Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/śarwe

This Proto-Uralic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Uralic

Etymology

Most likely borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hwás (“horn”). Ob-Ugric reflexes meaning “bull elk” have sometimes been included, but they may also be separate loans from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHabʰás (“horned animal”), cf. Sanskrit शरभ (śarabhá). May have replaced *aŋte (“horn”) in all European branches, unless this is an areal Siberian term.

Noun

*śarwe

1. antler, horn

   Synonym: *aŋte

Alternative reconstructions

• *śarwi (Aikio 2020)

Reconstruction notes

The Mordvinic and Samic reflexes indicate *śorwa, which according to Aikio (2016) is a regular secondary development from *śarwe, as indicated by Finnic and Hungarian.

Descendants

• Ugric:
  • Hungarian: szarv
• Proto-Permic: *śur
  • Komi:
    • Komi-Permyak: сюр (śur)
    • Komi-Yazva: сюр (śur)
    • Komi-Zyrian: сюр (śur)
  • Udmurt: сюр (śur)
• Proto-Mari: *šur
  • Eastern Mari: шур (šur)
  • Western Mari: шур (šur)
• Proto-Mordvinic: *śurə
  • Erzya: сюро (śuro), сюра (śura)
  • Moksha: сюра (śura)
• Proto-Samic: *čoarvē
  • Western Samic:
    • Southern Sami: tjåervie
    • Ume Sami: tjå̄rvvie
    • Pite Sami: tjå̄rrve
    • Lule Sami: tjoarvve
    • Northern Sami: čoarvi
  • Eastern Samic:
    • Inari Sami: čuárˈvi
    • Skolt Sami: čuäʹrvv
    • Akkala Sami: чуэррьв (čuerr’v)
    • Kildin Sami: чуэррьв (čuerr’v)
    • Ter Sami: čïerrʹve
• Proto-Finnic: *sarvi
  • Estonian: sarv
  • Finnish: sarvi
  • Ingrian: sarvi
  • Karelian: šarvi, sarvi
  • Livonian: sǭra, (Salaca) saru
  • Livvi: sarvi
  • Ludian: sar'v
  • Veps: sar'v
  • Votic: sarvi

External links

• Entry #978 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

References

• Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
• Aikio, Ante. 2016. "The Finnic 'secondary e-stems' and Proto-Uralic vocalism". Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 95, pp. 25–66.
• Sammallahti, Pekka (1988) “Historical Phonology of the Uralic Languages”, in Denis, Sinor, editor, The Uralic Languages: Description, History and Foreign Influences, Leiden: E. J. Brill, →ISBN, pages 478-554