kakimu, third-person possessive kakinya)

1. foot:
   1. (anatomy) a biological structure found in many animals that is used for locomotion and that is frequently a separate organ at the terminal part of the leg.
   2. a short foot-like projection on the bottom of an object to support it.

      kaki meja ― table leg

   3. the base or bottom of anything.

      kaki bukit ― foothill

   4. a unit of measure equal to twelve inches or one third of a yard, equal to exactly 30.48 centimetres.
2. (anatomy) leg

Synonyms

• (leg): tungkai

Classifier

kaki

1. classifier for umbrella

Derived terms

• berkaki
• berkaki-kaki
• berkaki-kakian
• berkaki-kakikan
• berkakian
• berkakikan
• dikaki
• dikaki-kaki
• dikaki-kakikan
• dikakikan
• diperkaki
• diperkaki-kaki
• diperkaki-kakikan
• diperkakikan
• kaki-kaki
• kaki-kakian
• kaki-kakikan
• kaki-kemaki
• kaki-kemakian
• kaki-kemakikan
• kekaki
• kekakian
• kekakikan
• kemaki
• kemakian
• kemakikan
• memperkaki
• memperkaki-kaki
• memperkaki-kakikan
• memperkakikan
• mengaki
• mengaki-kaki
• mengaki-kakikan
• mengakikan
• pengaki
• pengaki-kaki
• pengaki-kakian
• pengakian
• perkaki
• perkaki-kaki
• perkaki-kakian
• perkaki-kakikan
• perkakian
• perkakikan
• terkaki
• terkaki-kaki
• terkaki-kakikan
• terkakikan

 

• kaki belalang
• kaki bukit
• kaki celana
• kaki gajah
• kaki gunung
• kaki hutan
• kaki jantang
• kaki jenjang
• kaki katak
• kaki kuning
• kaki langit
• kaki lima
• kaki mantra
• kaki meja
• kaki naga
• kaki sajak
• kaki salah
• kaki sebelah dalam
• kaki seribu
• kaki surat
• kaki tangan
• kaki telanjang
• kaki tiga

 

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Noun

kaki (first-person possessive kakiku, second-person possessive kakimu, third-person possessive kakinya)

1. grandfather.

   Synonyms: aki, kakek

Etymology 3

From Japanese 柿(かき) (kaki, “persimmon”).

Noun

kaki (first-person possessive kakiku, second-person possessive kakimu, third-person possessive kakinya)

1. persimmon.

   Synonyms: kesemek, persimon

Etymology 4

From Dutch kaki (“khaki”), from Hindi ख़ाकी (xākī) / Urdu خاکی (xākī), from Persian خاکی (xâki, “dusty, earthy, earth-colored”).

Noun

kaki (first-person possessive kakiku, second-person possessive kakimu, third-person possessive kakinya)

1. alternative spelling of khaki.

Further reading

• “kaki” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Adjective

kaki (invariable)

1. Alternative form of cachi

Noun

kaki m (invariable)

1. Alternative form of cachi

Japanese

Romanization

kaki

1. Rōmaji transcription of かき
2. Rōmaji transcription of カキ

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kakъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkakʲi/

Determiner

kaki

1. what?, what kind of?, what sort of?

Declension

Declension of kaki

	Masculine singular	Feminine singular	Neuter singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	kaki	kaka	kake	kakej	kake
Genitive	kakego	kakeje	kakego	kakeju	kakich
Dative	kakemu	kakej	kakemu	kakima	kakim
Accusative	kaki kakego (animate)	kaku	kake	kakej kakeju (animate)	kake kakich (optional animate form)
Instrumental	kakim	kakeju	kakim	kakima	kakimi
Locative	kakem	kakej	kakem	kakima	kakich

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaki/
• Rhymes: -aki, -ki, -i

• Audio (Malaysia):

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayic *kaki from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaqay (compare Cia-Cia 까께 (kkakke)), from Proto-Austronesian *qaqay. Change from *q to *k is irregular, the expected reflex would be *hahai or *hahi.

Noun

kaki (Jawi spelling کاکي, plural kaki-kaki, informal 1st possessive kakiku, 2nd possessive kakimu, 3rd possessive kakinya)

1. (anatomy) foot (part of body), leg

   gelang kaki: anklet

   mata kaki: ankle

   1. a short foot-like projection on the bottom of an object to support it.

      kaki meja: table leg

2. bottom, low or base part of something

   kaki langit: horizon

   kaki gunung: base of a mountain

   kaki dadih: whey

3. (in compounds) person with an affinity to something

   kaki wayang: cinephile

   kaki botol: drunkard

4. foot (unit of measure)

Classifier

kaki (Jawi spelling کاکي, singular sekaki)

1. Classifier for items with a long base and a blooming or rising head such as flowers, umbrellas or mushrooms

Derived terms

• jari kaki
• kaki ampu
• kaki arak
• kaki ayam
• kaki bangkang
• kaki bangku
• kaki belit
• kaki bodek
• kaki bola
• kaki borak
• kaki botol
• kaki bual
• kaki buli
• kaki gaduh
• kaki judi
• kaki kipas
• kaki langit
• kaki lilin
• kaki lima
• kaki minum
• kaki ponteng
• kaki pukul
• kaki sembang
• kaki tangan
• kaki tidur
• kaki tiga
• kaki umpat
• mata kaki
• sarung kaki

 

Descendants

• Indonesian: kaki
• → Acehnese: gaki
• → Banjarese: kaki
• → Min Nan: 腳距／脚距 (kioh-kī)

Etymology 2

From Japanese 柿 (kaki).

Noun

kaki (plural kaki-kaki, informal 1st possessive kakiku, 2nd possessive kakimu, 3rd possessive kakinya)

1. Ellipsis of pisang kaki — persimmon, more specifically the Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki).

   Synonym: kesemek

References

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “کاکي kaki”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, pages 74-5
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “کاکي kaki”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, pages 496-7
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “kaki”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 496

Further reading

• “kaki” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Norman

Etymology

Borrowed from English khaki.

Noun

kaki m (uncountable)

1. (Jersey) khaki

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From English khaki.

Noun

kaki m (definite singular kakien, uncountable)

1. khaki

Adjective

kaki (definite and plural kaki or kakie)

1. khaki

Etymology 2

Noun

kaki m (definite singular kakien, indefinite plural kakiar, definite plural kakiane)

1. (botany) a persimmon

Anagrams

• akki, kika

Panyjima

Noun

kaki

1. Bird.

References

• Dench, Alan (1991). "Panyjima", in R.M.W. Dixon and Barry J. Blake: The Handbook of Australian Languages, Volume 4. Melbourne: Oxford University Press Australia, 125–244.

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from English kaki.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈka.ki/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aki
• Syllabification: ka‧ki
• Homophone: khaki

Noun

kaki n (indeclinable)

1. Japanese persimmon, kaki (fruit)

   Synonyms: persymona, szaron

2. Japanese persimmon, kaki (tree)

   Synonyms: hebanowiec, hurma, persymona, szaron

Further reading

• kaki in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• kaki in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Remun

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *kaki.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaki/

Noun

kaki

1. (anatomy) leg; foot

Romanian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French kaki.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaˈki/

Adjective

kaki m or f or n (indeclinable)

1. khaki

Declension

invariable		singular				plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine		masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	kaki		kaki		kaki	kaki
	definite	—		—		—	—
genitive/ dative	indefinite	kaki		kaki		kaki	kaki
	definite	—		—		—	—

Noun

kaki n (uncountable)

1. khaki (colour)

Declension

declension of kaki (singular only)

	singular
n gender	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) kaki	kakiul
genitive/dative	(unui) kaki	kakiului
vocative	kakiule

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French kaki.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaki/

Noun

kaki n (uncountable)

1. persimmon

Declension

declension of kaki (singular only)

	singular
n gender	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) kaki	kakiul
genitive/dative	(unui) kaki	kakiului
vocative	kakiule

Tagalog

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Malay kaki (“foot”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /kaˈki/ [kɐˈxi]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: ka‧ki

Noun

kakí (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜃᜒ)

1. foot-tapping; beating tempo with the feet

   Synonym: pagkaki

Derived terms

• kumaki
• pagkaki

 

See also

• kumpas

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish caqui, from English khaki, ultimately from Persian خاکی (xâki, “dusty, earthy, earth-colored”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈkaki/ [ˈkaː.xɪ]
• Rhymes: -aki
• Syllabification: ka‧ki

Noun

kaki (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜃᜒ)

1. khaki
2. (military) khakis

Adjective

kaki (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜃᜒ)

1. khaki

Further reading

• “kaki”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Serrano-Laktaw, Pedro (1914) Diccionario tagálog-hispano, Ateneo de Manila, page 425.
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎^[3] (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
• Zorc, David Paul (1981) Core Etymological Dictionary of Filipino: Part 2, page xv

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [kaː˧˧ ki˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [kaː˧˧ kɪj˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [kaː˧˧ kɪj˧˧]
• Phonetic spelling: ca ki

Noun

kaki

1. Alternative form of ca-ki