| № | English | Proto-Uralic
edit (137) |
|---|
| 1 | I (1sg) | *minä |
| 2 | you (2sg) | *tinä |
| 3 | he, she, it (3sg) | *sᴕ̈ (PFU) |
| 4 | we (1pl) | *me |
| 5 | you (2pl) | *te |
| 6 | they (3pl) | *sej (PFU) |
| 7 | this | *e, *tä |
| 8 | that | *će, *to |
| 9 | here | *tä- |
| 10 | there | *to- |
| 11 | who | *ke, *ku- |
| 12 | what | *mi |
| 13 | where | *ku- |
| 14 | when | *ku- |
| 15 | how | *ku- |
| 16 | not | *ä-, *e-, *ne- (PFU?) |
| 17 | all | *we(ń)ćɜ |
| 18 | many | *enä, *paljɜ |
| 19 | some | |
| 20 | few | |
| 21 | other | *mu |
| 22 | one | *ikte |
| 23 | two | *kakta |
| 24 | three | *kolme |
| 25 | four | *ńeljä |
| 26 | five | *witte |
| 27 | big | *enä, *erɜ, *ulɜ |
| 28 | long | *piδe(kä), *kawka, *ko(ń)ćɜ |
| 29 | wide | *kumte (PFU) |
| 30 | thick | *kise (PFU), *teppɜ (PFU) |
| 31 | heavy | *läwlɜ (PFU) |
| 32 | small | |
| 33 | short | *ona (PFU) |
| 34 | narrow | *tijä, *ćuppa (PFU), *kä(n)čɜ (PFU), *śorɜ (PFU) |
| 35 | thin | *čupa (PFU), *wekkɜ (PFU) |
| 36 | woman | *emä, *niŋä, *naje (PFU) |
| 37 | man (adult male) | *koj-ra, *irkä (PFU), *urɜ (PFU) |
| 38 | man (human being) | *koje, *koj-mɜ |
| 39 | child | |
| 40 | wife | |
| 41 | husband | |
| 42 | mother | *emä, *ańa (?) |
| 43 | father | *ićä, *äćä |
| 44 | animal | |
| 45 | fish | *kala |
| 46 | bird | *lunta |
| 47 | dog | *pene (PFU) |
| 48 | louse | *täje (PFU) |
| 49 | snake | *kije |
| 50 | worm | *kᴕlɜ, *koje (PFU), *perkɜ (PFU), *tońćɜ (PFU) |
| 51 | tree | *puwɜ |
| 52 | forest | *majδ̕a, *wamta (PFU) |
| 53 | stick | |
| 54 | fruit | |
| 55 | seed | |
| 56 | leaf | *korɜ (PFU), *korwa (PFU) |
| 57 | root | *wa(n)če |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | *ćäptɜ, *kopa, *perɜ, *kere (PFU), *kärnä (PFU), *koja (PFU), *śuka (PFU) |
| 59 | flower | *ćᴕrɜ (PFU) |
| 60 | grass | |
| 61 | rope | |
| 62 | skin | *ćäptɜ, *kama, *kopa, *perɜ, *keδ̕e (PFU), *śuka (PFU), *talja (PFU) |
| 63 | meat | |
| 64 | blood | *were |
| 65 | bone | *luwe, *täktä (PFU) |
| 66 | fat (noun) | *śilä, *kuje (PFU), *woje (PFU) |
| 67 | egg | *muna |
| 68 | horn | *aŋtɜ, *śorwa (PFU) |
| 69 | tail | *mä(ń)ćɜ, *pa(n)čɜ (PFU), *poĺa (PFU) |
| 70 | feather | *tulka |
| 71 | hair | *apte, *puna (PFU), *śäŋe (PFU) |
| 72 | head | *ojwa, *päŋe, *ukɜ |
| 73 | ear | *peljä (PFU) |
| 74 | eye | *śilmä |
| 75 | nose | *nere |
| 76 | mouth | *śuwe, *šule (PFU) |
| 77 | tooth | *piŋe (PFU) |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | *kele, *ńälmä (PFU) |
| 79 | fingernail | *ki(n)če (PFU) |
| 80 | foot | *jalka (PFU), *päĺkɜ (PFU) |
| 81 | leg | *počka, *jalka (PFU), *päĺkɜ (PFU) |
| 82 | knee | *polwe, *puńća, *śänčɜ |
| 83 | hand | *käte (PFU) |
| 84 | wing | *tulka, *paŋka (PFU) |
| 85 | belly | *ćowja (?), *pikkä (PFU), *kunɜ (PFU) |
| 86 | guts | *śola (PFU) |
| 87 | neck | *ńᴕkkɜ, *śepä (PFU), *turja (PFU) |
| 88 | back | *kuttɜ, *čänčä (PFU), *tuppɜ (PFU) |
| 89 | breast | *mälke (PFU), *mᴕlɜ (PFU), *poŋe-sɜ (PFU) |
| 90 | heart | *śiδä-mɜ (PFU) |
| 91 | liver | *maksa |
| 92 | to drink | *irɜ-, *juγe (PFU) |
| 93 | to eat | *sewe- (PFU) |
| 94 | to bite | *pure-, *soske-, *karɜ- (PFU) |
| 95 | to suck | *ime- |
| 96 | to spit | *śiĺke- (PFU) |
| 97 | to vomit | |
| 98 | to blow | *pušɜ-, *puwɜ- |
| 99 | to breathe | |
| 100 | to laugh | |
| 101 | to see | *wᴕjɜ-, *näke- (PFU), *wäntɜ- (PFU), *wića- (PFU), *woppe- (PFU) |
| 102 | to hear | *kule- (PFU) |
| 103 | to know | *kačɜ- (PFU) |
| 104 | to think | |
| 105 | to smell | |
| 106 | to fear | *pele- |
| 107 | to sleep | *oδa- (PFU) |
| 108 | to live | *elä-, *le- (PFU) |
| 109 | to die | *jama-, *kola-, *śure- (PFU) |
| 110 | to kill | *weδɜ- (PFU) |
| 111 | to fight | *torɜ- |
| 112 | to hunt | *aja- (PFU), *wačɜ- (PFU) |
| 113 | to hit | *peksä-, *äktɜ- (PFU), *ćappɜ- (PFU), *čaŋɜ- (PFU), *kajɜ- (PFU) |
| 114 | to cut | *lekka-, *parɜ-, *pečkä-, *äktɜ- (PFU), *jenɜ- (PFU), *rokɜ- (PFU), *śale- (PFU), *śälä- (PFU) |
| 115 | to split | *pakka- (PFU), *rᴕ̈ppɜ- (PFU), *śale- (PFU) |
| 116 | to stab | *δ̕ᴕkkɜ- (PFU), *pelɜ- (PFU), *puske- (PFU) |
| 117 | to scratch | *ńirɜ-, *korɜ- (PFU), *wačɜ- (PFU), *wole- (PFU) |
| 118 | to dig | *kojwa-, *kanɜ- (PFU), *kurɜ- (PFU), *toprɜ- (PFU) |
| 119 | to swim | *uje- |
| 120 | to fly | *lempɜ- (PFU), *rᴕ̈ppɜ- (PFU), *šilkɜ- (PFU) |
| 121 | to walk | *juta- |
| 122 | to come | *saγe-, *tule-, *šärɜ- (PFU) |
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | *kujɜ- (PFU), *oδa- (PFU) |
| 124 | to sit | *amɜ-, *päkkɜ- (PFU) |
| 125 | to stand | *salkɜ- (PFU), *saŋća- (PFU) |
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | *peŋe- (PFU) |
| 127 | to fall | *ećɜ-, *kirke- (PFU) |
| 128 | to give | *miγe-, *toγe-, *amta- (PFU) |
| 129 | to hold | *pitä- (PFU) |
| 130 | to squeeze | *ičɜ- (PFU) |
| 131 | to rub | |
| 132 | to wash | *muśke- |
| 133 | to wipe | *čočɜ- |
| 134 | to pull | *kᴕčɜ-, *wetä- (PFU) |
| 135 | to push | *likkä- (PFU), *nikkä- (PFU), *śurwa- (PFU), *tekɜ- (PFU), *tojɜ- (PFU), *tᴕŋɜ- (PFU) |
| 136 | to throw | *wettä- (PFU), *wićka- (PFU) |
| 137 | to tie | *kure-, *śalɜ-, *kärɜ- (PFU), *kitke- (PFU), *pitɜ- (PFU) |
| 138 | to sew | *workɜ- (PFU) |
| 139 | to count | *luke- |
| 140 | to say | *mᴕnɜ- |
| 141 | to sing | *mura- |
| 142 | to play | *kᴕ̈śɜ- (PFU) |
| 143 | to float | *lempɜ- (PFU), *šilkɜ- (PFU) |
| 144 | to flow | *ćorɜ- |
| 145 | to freeze | |
| 146 | to swell | |
| 147 | sun | *päjwä |
| 148 | moon | *kuŋe |
| 149 | star | *täštä |
| 150 | water | *wete |
| 151 | rain | *śada- |
| 152 | river | *joke |
| 153 | lake | *jäwrä |
| 154 | sea | |
| 155 | salt | *salɜ |
| 156 | stone | *kiwe |
| 157 | sand | *porɜ |
| 158 | dust | *porɜ |
| 159 | earth | *mëxe, *muďa |
| 160 | cloud | |
| 161 | fog | |
| 162 | sky | |
| 163 | wind | |
| 164 | snow | |
| 165 | ice | |
| 166 | smoke | |
| 167 | fire | |
| 168 | ash | |
| 169 | to burn | |
| 170 | road | |
| 171 | mountain | |
| 172 | red | |
| 173 | green | |
| 174 | yellow | |
| 175 | white | |
| 176 | black | |
| 177 | night | |
| 178 | day | |
| 179 | year | |
| 180 | warm | |
| 181 | cold | |
| 182 | full | |
| 183 | new | |
| 184 | old | |
| 185 | good | |
| 186 | bad | |
| 187 | rotten | |
| 188 | dirty | |
| 189 | straight | |
| 190 | round | |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | |
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | |
| 193 | smooth | |
| 194 | wet | |
| 195 | dry | |
| 196 | correct | |
| 197 | near | |
| 198 | far | |
| 199 | right | |
| 200 | left | |
| 201 | at | |
| 202 | in | |
| 203 | with | |
| 204 | and | |
| 205 | if | |
| 206 | because | |
| 207 | name | |
