User:Matthias Buchmeier/en-pl-e
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each {determiner} (every) | :: każdy |
each {adv} (per) | :: każde |
each and every {determiner} (each without exception) | :: wszyscy bez wyjątku, wszystkie bez wyjątku |
each other {pron} (to one another; one to the other) | :: nawzajem |
each to his own {proverb} (to each his own) SEE: to each his own | :: |
eager {adj} (excited by desire in the pursuit of any object) | :: gorliwy |
eagle {n} (any of several large carnivorous birds in the family Accipitridae) | :: orzeł {m-an}, bielik {m-an} |
eagle {n} (a gold coin with a face value of $10.00) | :: dziesięciodolarówka {f} |
eagle owl {n} (large owl of genus Bubo) | :: puchacz {m-an} |
eaglet {n} (an eagle chick) | :: orlę {n}, orlątko {n} |
ear {n} (fruiting body of a grain plant) | :: kłos {m} |
ear {v} (archaic: to plough) | :: orać |
ear {v} (plough) SEE: plough | :: |
ear {n} (external part of the organ of hearing) SEE: pinna | :: |
ear {n} (organ of hearing) | :: ucho {n} |
ear {n} (slang: police informant) | :: konfident {m}, szpicel {m} |
earache {n} (pain in the ear) | :: otalgia, ból ucha |
earcap {n} (A cap or cover to protect the ear from cold) | :: nausznik {m} |
eardrum {n} (membrane separating outer and middle ears) | :: błona bębenkowa {f} |
ear lobe {n} (a part of the ear) | :: małżowina {f} |
early {adj} (at a time in advance of the usual) | :: wczesny |
early {adj} (arriving at a time before expected) | :: wczesny |
early {adj} (near the start or beginning) | :: wczesny, początkowy |
early {adv} (at a time before expected) | :: wcześnie |
early bird {n} (one who wakes early) | :: ranny ptaszek {m}, skowronek {m} |
early riser {n} (early bird) SEE: early bird | :: |
earmuff {n} (garment to keep the ears warm) | :: nausznik {m-in}, nauszniki {m-in-p} |
earn {v} (transitive: receive (money) for working) | :: zarabiać {impf}, zarobić {pf} |
earn {v} (deserve) | :: zasłużyć {pf} |
earn {v} (intransitive: receive money for working) | :: zarabiać {impf}, zarobić {pf} |
earphone {n} (sound device held near the ear) | :: słuchawki {p} |
earphones {n} (small speakers worn over the ears) | :: słuchawki {f-p} |
earring {n} (piece of jewelry) | :: kolczyk {m} |
ear shell {n} (abalone) SEE: abalone | :: |
earth {n} (soil) | :: ziemia |
earth {n} (any general rock-based material) | :: ziemia |
earth {n} (electrical connection) | :: uziemienie |
earth {n} (one of the four basic elements) | :: ziemia |
earth {n} (one of the five basic elements) | :: ziemia |
earth {v} (connect electrically to the earth) | :: uziemić |
earth {v} (to bury) | :: zakopać |
earth {prop} (our planet, third out from the Sun) SEE: Earth | :: |
Earth {prop} (third planet of the Solar System) | :: Ziemia {f} |
Earth {prop} (personification of Earth) SEE: Mother Earth | :: |
Earthling {n} (inhabitant of the planet Earth) | :: Ziemianin {m}, Ziemianka {f} |
earth pig {n} (aardvark) SEE: aardvark | :: |
earthquake {n} (shaking of the surface of a planet) | :: trzęsienie ziemi {n} |
earthworm {n} (worm (animal)) | :: dżdżownica {f} |
earwax {n} (waxy substance secreted by the ear) | :: woskowina |
earwig {n} (the insect) | :: skorek {m}, zausznik {m}, szczypawka {f} |
earworm {n} (earwig) SEE: earwig | :: |
easel {n} (upright frame for displaying or supporting something) | :: sztaluga {f} |
easement {n} (legal right to use another person's property) | :: serwitut |
east {n} (compass point) | :: wschód {m-in} |
east {adj} (in or towards the east) | :: wschodni |
east {adj} (meteorology: easterly) | :: wschodni |
east {adj} (of or pertaining to the east) | :: wschodni |
east {adj} (from the East) | :: wschodni |
east {adv} (towards the east) | :: na wschód, ku wschodowi |
East {prop} (Eastern world) | :: Orient {m} |
East African {adj} (relating to East Africa) | :: wschodnioafrykański |
East Anglia {prop} (area of eastern England) | :: Anglia Wschodnia {f} |
East Asia {prop} (eastern subregion of Asia) | :: Azja Wschodnia {f} |
East Asian {adj} (of, from, or pertaining to East Asia) | :: wschodnioazjatycki |
East Berlin {prop} (the Soviet sector of Berlin between 1949 and 1990) | :: Berlin Wschodni {m} |
East China Sea {prop} (a sea) | :: Morze Wschodniochińskie {n} |
East Coast {prop} (the eastern seaboard of the United States) | :: Wschodnie Wybrzeże {n} |
Easter {n} (Christian holiday) | :: Wielkanoc {f}, Pascha {f} |
Easter Bunny {prop} (Symbolic rabbit sometimes depicted delivering Easter eggs to children) | :: zając wielkanocny {m} |
Easter egg {n} (a dyed or decorated egg) | :: jajko wielkanocne {n}, [dyed] pisanka {f} |
Easter Island {prop} (Island in the Pacific) | :: Wyspa Wielkanocna {f} |
eastern {adj} (related to the east) | :: wschodni |
eastern {adj} (blowing from the east) | :: wschodni {m} |
Eastern Bloc {prop} (the largely Communist countries of the eastern world) | :: blok wschodni {m} |
Eastern Europe {prop} (Eastern Europe) | :: Europa Wschodnia {f} |
Eastern European {adj} (Eastern European) | :: wschodnioeuropejski {m} |
Eastern Herzegovinian {n} (a Shtokavian subdialect) | :: wschodniohercegowiński |
Eastern Orthodox {adj} (pertaining to the Eastern Orthodox Church) | :: prawosławny |
Easter Sunday {prop} (Easter Sunday) | :: Niedziela Wielkanocna {f} |
East Flanders {prop} (East Flanders) | :: Flandria Wschodnia {f} |
East German {adj} (East German) | :: wschodnioniemiecki {m} |
East Germany {prop} (former European country) | :: Niemcy Wschodnie {n}, Niemiecka Republika Demokratyczna {f} (NRD) |
East Sea {prop} (South China Sea) SEE: South China Sea | :: |
East Sea {prop} (Baltic sea) SEE: Baltic Sea | :: |
East Sea {prop} (Sea of Japan) SEE: Sea of Japan | :: |
East Sea {prop} (Dead Sea) SEE: Dead Sea | :: |
East Sea {prop} (East China Sea) SEE: East China Sea | :: |
East Slavic {adj} (of or relating to the East Slavs) | :: wschodniosłowiański |
East Timor {prop} (Country in Oceania) | :: Timor Wschodni {m-in} |
East Timorese {adj} (of, from, or pertaining to East Timor or the East Timorese people) | :: wschodniotimorski |
East Turkestan {prop} (Xinjiang) SEE: Xinjiang | :: |
eastward {adv} (towards the east) | :: na wschód |
easy {adj} (comfortable) SEE: comfortable | :: |
easy {adj} (requiring little skill or effort) | :: łatwy, lekki, prosty |
easy {adj} (consenting readily to sex) | :: łatwy {m}, łatwa {f} |
easy as pie {adj} (very easy) | :: bułka z masłem |
easy come, easy go {proverb} (easily won and easily lost; usually said when resigned to a loss) | :: łatwo przyszło, łatwo poszło |
eat {v} (to ingest, see also: consume; ingest) | :: jeść {impf}, zjeść {pf}, żreć [used for animals and ill-mannered people] |
eatable {adj} (able to be eaten) SEE: edible | :: |
eater {n} (one who eats) | :: zjadacz |
eatery {n} (a restaurant or café) | :: knajpa |
eating disorder {n} (psychological disorder) | :: zaburzenia odżywiania |
eat like a bird {v} (to eat small amounts) | :: jeść jak ptaszek |
eau de toilette {n} (lightly scented perfume) | :: woda toaletowa {f} |
eaves {n} (underside of a roof) | :: okap {m} |
eavesdrop {v} (to hear a conversation one is not intended to hear) | :: podsłuchiwać {impf}, podsłuchać {pf} |
eavesdropper {n} (one who eavesdrops) | :: podsłuchiwacz {m}, podsłuchiwaczka {f} |
ebb {n} (receding movement of the tide) | :: odpływ {m} |
ebb {n} (low tide) | :: odpływ {m} |
e-bike {n} (bicycle powered by an electric motor) | :: rower elektryczny {m}, e-rower {m} |
ebonite {n} (product of vulcanizing rubber with sulfur) | :: ebonit {m} |
ebony {n} (wood) | :: heban {m-in} |
ebony {n} (tree) | :: heban |
ebony {n} (colour) | :: heban {m-in} |
ebony {adj} (made of ebony wood) | :: hebanowy |
ebony {adj} (deep, dark black colour) | :: hebanowy |
e-book {n} (electronic book) | :: e-book {m}, książka elektroniczna {f}, e-książka {f}, ebook {m}, eBook {m} |
e-book reader {n} (e-reader) SEE: e-reader | :: |
Ebro {prop} (Spanish river) | :: Ebro {n} |
ebullience {n} (quality of enthusiastic or lively expression of feelings and thoughts) | :: żywiołowość |
ebullient {adj} (enthusiastic) | :: entuzjastyczny {m} |
ebullient {adj} (agitated) | :: pobudzony {m} |
eccentric {adj} (deviating from the norm) | :: ekscentryczny |
eccentric {n} (person who does not behave like others) | :: ekscentryk {m}, ekscentryczka {f}, ekscentrycy {m-p}, ekscentryczki {f-p} |
eccentric {n} (off-centre wheel) | :: ekscentryk {m}, mimośród {m} |
eccentrically {adv} (in an eccentric manner) | :: ekscentrycznie |
eccentricity {n} (the quality of being eccentric) | :: ekscentryczność {f} |
eccentricity {n} (eccentric behaviour) | :: ekscentryczność {f}, ekscentryzm {m} |
eccentricity {n} (a ratio between distances in a conic section) | :: ekscentryczność {f}, mimośród {m} |
ecchymosis {n} (skin discoloration) SEE: bruise | :: |
Ecclesiastes {prop} (book of the Bible) | :: Księga Koheleta {f} |
ecclesiastical {adj} (pertaining to the church) | :: kościelny, eklezjalny |
Ecclesiasticus {prop} (book of the Bible) | :: Mądrość Syracha {f} |
ecclesiology {n} (branch of theology) | :: eklezjologia {f} |
ecdysiast {n} (stripper) | :: striptizer {m}, striptizerka {f} |
echelon {n} ((military) formation of troops) | :: eszelon {m} |
echidna {n} (any of the four species of small spined monotremes) | :: kolczatka {f} |
echinoderm {n} (member of the Echinodermata) | :: szkarłupień |
echo {n} (reflected sound) | :: echo {n} |
echo chamber {n} ((derogatory) communication space which refuses the input of outsiders) | :: kółko wzajemnej adoracji {n} |
echolalia {n} (echoing of words or phrases) | :: echolalia {f} |
echolocation {n} (use of echos to detect objects) | :: echolokacja {f} |
eclaircise {v} (to make clear) SEE: clarify | :: |
eclectic {adj} (selecting a mixture of what appear to be best of various doctrines, methods or styles) | :: eklektyczny |
eclipse {n} (passage of a planetary object between others) | :: zaćmienie {n} |
ecliptic {n} (Earth's orbital plane) | :: ekliptyka {f} |
eco- {prefix} (concerning ecology or the environment) | :: eko- |
ecofeminism {n} (a sociopolitical movement combining feminism and environmentalism) | :: ekofeminizm {m} |
ecologic {adj} (related to ecology) SEE: ecological | :: |
ecological {adj} (relating to ecology) | :: ekologiczny |
ecologically {adv} (in an ecological manner) | :: ekologicznie |
ecologist {n} (A scientist who studies ecology) | :: ekolog {m} |
ecology {n} (branch of biology) | :: ekologia {f} |
econometrics {n} (branch of economics) | :: ekonometria {f} |
economic {adj} (pertaining to an economy) | :: ekonomiczny |
economic {adj} (cheap) | :: ekonomiczny |
economic {adj} (pertaining to the study of money) | :: ekonomiczny |
economical {adj} (relating to economy) SEE: economic | :: |
economically {adv} (in an economic or profitable manner) | :: ekonomicznie |
economics {n} (study) | :: ekonomia {f}, ekonomika {f} |
economist {n} (expert in economics) | :: ekonomista {m}, ekonomistka {f} |
economy {n} (effective management of the resources of a community or system) | :: gospodarka {f} |
economy {n} (production and distribution and consumption) | :: ekonomia {f} |
ecosystem {n} (system of an ecological community and its environment) | :: ekosystem {m} |
ecoterrorism {n} (terrorism with an ecological motive) | :: ekoterroryzm {m} |
ecotone {n} (a region of transition) | :: ekoton |
ecru {adj} (beige) SEE: beige | :: |
ecstasy {n} (intense pleasure) | :: ekstaza {f} |
ectoplasm {n} (parapsychology: visible substance believed to emanate from spiritualistic mediums) | :: ektoplazma |
Ecuador {prop} (country in South America) | :: Ekwador {m-in} |
Ecuadorian {n} (person from Ecuador) | :: Ekwadorczyk {m}, Ekwadorka {f} |
Ecuadorian {adj} (pertaining to Ecuador) | :: ekwadorski |
ecumenism {n} (ecumenical doctrines and practices) | :: ekumenizm |
ecumenopolis {n} (planet-wide city) | :: ekumenopolis {n} |
eczema {n} (acute or chronic inflammation of the skin) | :: egzema {f}, wyprysk {m} |
-ed {suffix} (having an object of a particular quality) | :: -y {m}, -ny {m} |
eddy {n} (air or water running in an opposite direction to the main current) | :: wir {m} |
edema {n} (excessive accumulation of serum in tissue) | :: obrzęk {m}, opuchlizna {f} |
Eden {prop} (garden) | :: Eden {m} |
Eden {n} (paradise on Earth) | :: Eden {m} |
edentate {adj} (toothless) SEE: toothless | :: |
edentulous {adj} (toothless) SEE: toothless | :: |
Edgar {prop} (male given name) | :: Edgar {m} |
edge {n} (boundary line of a surface) | :: krawędź {f}, skraj {m}, rąbek {m}, obrzeże {n}, kraniec {m} |
edge {n} (joining line between two vertices of a polygon) | :: krawędź {f} |
edge {n} (thin cutting side of the blade of an instrument) | :: ostrze {n} |
edge {n} (in graph theory: any of the pairs of vertices in a graph) | :: krawędź {f} |
edible {adj} (that can be eaten without harm; suitable for consumption) | :: jadalny, zjadliwy [with an edible taste] |
edict {n} (proclamation of law) | :: edykt {m}, dekret {m} |
edifice {n} (building) | :: gmach {m} |
Edinburgh {prop} (capital of Scotland) | :: Edynburg {m} |
Edirne {prop} (a city in Eastern Thrace) | :: Edirne |
edit {n} (a change to the text of a document) | :: edycja {f} |
edit {v} (to change a text, or a document) | :: edytować {impf}, redagować {impf} |
editable {adj} (capable of being edited) | :: edytowalny {m} |
Edith {prop} (female given name) | :: Edyta {f} |
edition {n} (literary work) | :: wydanie {n} |
edition {n} (whole set of copies, print run) | :: nakład {m} |
editor {n} (person who edits) | :: redaktor {m} |
editor {n} (program for modifying text files) | :: edytor {m}, edytor tekstu {m} |
editor {n} (someone who manipulates video footage and assembles it into the correct order) | :: montażysta {m}, montażystka {f} |
Edmonton {prop} (city in Alberta, Canada) | :: Edmonton |
Edom {prop} (name given to Esau in the Hebrew Bible) | :: Edom {m} |
Edom {prop} (region whose inhabitants traditionally traced their ancestry to Esau) | :: Edom {m} |
e-dress {n} (e-mail address) SEE: e-mail address | :: |
education {n} (process or art of imparting knowledge, skill and judgment) | :: edukacja {f}, oświata {f}, kształcenie {n} |
education {n} (facts, skills and ideas that have been learned, either formally or informally) | :: wykształcenie {n} |
educational {adj} (Of or pertaining to education) | :: edukacyjny |
educative {adj} (educational) | :: wychowawczy {m} |
educator {n} (teacher) SEE: teacher | :: |
Edward {prop} (male given name) | :: Edward {m-pr} |
eel {n} (any fish of the order Anguilliformes) | :: węgorz {m}, węgorzokształtne {p} |
eeny, meeny, miny, moe {n} (similar children's counting-out games in other languages) | :: entliczek pentliczek czerwony stoliczek na kogo wypadnie na tego bec |
Eeyore {n} (negative or pessimistic person) | :: Kłapouchy {m} |
effect {n} (result of an action) | :: efekt {m}, rezultat {m}, wynik {m} |
effective {adj} (having the power to produce a required effect or effects) | :: efektywny |
effectivity {n} (the ability or power to be effective) | :: skuteczność {f}, efektywność {f} |
effectivity {n} (a measure of the effectiveness of something) | :: efektywność {f}, skuteczność {f} |
effeminacy {n} (the quality of being effeminate) | :: zniewieściałość {f} |
effeminate {adj} (of a man, behaving like a woman) | :: zniewieściały, zbabiały, wydelikacony |
efficacity {n} (efficacy) SEE: efficacy | :: |
efficacy {n} (ability to produce effect) | :: efektywność {f}, skuteczność {f} |
efficiency {n} (extent to which time is well used) | :: efektywność {f} |
efficiency {n} (extent to which a resource is used for the intended purpose) | :: sprawność {f} |
effigy {n} (dummy or other crude representation) | :: kukła {f} |
efflower {v} (leatherworking: remove an outer surface with a knife) SEE: graze | :: |
effort {n} (endeavor) SEE: endeavor | :: |
effort {n} (the amount of work involved in achieving something) | :: wysiłek {m}, staranie {n} |
effulgent {adj} (radiant, resplendent, shining, see also: radiant; resplendent; shining) | :: promienny, promienisty |
e.g. {adv} (abbreviation for “for example”) | :: [na przykład] np. |
egalitarianism {n} (political doctrine of universal equality) | :: egalitaryzm {m} |
egest {v} (to excrete from the body) | :: wydalać |
egg {v} (to dip in or coat with beaten egg) | :: obtaczać w jajku {impf}, obtoczyć w jajku {pf} |
egg {n} (body housing an embryo) | :: jajo {n}, jajko {n} |
egg {n} (egg of domestic fowl as food item) | :: jajko {n} |
egg {n} (ovum) | :: komórka jajowa {f} |
egg cell {n} (ovum) SEE: ovum | :: |
egghead {n} (pejorative: bald person) | :: łysol {m} |
egghead {n} (pejorative: intellectual) | :: jajogłowy {m-pr} |
eggnog {n} (alcoholic beverage) | :: kogel-mogel {m} |
eggplant {n} (plant) | :: bakłażan {m}, oberżyna {f} |
eggplant {n} (edible fruit) | :: bakłażan {m}, oberżyna {f} |
eggshell {n} (object) | :: skorupka jajka {f} |
egg white {n} (clear part of an egg) SEE: albumen | :: |
egg yolk {n} (central part of an egg) SEE: yolk | :: |
ego {n} (psychoanalytic ego) | :: ego {n} |
egocentric {adj} (egotistical) | :: egocentryczny |
egocentric {n} (person who is egocentric) | :: egocentryk {m}, egocentryczka {f} |
egocentrism {n} (following ones egotistical desires) | :: egocentryzm {m} |
egocentrist {n} (an egocentric person) | :: egocentryk {m}, egocentryczka {f} |
egoist {n} (advocate of egoism) | :: egoista {m}, egoistka {f} |
egoist {n} (self-centered or selfish person) | :: egoista {m}, egoistka {f} |
egotism {n} (belief that one is superior) | :: egotyzm {m} |
egotist {n} (egocentric or self-centered person) SEE: egoist | :: |
egregious {adj} (conspicuous, exceptional, outstanding) | :: rażący {m} |
egress {n} (exit) SEE: exit | :: |
egret {n} (Any of various wading birds of the genera Egretta or Ardea) | :: czapla {f} |
Egypt {prop} (country in North Africa) | :: Egipt {m-in} |
Egyptian {adj} (of, from, or pertaining to Egypt) | :: egipski {m} |
Egyptian {adj} (of, from, or pertaining to Egyptians) | :: egipski {m} |
Egyptian {n} (person from Egypt) | :: Egipcjanin {m}, Egipcjanka {f} |
Egyptian {prop} (language) | :: egipski |
Egyptian Arabic {prop} (Egyptian Arabic) | :: egipski arabski {m} |
Egyptian vulture {n} (Neophron percnopterus) | :: ścierwnik {m}, białosęp {m} |
Egyptologist {n} (A person; one who is skilled professes or practices Egyptology) | :: egiptolog |
eh {interj} (used as a tag question) | :: hę, nie, co, prawda |
Eid al-Fitr {prop} (religious celebration) | :: Id al-Fitr {m} |
eider {n} (duck of genus Somateria) | :: edredon {m} |
Eifelian {prop} | :: Eifel |
Eiffel Tower {prop} (tower in Paris) | :: wieża Eiffla {f} |
eigenvalue {n} (scalar multiplier of an eigenvector) | :: wartość własna {f} |
eigenvector {n} (vector not rotated by linear transformation) | :: wektor własny {m} |
eight {num} (cardinal number 8) | :: osiem, [collective] ośmioro |
eight {n} (The digit/figure 8) | :: ósemka {f} |
eight {n} (Playing card with value 8) | :: ósemka {f} |
eighteen {num} (cardinal number) | :: osiemnaście, [collective] osiemnaścioro |
eighteenth {adj} (the ordinal form of the number eighteen, see also: 18th) | :: osiemnasty |
eighth {adj} (ordinal form of the number eight, see also: 8th) | :: ósmy |
eighth note {n} (eighth note) SEE: quaver | :: |
eight hundred {num} (cardinal number 800) | :: osiemset |
eighties {n} (the decade of the 1980s) | :: lata osiemdziesiąte {p}, lata 80. {p} |
eightieth {adj} (ordinal form of the number eighty) | :: osiemdziesiąty (abbreviation 80.) |
eight thousand {n} (cardinal number) | :: osiem tysięcy |
eight-thousander {n} (a mountain extending more than 8000 metres above sea level) | :: ośmiotysięcznik {m} |
eighty {num} (80) | :: osiemdziesiąt |
eighty-eight {num} (88) | :: osiemdziesiąt osiem |
eighty-five {num} (the cardinal number 85) | :: osiemdziesiąt pięć |
eighty-four {num} (84) | :: osiemdziesiąt cztery |
eighty-nine {num} (89) | :: osiemdziesiąt dziewięć |
eighty-one {num} (81) | :: osiemdziesiąt jeden |
eighty-seven {num} (87) | :: osiemdziesiąt siedem |
eighty-six {num} (cardinal number 86) | :: osiemdziesiąt sześć |
eightysomething {n} (octogenarian) SEE: octogenarian | :: |
eighty-three {num} (83) | :: osiemdziesiąt trzy |
eighty-two {num} (82) | :: osiemdziesiąt dwa |
einstein {n} (one mole of photons) | :: einstein |
Einstein {prop} (Albert Einstein) | :: Einstein |
einsteinium {n} (element with atomic number 99) | :: einstein {m} |
either {determiner} (each of two) | :: oba |
either {adv} ((after a negative) as well) | :: też nie |
either {conj} (introduces the first of two options) | :: albo... albo..., [with negative] ani... ani...; albo ... albo |
ejaculate {v} (to eject semen or vaginal fluid) | :: ejakulować {impf}, wytryskiwać {impf} |
ejaculation {n} (ejection of semen through the urethra) | :: wytrysk {m}, ejakulacja {f} |
eject {v} (to compel to leave) | :: wyrzucać {impf}, wyrzucić {pf} |
eject {v} (to project oneself from an aircraft) | :: katapultować się |
eject {v} (to cause to come out of a machine) | :: wysuwać, wysunąć |
eject {v} (to come out of a machine) | :: wysuwać się {impf}, wysunąć się {pf} |
ejector {n} (ejector) | :: wyrzutnik {m} |
Ekavian {prop} (Dialect or a group of dialects) | :: ekawski {m} |
eke {adv} (also) SEE: also | :: |
eke {n} (addition) SEE: addition | :: |
eke out {v} (to supplement) | :: dorabiać |
ekranoplan {n} (ground-effect vehicle) | :: ekranoplan {m}, ekranolot {m} |
elaborate {adj} (detailed) | :: drobiazgowy |
elaborate {v} (to give further detail or explanation) | :: rozwinąć |
elanid kite {n} (bird of the Elaninae subfamily) | :: kaniuk {m} |
elapse {v} ((of time) to pass or move by) | :: upływać {impf} |
elastic {n} (elastic band) SEE: elastic band | :: |
elastic band {n} (loop of rubber or similar material) | :: gumka {f} |
elasticity {n} (adaptability) SEE: adaptability | :: |
Elbe {prop} (European river) | :: Łaba {f} |
Elbląg {prop} (a city in Poland) | :: Elbląg {m} |
elbow {n} (joint between upper arm and forearm) | :: łokieć {m} |
elbow {v} (to push with the elbow) | :: uderzyć z łokcia |
elder {adj} (greater than another in age or seniority) | :: starszy |
elder {n} (Sambucus nigra) | :: czarny bez {m} |
elder {n} (Sambucus) | :: bez {m} |
elder {n} | :: bez {m} |
elderberry {n} (elder tree) SEE: elder | :: |
elderberry {n} (fruit) | :: bez czarny {m} |
Eleanor {prop} (female given name) | :: Eleonora {f} |
elecampane {n} (Inula helenium) | :: oman wielki {m} |
elect {v} (to elect) SEE: choose | :: |
elect {v} (to choose or make decision) | :: postanowić |
elect {v} (to choose in election) | :: wybierać |
election {n} (process of choosing a new leader or representatives) | :: wybory {p} |
elector {n} (person eligible to vote) | :: wyborca {m} |
elector {n} (in the Holy Roman Empire, a participant in the election of the emperor) SEE: Elector | :: |
Elector {n} (elector or prince-elector) | :: elektor Rzeszy {m} |
electoral {adj} (of, or relating to elections) | :: wyborczy |
electoral district {n} (district represented by one or more elected officials) | :: okręg wyborczy {m} |
electorate {n} (geographic area encompassing electoral district) SEE: electoral district | :: |
Electra complex {n} (Psychoanalytical theory) | :: kompleks Elektry {m} |
electric {adj} (electrical) | :: elektryczny |
electrical {adj} (electric) SEE: electric | :: |
electrical tape {n} (plastic tape) | :: taśma izolacyjna {f} |
electric blanket {n} (type of blanket) | :: koc elektryczny {m} |
electric chair {n} (device used for performing execution by electrocution) | :: krzesło elektryczne {n} |
electric charge {n} (electric energy of a charged body) | :: ładunek elektryczny {m} |
electric current {n} (measurement of the rate of flow of electric charge) | :: prąd {m} |
electric fence {n} (electric fence) | :: elektryczny pastuc {m} |
electric field {n} (region around a charged particle) | :: pole elektryczne {n} |
electric guitar {n} (guitar which requires electronic amplification) | :: gitara elektryczna {f} |
electrician {n} (tradesman who works with electrical equipment) | :: elektryk {m} |
electricity {n} (form of energy) | :: elektryczność {f} |
electricity meter {n} (a device that measures the consumption of electricity) | :: licznik prądu {m}, licznik energii elektrycznej {m} |
electric motor {n} (motor) | :: silnik elektryczny {m} |
electric multiple unit {n} (multiple unit powered by electricity) | :: elektryczny zespół trakcyjny {m} |
electric vehicle {n} (vehicle that uses an electric motor as the means of propulsion) | :: pojazd elektryczny {m} |
electrification {n} (the act of electrifying, or the state of being charged with electricity) | :: elektryfikacja {f} |
electrocardiography {n} (the science of preparation and diagnostic interpretation of electrocardiograms) | :: elektrokardiografia {f} |
electrochemical {adj} (of or relating to a chemical reaction brought about by electricity) | :: elektrochemiczny {m} |
electrochemical {adj} (of or relating to electricity produced by a chemical reaction) | :: elektrochemiczny {m} |
electrochemical cell {n} (device) | :: ogniwo elektrochemiczne {n} |
electrochemistry {n} (chemistry pertaining to electricity) | :: elektrochemia {f} |
electrocution {n} (a severe electric shock) | :: porażenie prądem {n} |
electrode {n} (the terminal through which electric current passes) | :: elektroda {f} |
electroencephalograph {n} (an instrument used for recording of electrical brain activity) | :: elektroencefalograf {m} |
electroencephalography {n} (measurement of electrical activity in medicine) | :: elektroencefalografia {f} |
electroluminescence {n} (generation of light by application of an alternating current or by electric discharge) | :: elektroluminescencja {f} |
electrolysis {n} (chemical change) | :: elektroliza {f} |
electrolytic {adj} | :: elektrolityczny {m} |
electromagnetic interaction {n} (electromagnetic interaction) | :: oddziaływanie elektromagnetyczne |
electromagnetic spectrum {n} (electromagnetic spectrum) | :: widmo fal elektromagnetycznych {n} |
electromagnetism {n} (a fundamental force) | :: elektromagnetyzm {m} |
electron {n} (the negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit atoms) | :: elektron {m} |
electron {n} (an alloy) | :: elektron {m} |
electronegative {adj} (tending to attract electrons) | :: elektroujemny {m} |
electronegativity {n} (degree of electron attraction) | :: elektroujemność {f} |
electron hole {n} (lack of an electron) SEE: hole | :: |
electronic {adj} (pertaining to electrons) | :: elektronowy |
electronic {adj} (operating on behavior of electrons) | :: elektroniczny |
electronic {adj} (generated by electronic device) | :: elektroniczny |
electronic book {n} (e-book) SEE: e-book | :: |
electronic cigarette {n} (electronic cigarette) | :: papieros elektroniczny, e-papieros |
electronic mail {n} (email) SEE: email | :: |
electronics {n} ((physics)) | :: elektronika {f} |
electron volt {n} (a unit for measuring the energy of subatomic particles) | :: elektronowolt {m} |
electropositive {adj} (tending to release electrons) | :: elektrododatni {m} |
electrum {n} (fossil resin) SEE: amber | :: |
elegance {n} (grace, refinement, and beauty in movement, appearance, or manners) | :: elegancja {f} |
elegance {n} (restraint and grace in style) | :: elegancja {f} |
elegant {adj} (exhibiting elegance) | :: elegancki {m}, elegancka {f} |
elegantly {adv} (gracefully) | :: elegancko |
elegiac {adj} (of or relating to an elegy) | :: elegiacki, elegijny |
elegy {n} (mournful or plaintive poem or song) | :: elegia {f} |
element {n} (simplest or essential part or principle of anything) | :: pierwiastek {m}, element |
element {n} (chemistry: simplest chemical substance) | :: pierwiastek {m} |
element {n} (alchemy: one of the four basic building blocks) | :: żywioł {m} |
element {n} (something small) | :: odrobina {f} |
element {n} (set theory: object in a set) | :: element {m} |
element {n} (heating element) | :: element {m} |
elemental {adj} (basic, fundamental, elementary) SEE: elementary | :: |
elemental {n} (fantastic creature) | :: żywiołak {m} |
elementary {adj} (relating to the basic, essential or fundamental part of something) | :: podstawowy {m}, elementarny {m} |
elementary {adj} (relating to an elementary school) | :: podstawowy {m} |
elementary {adj} (relating to a subatomic particle) | :: elementarny {m} |
elementary particle {n} (subatomic particle that does not consist of smaller particles) | :: cząstka elementarna {f} |
elementary school {n} (school for children) SEE: primary school | :: |
elephant {n} (mammal) | :: słoń {m-an}, słonica {f} |
Elephant {prop} (105th sura of the Qur'an) | :: Słoń {m} |
elephant dose {n} (large amount) | :: końska dawka {f} |
elephantiasis {n} (disease) | :: słoniowacizna {f} |
elephant in the room {n} (problem that is obvious but ignored) | :: słoń w salonie {m} |
elephant seal {n} (mammal of the genus Mirounga) | :: słoń morski {m} |
elephant shrew {n} (Any member of the order Macroscelidea) | :: ryjkonosowatych |
elevate {v} (promote) SEE: promote | :: |
elevated railway {n} (railway) | :: kolej nadziemna {f} |
elevator {n} (permanent construction) SEE: lift | :: |
eleven {num} (the cardinal number occurring after ten and before twelve) | :: jedenaście. [collective] jedenaścioro |
eleven hundred {num} (one thousand one hundred) | :: tysiąc sto |
eleventh {adj} (ordinal form of eleven, see also: 11th) | :: jedenasty |
elf {n} (mythical, supernatural being) | :: elf {m} |
elf {n} (very diminutive person) SEE: dwarf | :: |
elfin {adj} (elven) SEE: elven | :: |
elfish {adj} (elven) SEE: elven | :: |
elflock {n} (lock of hair that is tangled) | :: kołtun |
elide {v} (to leave out or omit) | :: pominąć, pomijać, opuszczać, opuścić |
elide {v} (to conflate) | :: połączyć |
eligibility {n} (quality of being eligible) | :: wybieralność {f}, obieralność {f}, elekcyjność {f} |
eligible {adj} (meeting the necessary requirements to participate; worthy of being chosen) | :: gotowy {m} |
eliminate {v} (to exclude (from investigation or from further competition)) SEE: exclude | :: |
eliminate {v} (completely destroy) | :: likwidować {impf}, zlikwidować {pf}, eliminować {impf}, wyeliminować {pf} |
Elisabeth {prop} (female given name) SEE: Elizabeth | :: |
elision {n} (the omission of a letter or syllable) | :: elizja {f} |
elite {adj} (of high birth or social position) | :: elita {f} |
elixir of life {n} (elixir that brings immortality) | :: eliksir życia {m}; eliksir długowieczności {m} |
Elizabeth {prop} (female given name) | :: Elżbieta {f} |
Elizabeth {prop} (mother of John the Baptist) | :: Elżbieta {f} |
Elizabethan {n} (pertaining to the reign of Elizabeth I of England) | :: elżbietański |
elk {n} (Alces alces) SEE: moose | :: |
Elliott wave {n} (wave pattern) | :: fala Elliotta {f} |
ellipse {n} (curve) | :: elipsa {f} |
ellipsis {n} (typographic mark) | :: wielokropek {m} |
ellipsis {n} (omission of word or phrase) | :: wyrzutnia {f}, elipsa {f} |
ellipsoid {adj} (shaped like an ellipse) SEE: elliptical | :: |
elliptic {adj} (relating to an ellipse or its mathematical definition) | :: eliptyczny |
elliptical {adj} (oval) | :: eliptyczny {m} |
elliptical {adj} (showing ellipsis) | :: eliptyczny {m} |
elliptical {adj} (in math) SEE: elliptic | :: |
elm {n} (tree of genus Ulmus) | :: wiąz {m} |
Elohim {prop} (name for God) | :: Elohim {m} |
elope {v} (run away with a paramour) | :: uciec {pf} |
elope {v} (run away to get married) | :: uciec (by się pobrać) |
eloquence {n} (the quality of artistry and persuasiveness in speech or writing) | :: elokwencja {f} |
El Salvador {prop} (country in Central America) | :: Salwador |
Elsinore {prop} (Danish city) | :: Helsingør {m}, [historical] Elsynor {m} |
elucidate {v} (make clear) | :: objaśniać, wyjaśniać, wyświetlać |
elusive {adj} (evading capture, comprehension or remembrance) | :: nieuchwytny {m} |
elvan {adj} (elven) SEE: elven | :: |
elven {adj} (of or having to do with elves, see also: elflike) | :: elfi {m} |
elvish {adj} (elven) SEE: elven | :: |
emaciation {n} (the state of being emaciated) | :: wychudzenie {n} |
e-mail {n} (email) SEE: email | :: |
e-mail {v} (email) SEE: email | :: |
email {n} (system for transferring messages from one computer to another) | :: e-mail {m}, [colloquial] mejl {m}, poczta elektroniczna {f} |
email {n} (message sent through email an email system) | :: e-mail {m}, [colloquial] mejl {m}, mail {m} |
email {n} (email address, see also: e-mail address) | :: e-mail {m}, [colloquial] mejl {m}, adres mailowy {m}, adres mejlowy {m}, mail {m} |
email {v} ((transitive) to send an email or emails to) | :: mailować, mejlować |
email address {n} (e-mail address) SEE: e-mail address | :: |
e-mail address {n} (unique identifier) | :: adres mailowy {m}, adres mejlowy {m}, adres poczty elektronicznej {m} |
emanation {n} (act of flowing) | :: emanacja {f} |
emancipate {v} (To set free from the power of another) | :: emancypować {impf}, wyemancypować {pf} |
emancipation {n} (act of setting free from the power of another) | :: emancypacja {f}, wyzwolenie {n} |
embalm {v} (to treat a corpse in order to prevent decomposition) | :: balsamować {impf}, zabalsamować {pf} |
embankment {n} (artificial mound of earth and stone) | :: nasyp {m}, wał {m} |
embarge {n} (embargo) SEE: embargo | :: |
embargo {n} (an order by the government prohibiting ships from leaving port) | :: embargo {n} |
embargo {n} (a ban on trade with another country) | :: embargo {n} |
embargo {n} (a temporary ban on making certain information public) | :: embargo {n} |
embassy {n} (organization representing a foreign state) | :: ambasada {f} |
ember {n} (glowing piece of coal or wood) | :: żar {m} |
Ember day {n} (any of the three days within the same week, four separate sets of which occur roughly equidistant in the circuit of the year, set aside for fasting and prayer) | :: suche dni {m-p} |
emberizid {n} (bird of the family Emberizidae) | :: trznadel {m} |
embezzle {v} (to steal money that one has been trusted with) | :: sprzeniewierzyć |
embezzlement {n} (The fraudulent conversion of property from a property owner) | :: sprzeniewierzenie {n}, malwersacja {f}, defraudacja {f} |
embiggen {v} (enlarge) SEE: enlarge | :: |
emblem {n} (representative symbol) | :: godło {n}, emblemat {m} |
embody {v} (represent in a physical form; to incarnate or personify) | :: wcielić się {pf}, ucieleśniać się {impf} |
embolism {n} (obstruction or occlusion of an artery by an embolus) | :: zator |
embrace {v} (to clasp (someone or each other) in the arms with affection, see also: hug) | :: objąć, uściskać |
embrace {v} (to enfold, to include (ideas, principles, etc.)) | :: obejmować |
embrace {n} (act of putting arms around someone and bringing the person close to the chest, see also: hug) | :: objęcie {n}, uścisk {m} |
embrace {v} (to submit to) SEE: undergo | :: |
embroider {v} (to stitch a decorative design on fabric with needle and thread) | :: haftować |
embroider {v} (to add imaginary detail to a narrative) | :: koloryzować {impf} |
embroiderer {n} (person who embroiders) | :: hafciarz {m} |
embroideress {n} (female embroiderer) | :: hafciarka {f} |
embroidery {n} (ornamentation) | :: haft {m} |
embroil {v} (to draw into a situation) | :: uwikłać się |
embryo {n} (fertilized egg before developing into a fetus) | :: zarodek {m}, embrion {m} |
embryo {n} (in humans: the cell growth up to the end of the seventh week in the mother's body) | :: zarodek {m}, embrion {m} |
emcee {v} (act as the master of ceremonies) | :: emce {m} |
em dash {n} (typographical symbol '—') | :: pauza {f} |
emerald {n} (gemstone) | :: szmaragd {m} |
emerald {n} (colour) | :: kolor szmaragdowy {m} |
emerald {adj} (of a rich green colour) | :: szmaragdowy {m} |
emergence {n} (the arising of emergent structure in complex systems) | :: emergencja {f} |
emergency escape {n} (fire escape) SEE: fire escape | :: |
emergency stairs {n} (fire escape) SEE: fire escape | :: |
emery {n} (mineral) | :: szmergiel {m} |
Emesa {prop} (the ancient city of Homs) | :: Emesa {f} |
Emesene {adj} (of or pertaining to Emesa or its region) | :: emeseński |
Emil {prop} (male given name) | :: Emil |
Emile {prop} (Emil) SEE: Emil | :: |
Emily {prop} (given name) | :: Emilia |
eminent {adj} (remarkable, great) | :: znaczący, wspaniały |
eminent {adj} (of a person: distinguished, noteworthy) | :: znakomity, znamienity, eminentny |
eminent domain {n} (government's right to expropriate private land) | :: wywłaszczenie, ekspropriacja |
emir {n} (Islamic prince or leader) | :: emir {m} |
emirate {n} (country ruled by an emir) | :: emirat {m} |
emissary {n} (an agent sent on a mission to represent the interests of someone else) | :: emisariusz {m} |
emissive {adj} (of, pertaining to, or having the capacity to emit radiation or matter; emitting) | :: emisyjny {m} |
emitter {n} (that which emits) | :: emiter {m} |
emitter {n} (terminal of a transistor) | :: emiter {m} |
emmer {n} (Triticum dicoccon) | :: pszenica płaskurka {f} |
emoji {n} (digital graphic icon) | :: emoji {n} |
emoticon {n} (representation of an emotion of the writer) | :: emotikona {f}, buźka {f}, uśmieszek {m-in}, emotikon {m-in} |
emotion {n} (person's internal state of being) | :: emocja {f} |
emotional {adj} (of or relating to the emotions) | :: uczyciowy |
emotionality {n} (state or quality) | :: emocjonalność {f} |
empathize {v} (to feel empathy for another person) | :: współczuć {impf} |
empathy {n} (intellectual identification with another person) | :: empatia |
empathy {n} (capacity to understand another person's point of view) | :: empatia {f} |
emperor {n} (ruler of an empire) | :: imperator {m}, cesarz {m} |
emperor penguin {n} (largest penguin) | :: pingwin cesarski |
emphasize {v} (stress) | :: podkreślać {impf}, podkreślić {pf} |
emphyteusis {n} (right) | :: emfiteuza |
empire {n} (political unit, having numerous or extensive territories) | :: imperium {n}, cesarstwo {n} |
empire {n} (political unit ruled by an emperor) | :: imperium {n} |
empiric {n} (unqualified or dishonest practitioner) SEE: charlatan | :: |
empiricism {n} (pursuit of knowledge purely through experience) | :: empiria {f} |
empiricism {n} (philosophical theory) | :: empiryzm {m} |
employ {v} (employ, apply) SEE: use | :: |
employ {v} (to give someone work) | :: zatrudniać {impf}, zatrudnić {pf} |
employed {adj} | :: zatrudniony |
employee {n} (individual who provides labor to a company or another person) | :: pracownik {m}, pracownica {f} |
employer {n} (person or entity which employs others) | :: pracodawca {m} |
emporium {n} (place within a city for commerce and trading, see also: marketplace) | :: emporium {n} |
empress {n} (female monarch of an empire) | :: cesarzowa {f}, imperatorowa {f} |
empress dowager {n} (mother of an emperor) | :: cesarzowa wdowa |
emptiness {n} (the state or feeling of being empty) | :: pustka {f} |
empty {adj} (devoid of content) | :: pusty {m}, próżny {m} |
empty {v} (to make empty) | :: opróżnić |
empty-handed {adj} (emptyhanded) SEE: emptyhanded | :: |
emptyhanded {adj} (having nothing to give) | :: z pustymi rękami |
emptyhanded {adj} (having failed at a task) | :: odejść z pustymi rękami |
empty promise {n} | :: obiecanki cacanki {f-p} |
empty set {n} (unique set that contains no elements) | :: zbiór pusty {m} |
empty space {n} (vacuum) SEE: vacuum | :: |
empyema {n} (collection of pus) | :: ropniak {m} |
Emsian {prop} | :: Ems |
emu {n} (Dromaius novaehollandiae) | :: emu |
enable {v} (to give power, sanction or authorization to; to provide with abilities, means, opportunities) | :: uzdolnić {pf}, upełnomocnić {pf} |
enable {v} (to make something possible) | :: umożliwiać {impf}, umożliwić {pf} |
enable {v} (to activate a function of an electronic or mechanical device) | :: aktywować {impf} {pf}, włączać {impf}, odblokować {pf} |
enamel {n} (coating that dries to a hard, glossy finish) | :: emalia {f} |
enamel {n} (covering on the tooth) | :: szkliwo {m} |
enamor {v} (to inflame with love) | :: oczarować, rozkochać |
enantiomer {n} (one of a pair of mirror-image stereoisomers) | :: enancjomer |
enantiotropic {adj} | :: enancjotropowy |
Enceladus {prop} (moon of Saturn) | :: Enceladus {m} |
encephalon {n} (brain) | :: mózgowie {n} |
encephalopathy {n} (condition affecting the brain) | :: encefalopatia |
enchant {v} (to attract and delight) | :: oczarować |
enchanter {n} (A spellcaster, conjurer, wizard, sorcerer or soothsayer) | :: czarodziej {m}, czarownik {m} |
enchantress {n} (attractive woman skilled at using magic) | :: czarodziejka {f} |
encipher {v} (to encrypt) | :: zaszyfrować {pf} |
enclave {n} (entity completely surrounded by another) | :: enklawa {f} |
enclitic {n} (clitic which joins with the preceding word) | :: enklityka {f} |
enclosure {n} (inaccessible part of the monastery) | :: klauzura {f} |
encoding {n} (character encoding (computing)) | :: kodowanie {n} |
encompass {v} (encircle) | :: otaczać {impf}, otoczyć {pf} |
encompass {v} (include) | :: obejmować {impf} |
encore {n} (brief extra performance after the main performance is complete) | :: bis {m} |
encore {interj} (please perform again) | :: bis! |
encounter {n} (unplanned meeting) | :: spotkanie {n} |
encourage {v} (mentally support or motivate) | :: wspierać, dodawać odwagi, popierać, dopingować |
encourage {v} (spur on, recommend) | :: namawiać {impf}, namówić {pf}, zachęcać {impf}, zachęcić {pf} |
encourage {v} (foster, give help or patronage) | :: popierać |
encouragement {n} (the act of encouraging) | :: zachęcanie |
encroach {v} (to intrude unrightfully on someone else’s rights or territory) | :: naruszać |
encrypt {v} (to conceal information by means of a code or cipher) | :: szyfrować |
encumbrance {n} (burden) | :: obciążenie {n} |
encumbrance {n} (interest, right, burden or liability) | :: obciążenie {n} |
encyclopaedia {n} (encyclopedia) SEE: encyclopedia | :: |
encyclopedia {n} (comprehensive reference with articles on a range of topics) | :: encyklopedia {f} |
encyclopedic {adj} (of or relating to comprehensiveness and other characteristics of an encyclopedia) | :: encyklopedyczny |
encyclopedic {adj} (in lexicography) | :: encyklopedyczny |
end {n} (extreme part) | :: koniec {m} |
end {n} (death) | :: śmierć {f}, koniec {m} |
end {n} (period in curling) | :: meta {f} |
end {v} (ergative, intransitive: be finished, be terminated) | :: kończyć się |
end {v} (transitive: finish, terminate (something)) | :: skończyć {pf}, zakończyć {pf} |
endangered {adj} (in danger, at risk) | :: zagrożony |
en dash {n} (typographical symbol –) | :: półpauza {f} |
endbrain {n} (telencephalon) SEE: telencephalon | :: |
endeavor {n} (a sincere attempt) | :: dążenie {n}, próba {f}, usiłowanie {n} |
endeavor {n} (enterprise; assiduous or persistent activity) | :: przedsięwzięcie {n} |
endeavor {v} (attempt through application of effort) | :: usiłować, starać się |
endemic {adj} (native to a particular area) | :: endemiczny |
endemic {adj} (peculiar to a particular area) | :: endemiczny |
endemic {adj} (prevalent in a particular area) | :: endemiczny |
endemic {n} (individual or species that is endemic) | :: endemit {m} |
ending {n} (grammar: last morpheme of a word) SEE: termination | :: |
end in itself {n} (something without a purpose) | :: cel sam w sobie |
endogamous {adj} (of a marriage, within a social group) | :: endogamiczny |
endogamy {n} (the practice of marrying within one's own social group) | :: endogamia {f} |
endonym {n} (a name used by a group or category of people to refer to themselves or their language) | :: endonim {m-in} |
endoplasmic reticulum {n} (network of membranes) | :: retikulum endoplazmatyczne {n} |
endorphin {n} (any of a group of peptide hormones) | :: endorfina {f} |
endoscope {n} (instrument) | :: endoskop {m} |
endoscopy {n} (examination using an endoscope) | :: endoskopia {f} |
endure {v} (to endure) SEE: take | :: |
endure {v} (endure, undergo) SEE: suffer | :: |
enduring {adj} (long-lasting) | :: trwały {m}, wytrzymały {m} |
end user {n} (the final consumer of a product; the intended recipient or user) | :: użytkownik końcowy {m} |
enema {n} (injection of fluid into the rectum) | :: lewatywa {f}, enema {f}, klizma {f} |
enemy {n} (someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else) | :: wróg {m}, nieprzyjaciel {m}, przeciwnik {m} |
enemy {adj} (of, relating to, or belonging to an enemy) | :: wrogi |
energetic {adj} (Possessing, exerting, or displaying energy) | :: energiczny |
energetically {adv} (in an energetic manner) | :: żwawo |
energy {n} (impetus behind activity) | :: energia {f} |
energy {n} (physics) | :: energia {f} |
energy drink {n} (caffeinated soft drink) | :: napój energetyczny {m} |
enfeoff {v} (to give up completely) SEE: surrender | :: |
engaged {adj} (busy or employed) SEE: busy | :: |
engaged {adj} (agreed to be married) | :: narzeczony {m}, narzeczona {f} |
engagement {n} (period of time when marriage is planned or promised) | :: zaręczyny {f-p} |
engagement ring {n} (a ring signifying a promise to wed) | :: pierścionek zaręczynowy {m} |
engine {n} (mechanical device) | :: silnik {m}, motor {m} |
engine {n} (computer program) | :: aparat {m}, mechanizm {m}, silnik {m} |
engine {n} (locomotive) SEE: locomotive | :: |
engine displacement {n} (volume of air/fuel mixture) | :: pojemność skokowa {f}, objętość skokowa {f} |
engine driver {n} (person) | :: maszynista {m} |
engineer {n} (person qualified or professionally engaged in engineering) | :: inżynier {m} |
engineer {n} (locomotive operator) | :: maszynista {m} |
engineering {n} (application of science to the needs of humanity) | :: inżynieria {f} |
engine-generator {n} (generator with engine) | :: agregat prądotwórczy {m}, agregat {m} [colloquial] |
England {prop} (region of Great Britain) | :: Anglia {f} |
english {n} (spinning or rotary motion around the vertical axis) | :: angielski |
English {adj} (of or pertaining to England) | :: angielski |
English {adj} (of or pertaining to the English language) | :: angielski |
English {n} (people from England) | :: Anglik {m-pr}, Angielka {f} |
English {prop} (the English language) | :: [język] angielski |
English horn {n} (cor anglais) SEE: cor anglais | :: |
Englishman {n} (male native or inhabitant of England) | :: Anglik {m-pr} |
English sparrow {n} (house sparrow) SEE: house sparrow | :: |
English studies {n} (academic discipline) | :: anglistyka {f}, filologia angielska {f} |
Englishwoman {n} (a female native or inhabitant of England) | :: Angielka {f} |
engr. {n} (abbreviation of engineer) | :: inż. |
enhance {v} (improve something by adding features) | :: poprawiać, poprawić, polepszać, polepszyć |
enigma {n} (riddle, or a difficult problem) | :: zagadka {f}, enigma {f} |
enjail {v} (put in jail) SEE: imprison | :: |
enjambment {n} (a technique in poetry) | :: przerzutnia {f} |
enjoy {v} | :: lubić |
enjoyment {n} (the condition of enjoying anything) | :: przyjemność {f}, uciecha {f}, zadowolenie {n} |
enjoy your meal {phrase} (bon appétit) SEE: bon appétit | :: |
enlarge {v} (make larger) | :: powiększać, powiększyć, rozszerzać, rozszerzyć |
enlargement {n} (Act of making larger) | :: powiększenie {n}, zwiększenie {n} |
enlargen {v} (enlarge) SEE: enlarge | :: |
enlarger {n} (optical device used to make enlarged prints) | :: powiększalnik {m} |
enlighten {v} (to supply with light) | :: oświecać, uświadamiać |
enlighten {v} (to make clear to the intellect) | :: oświecać, uświadamiać |
enlightenment {n} (act of enlightening, state of being enlightened) | :: oświecenie |
enlightenment {n} (philosophy and psychology related to achieving clarity of perception, reason and knowledge) | :: oświecenie {n} |
Enlightenment {prop} (the Enlightenment) | :: Oświecenie {n} |
enmity {n} (hostile or unfriendly disposition) | :: wrogość {f}, nieprzyjaźń {f} |
ennead {n} (the number nine) SEE: nine | :: |
ennui {n} (listlessness, boredom) | :: znużenie {n} |
enough {determiner} (sufficient) | :: dość, wystarczająco |
enough {adv} (sufficiently) | :: dość, dosyć, wystarczająco, na tyle |
enough {interj} (stop!) | :: dosyć, starczy, wystarczy, dość |
en passant {n} (chess move) | :: w przelocie |
enqueue {v} (to add an item to a queue) | :: zakolejkować {pf} |
enrage {v} (to fill with rage) | :: rozwścieczać, wkurzać, denerwować, wkurwiać [vulgar] |
enriched uranium {n} (uranium enriched with a higher amount of U-235) | :: wzbogacony uran {m} |
enrichment {n} (the act of enriching) | :: wzbogacenie {n} |
enrichment {n} (the process of making enriched uranium) | :: wzbogacenie {n} |
en route {prep} (on the way) | :: w drodze |
en route {prep} (along the way) | :: po drodze |
ensign {n} (military officer) | :: chorąży {m} |
ensign {n} (banner) | :: bandera {f} |
enslave {v} (to make subservient; to strip one of freedom; enthrall) | :: zniewolić {pf} |
enslavement {n} (the act of enslaving or the state of being a slave; bondage) | :: zniewolenie {n} |
ensmallen {v} (Make smaller) | :: pomniejszyć, pomniejszać |
ensorcell {v} (to bewitch or enchant, see also: bewitch; enchant) | :: oczarować, zaczarować, zaklinać |
ensue {v} (to occur as consequence) | :: wynikać, następować |
ensure {v} (assure) SEE: assure | :: |
ensure {v} (make sure or certain) | :: zapewnić {pf}, zapewniać {impf}, upewnić {pf}, upewniać {impf}, utwierdzić {pf} |
enter {v} (to go into (a room, etc.)) | :: [on foot] wchodzić {impf}, wejść {pf} |
enteric {adj} (of, relating to, within, or by way of the intestines) | :: jelitowy |
enter into {v} (enter into) SEE: penetrate | :: |
enterprise {n} (company, business, organization, or endeavor) | :: przedsiębiorstwo {n} |
enterprise {n} (willingness to undertake projects, energy and initiative) | :: przedsiębiorczość {f} |
entertain {v} (to amuse) | :: bawić {impf}, zabawiać {impf} |
entertaining {adj} (amusing) | :: zabawny, zajmujący |
entertainment {n} (activity designed to give pleasure or relaxation) | :: rozrywka {f}, zabawa {f} |
entertainment {n} (show for enjoyment) | :: widowisko {n} |
enter the equation {v} | :: wchodzić w grę |
enthalpy {n} (a measure of the heat content) | :: entalpia {f}, zawartość cieplna {f} |
enthral {v} (hold spellbound) SEE: enthrall | :: |
enthral {v} (make subservient) SEE: enthrall | :: |
enthrall {v} (make subservient) | :: zniewolić {pf} |
enthronement {n} (the act of enthroning or the state of being enthroned) | :: intronizacja |
enthusiasm {n} (feeling of excited, lively interest) | :: entuzjazm {m} |
enthusiast {n} (person filled with or guided by enthusiasm) | :: entuzjasta {m}, entuzjastka {f}, miłośnik {m}, zapaleniec {m}, wielbiciel {m}, czciciel {m}, hołdownik {m}, miłośniczka {f}, wielbicielka {f}, czcicielka {f} |
enthusiastically {adv} (in an enthusiastic manner) | :: entuzjastycznie |
entice {v} (to lure; to attract by arousing desire or hope) | :: nęcić {impf}, kusić {impf}, wabić {impf}, mamić {impf} |
entire {adj} (internal; interior) SEE: internal | :: |
entire {n} (stallion) SEE: stallion | :: |
entire {adj} (whole) | :: cały |
entirely {adv} (to the full extent) | :: całkowicie, zupełnie |
entitle {v} (to dignify by an honorary designation) | :: tytułować |
entitle {v} (to give a title to a book etc.) | :: tytułować |
entitle {v} | :: tytułować |
entitled {adj} (having a title - book etc) | :: zatytułowany |
entitled {adj} (having a right to something) | :: uprawniony, roszczeniowy |
entitledness {n} (feeling convinced of one's superiority or deservingness) | :: roszczeniowość {f} |
entity {n} (that which exists as an individual unit) | :: jednostka {f}, istnienie {n} |
entity {n} (something that has properties of being real) | :: istnienie {n} |
entity {n} (state or quality of existence) | :: istnienie {n} |
entomology {n} (study of insects) | :: entomologia {f}, owadoznawstwo |
entomophilic {adj} (pollinated by entomophily) | :: owadopylny |
entomophily {n} (pollination by insects) | :: owadopylność {f} |
entrance {n} (place of entering) | :: wejście {n} |
entrance examination {n} (examination used by an educational institution to select which students it will grant admission to) | :: egzamin wstępny {m} |
entrée {n} (main dish) SEE: main course | :: |
entrepreneur {n} (person who organizes and operates a business and assumes the associated risk) | :: przedsiębiorca {m} |
entrepreneurial {adj} (having the spirit, attitude or qualities of an entrepreneur; enterprising) | :: przedsiębiorczy {m} |
entrepreneurship {n} (quality of being an entrepreneur) | :: przedsiębiorczość {f} |
entresol {n} (an intermediate floor in a building) | :: antresola {f} |
entropy {n} (term in thermodynamics) | :: entropia {f} |
entropy {n} (measure of the amount of information in a signal) | :: entropia {f} |
entropy {n} (tendency of a system to descend into chaos) | :: entropia {f} |
entry {n} (act of entering) | :: wejście {n} |
entry {n} (permission to enter) | :: wstęp {m}, wjazd {m} |
entry {n} (doorway that provides a means of entering a building) | :: wejście {n} |
entry {n} (article in a dictionary or encyclopedia) | :: hasło {n} |
entry {n} (record in a log or in a database) | :: wpis {m} |
entryphone {n} (an electronic communication system, see also: intercom) | :: domofon {m} |
enumerate {v} (to specify each member of a sequence individually in incrementing order) | :: policzyć {pf} |
enumerate {v} (to determine the amount of) | :: odliczyć {pf}, odliczać {impf} |
envelope {n} (wrapper for mailing) | :: koperta |
envier {n} (one who envies) | :: zawistnik {m}, zawistnica {f}, zazdrośnik {m}, zazdrośnica {f} |
envious {adj} (feeling or exhibiting envy) | :: zawistny, zazdrosny |
environment {n} (area around something) | :: środowisko {n} |
environment {n} (natural world or ecosystem) | :: ekosystem {m} |
environment {n} (political or social setting, arena or condition) | :: środowisko {n} |
environment {n} (software or hardware on a computer) | :: środowisko {n} |
environmentalist {n} (one who advocates for the protection of the biosphere) | :: ekolog {m}, zielony {m} |
envisage {v} (to conceive or see something within in one's mind) | :: przedstawiać |
envoy {n} (representative) | :: wysłannik {m} |
envy {n} (resentful desire of something possessed by another) | :: zazdrość {f}, zawiść {f} |
envy {v} (to feel displeasure towards (someone) because of their good fortune, possessions) | :: zazdrościć {impf} |
enzymatic {adj} (of, relating to, or caused by enzymes) | :: enzymatyczny |
enzyme {n} (catalytic protein) | :: enzym {m} |
Eocene {adj} (of the Eocene epoch) | :: eoceński |
Eocene {prop} (Eocene epoch) | :: eocen {m-in} |
eon {n} (eternity) | :: wieczność {f} |
eon {n} (geological time period) | :: eon {m} |
eon {n} (a being emanating from the Godhead) | :: eon {m} |
epaulette {n} (ornamentation) | :: naramiennik {m} |
epenthesis {n} (insertion of a phoneme or letter into a word) | :: epenteza {f} |
epenthetic {adj} (of or pertaining to epenthesis) | :: epentetyczny |
epenthetic {adj} (inserted into a word) | :: epentetyczny |
ephedra {n} (plant) | :: przęśl {f} |
ephemeral {adj} (lasting for a short period of time) | :: ulotny {m}, efemeryczny {m} |
ephemeral {adj} (existing for only one day) | :: efemeryczny |
ephemerally {adv} (in an ephemeral manner) | :: efemerycznie |
Ephesians {prop} (book of the Bible) | :: List do Efezjan |
Ephesus {prop} (ancient city) | :: Efez |
ephod {n} (apron worn by chief priest of ancient Israel) | :: efod {m} |
Ephraim {prop} (the younger son of Joseph) | :: Efraim {m} |
Ephraim {prop} (given name) | :: Efraim {m} |
epi- {prefix} (above, over, on, in addition to) | :: epi- |
epic {n} (extended narrative poem) | :: epos {m}, epopeja {f} |
epic {adj} (of, or relating to, an epic) | :: epicki {m}, epiczny {m} |
epic {adj} (extraordinary) | :: epicki |
epicanthus {n} (a skin fold of the upper eyelid, typical of East Asians) | :: zmarszczka nakątna {f} |
epicaricacy {n} (rejoicing at or deriving pleasure from the misfortunes of others) SEE: schadenfreude | :: |
epicene {n} (transvestite) SEE: transvestite | :: |
epicene {n} (transsexual) SEE: transsexual | :: |
epicene {adj} (effeminate) SEE: effeminate | :: |
epicene {adj} (asexual) SEE: asexual | :: |
epicene {adj} (androgynous, hermaphrodite) SEE: androgynous | :: |
epicene {n} (epicene person) SEE: androgyne | :: |
epicentre {n} (point above earthquake) | :: epicentrum {m} |
epicentre {n} (focal point of activity) | :: epicentrum {m} |
epicist {n} (epics writer) | :: epik {m} |
epicondyle {n} (protuberance above the condyle of a bone) | :: nadkłykieć {m} |
epicrisis {n} (critical or analytical summing-up) | :: epikryza {f} |
epicure {n} (epicure; a person who takes particular pleasure in fine food and drink) | :: smakosz {m} |
Epicureanism {n} (system of philosophy based upon the teachings of Epicurus) | :: epikureizm {m} |
epicycloid {n} (locus) | :: epicykloida {f} |
epidemic {n} (widespread disease) | :: epidemia {f} |
epidemic {n} (occurrence of such disease) | :: epidemia {f} |
epidemic {adj} (like an epidemic) | :: epidemiczny |
epidemiologist {n} (scientist who specializes in epidemiology) | :: epidemiolog {m} |
epidermis {n} (skin's outer layer in animals) | :: naskórek {m} |
epididymis {n} (tube) | :: najądrze {n} |
epigenetics {n} (study of processes) | :: epigenetica {f} |
epigenetics {n} (study of heritable changes) | :: epigenetica {f} |
epiglottis {n} (cartilaginous organ in the throat) | :: nagłośnia {f} |
epigraph {n} (inscription) | :: epigraf {m} |
epigraph {n} (literary quotation placed at the beginning of a text) | :: motto {n}, epigraf {m} |
epigraphically {adv} (In terms of epigraph) | :: epigraficznie |
epilate {v} (to remove hair) SEE: depilate | :: |
epilator {n} (electrical device) | :: depilator |
epilepsy {n} (medical condition) | :: padaczka {f}, epilepsja {f} |
epilogue {n} (brief oration or script at the end of a literary piece) | :: epilog {m}, posłowie {n} |
epimer {n} (diastereoisomer) | :: epimery {m} |
epinephrine {n} (hormone and nurotransmitter) | :: epinefryna {f} |
epiphany {n} (manifestation or appearance of a divine or superhuman being) | :: olśnienie {n} |
epiphany {n} (Epiphany) SEE: Epiphany | :: |
Epiphany {n} (Christian feast) | :: Objawienie Pańskie {f}, Epifania {f} |
epiphenomenalism {n} (doctrine) | :: epifenomenalizm |
epiphenomenon {n} (philosophy, psychology: mental state or process that is an incidental byproduct of physiological events) | :: epifenomen {m} |
epiphysis {n} (pineal gland) SEE: pineal gland | :: |
epiphyte {n} (plant that grows on another) | :: epifit {m} |
Epirus {prop} (region; historical kingdom) | :: Epir {m} |
Epirus {prop} (one of the 13 peripheries) | :: Epir {m} |
episcopal {adj} (related to a bishop) | :: biskupi |
episiotomy {n} (surgical incision) | :: episiotomia, nacięcie krocza {n} |
episode {n} (incident or action connected with a series of events) | :: epizod {m} |
episode {n} (instalment of a drama told in parts) | :: odcinek {m} |
epistemology {n} (branch of philosophy dealing with the study of knowledge) | :: epistemologia {f} |
epistle {n} (a letter) | :: list {m} |
epistle {n} (book of the New Testament) | :: list {m} |
epitaph {n} (inscription on a gravestone) | :: epitafium {n} |
epithalamium {n} (song or poem celebrating a marriage) | :: epitalamium {n} |
epithalamus {n} (segment of the diencephalon) | :: nadwzgórze {n} |
epithelium {n} (membranous tissue) | :: tkanka nabłonkowa, tkanka graniczna, nabłonek |
epithet {n} (term used to characterize a person or thing) | :: epitet {m} |
epithet {n} (term used as a descriptive substitute for the name or title of a person) | :: epitet {m} |
epithet {n} (abusive or contemptuous word or phrase) | :: epitet {m} |
epitome {n} (embodiment or encapsulation of) | :: ucieleśnienie {n} |
epitrochoid {n} (geometric curve) | :: epitrochoida |
e pluribus unum {proverb} (e pluribus unum - a United States' motto) | :: z wielu jeden |
epoch {n} (particular period of history) | :: epoka {f} |
epochal {adj} (of or pertaining to an epoch) | :: epokowy {m} |
epochal {adj} (highly important) | :: epokowy {m}, przełomowy {m} |
eponym {n} (person's name that has given rise to the name of something) | :: eponim {m} |
eponym {n} (word formed from a person’s name) | :: eponim {m} |
epoophoron {n} (a group of tubules, a remnant of the Wolffian body, often found near the ovary or oviduct) | :: nadjajnik |
epopee {n} (an epic, saga) | :: epopeja {f} |
epoxide {n} (cyclic ether) | :: epitlenki |
epsilon {n} (name for the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet) | :: epsilon {m} |
epsilon {n} (negligible effect) | :: błahostka {f} |
epyllion {n} (little epic poem) | :: epyllion |
equal {adj} (the same in all respects) | :: równy, jednakowy |
equal {adj} (mathematics: exactly identical) | :: równy |
equality {n} (fact of being equal) | :: równość {f} |
equality {n} (equal treatment of people irrespective of social or cultural differences) | :: równość {f} |
equal sign {n} (symbol) | :: znak równości {m}, równa się |
equation {n} (mathematics: assertion) | :: równanie {n} |
equator {n} (circle around the earth) | :: równik {m} |
equatorial {adj} (of, near, or relating to the equator) | :: równikowy |
Equatorial Guinea {prop} (country in Western Africa) | :: Gwinea Równikowa |
equestrian {adj} (of horseback riding or horseback riders) | :: jeździecki |
equilateral {adj} (referring to a polygon all of whose sides are of equal length) | :: równoboczny |
equilibrist {n} (tightrope walker) | :: ekwilibrysta {m}, ekwilibrystka {f} |
equilibrium {n} (condition of a system in which competing influences are balanced) | :: równowaga {f} |
equilibrium {n} (physics: state of a body at rest or in uniform motion in which the resultant of all forces on it is zero) | :: równowaga {f} |
equilibrium {n} (chemistry: state of a reaction in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are the same) | :: równowaga {f} |
equilibrium {n} (mental balance) | :: równowaga psychiczna {f} |
equine {adj} (Of or relating to a horse or horses) | :: koński |
equinox {n} (intersection of the ecliptic with the celestial equator) | :: równonoc {f}, ekwinokcjum {n} |
equinumerous {adj} (of equal cardinality) | :: równoliczny {m} |
equipment {n} (whatever is used in equipping) | :: sprzęt {m}, oprzyrządowanie {n}, przybory {m-p} |
equivalence {n} (condition of being equivalent) | :: równoważność {f} |
equivalence relation {n} (binary relation) | :: relacja równoważności {f} |
equivalent {adj} (similar or identical in value) | :: równoważny, ekwiwalentny, odpowiedni, odpowiadający |
equivalent {n} (anything that is virtually equal to something else) | :: odpowiednik {m}, równoznacznik {m}, zamiennik {m} |
equivalent weight {n} (equivalent weight) | :: gramorównoważnik {m} |
equivocation {n} (Logical fallacy) | :: ekwiwokacja {f} |
equivocation {n} (Expression susceptible of a double signification, possibly misleading) | :: ekwiwokacja {f} |
Equuleus {prop} (second smallest constellation of the northern sky) | :: Źrebię {n} |
-er {suffix} (used to form the comparative of adjectives) | :: bardziej [used before the adjective] |
-er {suffix} (used to form the comparative of adverbs) | :: bardziej [used before the adverb] |
era {n} (time period) | :: era {f} |
eradicate {v} (to pull up by the roots) | :: wykorzenić |
eradicate {v} (to completely destroy; to reduce to nothing radically) | :: wytępić |
eradication {n} (act of plucking up by the roots) | :: wykorzenienie {n} |
erase {v} (to remove markings or information) | :: wymazywać {impf}, wymazać {pf}, ścierać {impf}, zetrzeć {pf} |
eraser {n} (thing used to erase something written or drawn) | :: gumka {f} |
erbium {n} (chemical element) | :: erb {m} |
e-reader {n} (device) | :: czytnik książek elektronicznych {m}, czytnik e-książek {m}, czytnik e-booków {m}, e-czytnik {m}, czytnik ebooków {m} |
erect {v} (to put up by the fitting together of materials or parts) | :: wznieść |
erection {n} (act of building) | :: wzniesienie {n}, erekcja {f} |
erection {n} (physiology: process by which a penis becomes erect) | :: erekcja {f}, wzwód {m} |
erection {n} (rigid state of penis or clitoris) | :: wzwód {m}, erekcja {f} |
eremite {n} (hermit) SEE: hermit | :: |
ereyesterday {adv} (on the day before yesterday) SEE: day before yesterday | :: |
ereyesterday {n} (the day before yesterday) SEE: day before yesterday | :: |
ergo {conj} | :: więc |
ergonomics {n} (science of the design of equipment) | :: ergonomia {f} |
Eric {prop} (male given name) | :: Eryk |
Eridanus {prop} (constellation) | :: Erydan {m} |
Eris {prop} (dwarf planet) | :: Eris {f} |
eristic {n} (type of dialogue) | :: erystyka {f} |
Eritrea {prop} (country in Eastern Africa) | :: Erytrea {f} |
Eritrean {adj} (Of, from, or pertaining to Eritrea, the Eritrean people or the Eritrean culture) | :: erytrejski |
Eritrean {n} (A person from Eritrea or of Eritrean descent) | :: Erytrejczyk {m}, Erytrejka {f} |
ermine {n} (Mustela erminea) | :: gronostaj {m} |
ermine {n} ((heraldry) a white field with black spots) | :: gronostaj {m} |
erogenous zone {n} (erogenous zone) | :: strefa erogenna {f} |
Eros {prop} (God of love) | :: Eros {m} |
erosion {n} (the result of having being eroded) | :: erozja {f} |
erosion {n} (the changing of a surface by mechanical action) | :: erozja {f} |
erosion {n} (destruction by abrasive action of fluids) | :: erozja {f} |
erotic {adj} (tending to arouse sexual desire) | :: erotyczny |
erotomania {n} (mental disorder based on the delusion of a romantic relationship) | :: erotomania {f} |
err {v} | :: popełnić błąd |
err {v} (sin) SEE: sin | :: |
errand boy {n} (male employed to run errands) | :: chłopak na posyłki |
errant {adj} (straying from the proper course or standard) | :: błędny |
errata {n} (added page listing the errors which were discovered after printing) | :: errata {f} |
erratum {n} (corrigendum) SEE: corrigendum | :: |
error {n} (mistake) | :: błąd {m} |
error {n} (difference between a measured or calculated value and a true one) | :: błąd pomiaru {m} |
error {v} ((nonstandard) To make a mistake; to result in an error) SEE: err | :: |
error message {n} (message displayed when a failure condition occurs) | :: komunkat o błędzie {m} |
ersatz {n} (something made in imitation) | :: erzac {m} |
erstwhile {adv} (erstwhile) SEE: formerly | :: |
erudition {n} (profound knowledge, especially that based on learning and scholarship) | :: erudycja, oczytanie {n} |
eruption {n} (violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano) | :: erupcja {f} |
eryngo {n} (Eryngium) SEE: sea holly | :: |
Erythraean Sea {prop} (Red Sea) SEE: Red Sea | :: |
erythrocyte {n} (red blood cell) SEE: red blood cell | :: |
erythromycin {n} (any of a class of macrolide antibiotics) | :: erytromycyna {f} |
erythronium {n} (vanadium) SEE: vanadium | :: |
erythropoiesis {n} (production of red blood cells) | :: erytropoeza {f} |
Esau {prop} (son of Isaac and Rebekah) | :: Ezaw {m} |
Esbjerg {prop} (Danish city) | :: Esbjerg {m} |
escalade {v} (to scale the walls of a fortification) | :: wspinać się |
escalation {n} (a deliberate or premeditated increase in the violence or geographic scope of a conflict) | :: eskalacja {f} |
escalator {n} (mechanical device) | :: ruchome schody {p}, eskalator {m} |
escape {v} (to get free) | :: wydostawać się {impf}, wydostać się {pf} |
escape {v} (to elude) | :: unikać {impf}, uniknąć {pf} |
escape {n} (act of leaving a dangerous or unpleasant situation) | :: ucieczka {f} |
escape {n} (sally) SEE: sally | :: |
escapism {n} (inclination to escape) | :: eskapizm {m} |
Escaut {prop} (the river Scheldt) SEE: Scheldt | :: |
eschatological {adj} (pertaining to eschatology) | :: eschatologiczny {m} |
eschatology {n} (system of doctrines concerning final matters, such as death) | :: eschatologia {f} |
escutcheon {n} (coat of arms) | :: tarcza herbowa {f} |
Esdras {prop} (any of four books) | :: Księga Ezdrasza |
esker {n} (ridge created under glacier) | :: oz {m} |
Eskimo {prop} (group of native peoples) | :: Eskimosi {p} |
Eskimo {n} (member of the Eskimo people(s)) | :: Eskimos {m}, Eskimoska {f} |
Eskimo {adj} (of, or relating to an Eskimo, Eskimos or their language, languages) | :: eskimoski |
esoteric {adj} (understood only by a chosen few) | :: ezoteryczny {m}, tajemny {m} |
esoteric {adj} (having to do with concepts that are highly theoretical) | :: zawiły, niezrozumiały |
esoteric {adj} (confidential; private) | :: ezoteryczny, tajny, skryty |
esoterism {n} (inward forms of faith and religion) | :: ezoteryka |
espadrille {n} (light shoe) | :: espadryla, espadryl |
especially {adv} (particularly) | :: szczególnie, zwłaszcza, w szczególności |
especially {adv} (in a special manner) | :: szczególnie |
Esperantist {n} (specialist or speaker of Esperanto) | :: esperantysta {m}, esperantystka {f} |
Esperanto {prop} (auxiliary language) | :: esperanto {n} |
espionage {n} (act of learning secret information through clandestine means) | :: szpiegostwo {n}, wywiad {m} |
espousal {n} (betrothal) SEE: betrothal | :: |
espouse {v} (become married to) | :: poślubić, ożenić się, wyjść za mąż |
espresso {n} (strong type of coffee) | :: espresso {n} |
esprit de corps {n} (shared spirit of comradeship, enthusiasm, and devotion) | :: poczucie solidarności |
essay {n} (written composition) | :: esej {m} |
essayist {n} (one who composes essays; a writer of short compositions) | :: eseista {m}, eseistka {f} |
essence {n} (inherent nature) | :: esencja {f} |
essential {adj} (necessary) | :: niezbędny {m} |
essential {adj} (of high importance) | :: zasadniczy {m} |
essential {adj} (in basic form) | :: podstawowy |
essential amino acid {n} (amino acid which is a dietry requirement) | :: aminokwas egzogenny {m} |
essential oil {n} (volatile oil used to make perfumes and flavourings) | :: olejek eteryczny {m} |
-est {suffix} (superlative of adjectives and adverbs) | :: naj-, najbardziej (before the adjective or adverb) |
-est {suffix} (second-person singular present tense of verbs) | :: -esz, -isz, -ysz, -asz |
establish {v} (To make stable or firm; to confirm) | :: ustanowić, ustalić |
establish {v} (To form; to set up in business) | :: założyć |
establish {v} (To found; to institute) | :: założyć, ustanowić |
establish {v} (To appoint, as officers, laws, regulations, etc.; to enact; to ordain) | :: wyznaczyć, ustanowić |
establish {v} (To prove and cause to be accepted as true; to establish a fact; to demonstrate) | :: ustalić |
establishment {n} (the act of establishing) | :: założenie {n-p}, zakładanie {n-p}, ustanowienie {n-p}, ustanawianie |
establishment {n} (slang: the ruling class or authority group) | :: establishment {m} |
estate {n} (body style of cars) SEE: station wagon | :: |
estate agent {n} (one acting for another in sale or lease of real estate) | :: agent nieruchomości {m}, agentka nieruchomości {f} |
estate car {n} (station wagon) SEE: station wagon | :: |
esteem {v} (to regard with respect) | :: szanować |
ester {n} (compound with carbon-oxygen double bond joined via carbon to another oxygen atom) | :: ester {m} |
Esther {prop} (female given name) | :: Estera {f} |
Esther {prop} (book of the Bible) | :: Księga Estery {f} |
Esther {prop} (the heroine of the Book of Esther) | :: Estera |
estimate {n} (rough calculation or guess) | :: oszacowanie {n} |
estimate {n} ((construction and business) a document specifying how much a job will probably cost) | :: kosztorys {m} |
estimate {v} (to calculate roughly) | :: szacować |
estimator {n} (function) | :: estymator {m} |
Estonia {prop} (country) | :: Estonia {f} |
Estonian {adj} (of, from, or pertaining to the country of Estonia, its people or their language) | :: estoński |
Estonian {n} (person) | :: Estończyk {m}, Estonka {f} |
Estonian SSR {prop} (former soviet republic) | :: Estońska SRR |
estragon {n} (tarragon) SEE: tarragon | :: |
estrogen {n} (estrogen) | :: estrogen {m} |
estuary {n} (place where ocean tides and river water merge) | :: estuarium {n} |
Estuary English {prop} (variety of English accent) | :: Estuary English {n} |
esurient {adj} (very greedy or hungry) SEE: voracious | :: |
Esztergom {prop} (a town in Hungary) | :: Ostrzyhom {m} |
et al. {phrase} (and others) | :: i in. |
etc. {phrase} (and so on, see also: and so forth) | :: itp., i tym podobnie, i tym podobne, itd., i tak dalej, etc. |
et cetera {phrase} (noting the omission of the remainder of a list) SEE: etc. | :: |
etch {v} (to engrave) | :: ryć, wytrawiać {impf}, wytrawić {pf} |
etching {n} (art of producing an image) | :: trawienie {n}, akwaforta {f} |
etching {n} (image created by this process) | :: akwaforta {f} |
eternal {adj} (lasting forever) | :: wieczny, wieczysty |
Eternal City {prop} (nickname for Rome) | :: Wieczne Miasto {n} |
eternal life {n} (immortality) SEE: immortality | :: |
eternal life {n} (afterlife) SEE: afterlife | :: |
eternally {adv} (forever) | :: wiecznie |
eternal sleep {n} (death (euphemism)) | :: wieczny sen {m} |
eternity {n} (infinite time) | :: wieczność {f} |
eternity {n} (time extending infinitely far into the future) | :: wieczność {f} |
eternity {n} (period of time that elapses after death) | :: wieczność {f} |
eternity {n} (informal: a comparatively long time) | :: wieczność {f} |
ethane {n} (aliphatic hydrocarbon, C2H6) | :: etan {m} |
ether {n} (substance supposed to fill the upper regions of the atmosphere) | :: eter {m} |
ether {n} (substance once thought to fill all unoccupied space) | :: eter {m} |
ether {n} ((organic chemistry) diethyl ether) | :: eter {m} |
ether {n} ((organic chemistry) compound containing an oxygen atom bonded to two hydrocarbon groups) | :: eter {m} |
ether {n} (sky, heavens) SEE: heavens | :: |
ethereal {adj} (Pertaining to the hypothetical upper, purer air, or to the higher regions beyond the earth or beyond the atmosphere) | :: eteryczny {m}, nieziemski {m}, niebiański {m} |
ethereal {adj} (Consisting of ether; hence, exceedingly light or airy; tenuous; spiritlike; characterized by extreme delicacy) | :: eteryczny {m}, lekki {m}, zwiewny {m} |
ethereal {adj} (Delicate, light and airy) | :: eteryczny {m}, lekki {m}, zwiewny {m} |
ethical {adj} (of or relating to the study of ethics) | :: etyczny {m} |
ethical {adj} (of or relating to the accepted principles of right and wrong, especially those of some organization or profession) | :: etyczny {m} |
ethical {adj} (morally approvable, when referring to an action that affects others; good) | :: etyczny {m} |
ethicality {n} (manner of being) | :: etyczność {f} |
ethician {n} (ethicist) SEE: ethicist | :: |
ethicist {n} (person who studies principles governing right and wrong conduct) | :: etyk {m} |
ethics {n} (study of principles governing right and wrong conduct) | :: etyka {f} |
Ethiopia {prop} (country in Eastern Africa) | :: Etiopia {f} |
Ethiopian {n} (person) | :: Etiopczyk {m}, Etiopka {f} |
Ethiopian {adj} (of, from, or pertaining to Ethiopia) | :: etiopski |
ethnic {adj} (of or relating to a group of people) | :: etniczny |
ethnic cleansing {n} (ethnic cleansing) | :: czystka etniczna {f} |
ethnocentrism {n} (tendency) | :: etnocentryzm {m} |
ethnogenesis {n} (ethnogenesis) | :: etnogeneza |
ethnographic {adj} (of, or relating to ethnography) | :: etnograficzny |
ethnography {n} (branch of anthropology) | :: etnografia {f} |
ethnolect {n} (language variety) | :: etnolekt {m} |
ethnology {n} (branch of anthropology) | :: etnologia {f} |
ethnonationalism {n} (type of nationalism) | :: etynonacjonalizm |
ethnonym {n} (name of an ethnic group) | :: etnonim {m} |
ethnoreligious {adj} (Of or pertaining to ethnicity and religion) | :: etnoreligijny |
ethology {n} (study of human and animal behaviour) | :: etologia {f} |
etiquette {n} (forms to be observed in social or official life) | :: etykieta {f}, kurtuazja {f} |
Etna {prop} (volcano in Sicily, Italy) | :: Etna {f} |
Etruria {prop} (ancient country) | :: Etruria {f} |
Etruscan {adj} (pertaining to the region and culture of Etruria) | :: etruski |
Etruscan {n} (inhabitant of Etruria) | :: Etrusk {m}, Etruska {f} |
Etruscan {prop} (extinct language of Etruria) | :: język etruski |
et tu, Brute {phrase} (expression of betrayal) | :: I ty, Brutusie |
etude {n} (piece of music) | :: etiuda {f} |
etymological {adj} (of or relating to etymology) | :: etymologiczny {m} |
etymology {n} (study of the historical development of languages, particularly of individual words) | :: etymologia {f} |
etymology {n} (account of the origin and historical development of a word) | :: etymologia {f}, źródłosłów {m-in} |
Euboea {prop} (Greek island) | :: Eubea {f}, Eubeja {f} |
eucalyptus {n} (any of many trees of genus Eucalyptus) | :: eukaliptus {m} |
Eucharist {n} (sacrament) | :: eucharystia {f} |
Eucharist {n} (ceremony) | :: eucharystia {f} |
Eucharist {n} (substances) | :: eucharystia {f} |
eucharistic {adj} (pertaining to the Eucharist) | :: eucharystyczny {m} |
Euclidean geometry {n} (mathematical system) | :: geometria euklidesowa {f} |
Euclidean space {n} (ordinary space) | :: przestrzeń euklidesowa {f} |
Euclidian space {n} (Euclidean space) SEE: Euclidean space | :: |
Eugene {prop} (male given name) | :: Eugeniusz {m} |
Eugenia {prop} (female given name) | :: Eugenia |
eugenic {adj} (of or relating to eugenics) | :: eugeniczny |
eugenics {n} (social philosophy) | :: eugenika {f} |
euhemerism {n} (attribution of the origins of the gods to the deification of heroes) | :: euhemeryzm {m} |
eukaryote {n} (any of the single-celled or multicellular organisms whose cells contain at least one distinct nucleus) | :: jądrowiec {m}, eukariont {m} |
eukaryotic {adj} (having complex cells) | :: eukariotyczny |
Euler's formula {prop} (Euler's formula) | :: wzór Eulera {m} |
eulogy {n} (an oration to honor a deceased person) | :: laudacja {f} |
eunuch {n} (castrated human male) | :: eunuch {m}, kastrat {m}, rzezaniec {m}, trzebieniec {m} |
eunuch {n} (such a man who was harem guard or in Middle Eastern courts under Roman Emperors, important officials of the state) | :: eunuch {m} |
euonymus {n} (tree of the genus Euonymus) SEE: spindle | :: |
Euphemia {prop} (female given name) | :: Eufemia {f} |
euphemism {n} (use of a word or phrase to replace another word with one considered less offensive) | :: eufemizm {m} |
euphemism {n} (word or phrase that is used to replace another in this way) | :: eufemizm {m} |
euphemistically {adv} (in a euphemistic manner) | :: eufemistycznie |
euphoria {n} (an excited state of joy) | :: euforia {f} |
Euphrates {prop} (river in the Middle East) | :: Eufrat {m} |
euphuism {n} (style of writing) | :: eufuizm {m} |
Eurasia {prop} (the largest landmass on Earth, consisting of Europe and Asia) | :: Eurazja {f} |
Eurasian {adj} (pertaining to Eurasia) | :: eurazjatycki |
Eurasian blackbird {n} (Turdus merula) | :: kos zwyczajny {m} |
Eurasian black vulture {n} (Aegypius monachus) | :: sęp kasztanowaty |
Eurasian Economic Union {prop} (economic union, see also: EAU; EAEU) | :: Unia Euroazjatycka {f} |
Eurasian lynx {n} (Lynx lynx) | :: ryś euroazjatycki {m}, ryś {m} |
Eurasian nuthatch {n} (Sitta europaea) | :: kowalik zwyczajny {m}, bargiel {m} |
Eurasian pygmy owl {n} (Glaucidium passerinum) | :: sóweczka {f} |
Eurasian siskin {n} (Spinus spinus) | :: czyż {m}, czyżyk {m} |
Eurasian sparrowhawk {n} (Accipiter nisus) | :: krogulec {m} |
Eurasian spoonbill {n} (Platalea leucorodia) | :: warzęcha {f} |
Eurasian treecreeper {n} (Certhia familiaris) | :: pełzacz leśny {m} |
Eurasian tree sparrow {n} (tree sparrow) SEE: tree sparrow | :: |
Eurasian woodcock {n} (Scolopax rusticola) | :: słonka {f} |
Eurasian wren {n} (Troglodytes troglodytes) | :: strzyzyk zwyczajny {m} |
Euripides {prop} (a Greek tragedian) | :: Eurypides {m} |
euro {n} (currency unit of the European Monetary Union) | :: euro {n} |
euro area {n} (Eurozone) SEE: Eurozone | :: |
Eurocentrism {n} (practice of viewing the world from a European perspective) | :: eurocentryzm {m}, europocentryzm {m} |
Eurocrat {n} (employee of the EU) | :: eurokrata {m} |
Eurodance {n} (A type of European synthesizer-driven dance music) | :: eurodance {m} |
Eurodeterrent {prop} (proposed unified nuclear deterrent of the European Union) | :: Eurodeterrent {m} |
Euroland {prop} (group of countries having Euro as currency) SEE: Eurozone | :: |
Europa {prop} (princess abducted to Crete by Zeus) | :: Europa {f} |
Europa {prop} (a moon of Jupiter) | :: Europa {f} |
Europe {prop} (European Union) SEE: European Union | :: |
Europe {prop} (continent) | :: Europa {f} |
European {adj} (relating to Europe or the European Union) | :: europejski |
European {n} (person) | :: Europejczyk {m-pr}, Europejka {f} |
European alder {n} (black alder) SEE: black alder | :: |
European beaver {n} (European beaver) | :: bóbr europejski {m}, bóbr zwyczajny {m} |
European bison {n} (the wisent species Bison bonasus) | :: żubr {m} |
European bullhead {n} (species) | :: głowacz białopłetwy, głowacz pospolity |
European Central Bank {prop} (central bank for the European Union) | :: Europejski Bank Centralny {m-in} |
European Commission {prop} (executive branch) | :: Komisja Europejska {f} |
European Economic Area {prop} | :: Europejski Obszar Gospodarczy |
European hedgehog {n} (Erinaceus europaeus) | :: jeż zachodni, jeż europejski |
Europeanisation {n} (assimilation) | :: europeizacja {f} |
Europeanly {adv} (In European manner.) | :: europejsko |
European mink {n} (mink species) | :: norka europejska {f} |
European redbud {n} (Judas tree) SEE: Judas tree | :: |
European roller {n} (Coracias garrulus) | :: kraska {f} |
European rowan {n} (Sorbus aucuparia) SEE: rowan | :: |
European shag {n} (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) | :: kormoran czubaty {m} |
European smelt {n} (Osmerus eperlanus) | :: stynka |
European toad {n} (Bufo bufo) | :: ropucha szara |
European turtle dove {n} (Streptopelia turtur) | :: turkawka {f} |
European Union {prop} (European supranational organisation) | :: Unia Europejska {f} |
europium {n} (chemical element) | :: europ {m} |
Euroscepticism {n} (scepticism of increasing powers of the EU) | :: eurosceptycyzm {m} |
Eurovision {prop} (television network) | :: Eurowizja {f} |
Eurozone {prop} (those European Union members whose official currency is the euro) | :: Strefa euro |
Eurydice {prop} (mythology) | :: Eurydyka {f} |
Eustachian tube {n} (tube that links the pharynx to the cavity of the middle ear) | :: trąbka Eustachiusza {f} |
Euterpe {prop} (the Muse of music and lyric poetry) | :: Euterpe {f} |
euthanasia {n} (practice of killing a human being or animal) | :: eutanazja {f} |
Euxine Sea {prop} SEE: Black Sea | :: |
evacuate {v} (to move out of an unsafe location into safety) | :: ewakuować |
evaluate {v} (to draw conclusions from by examining) | :: oceniać {impf}, ocenić {pf} |
evaluate {v} (to compute or determine the value of) | :: obliczyć {pf}, zwartościować {pf} |
evaluation {n} (assessment) | :: ocena {f} |
evaluation {n} (completion of a mathematic operation) | :: wykonanie {n}, realizacja {f} |
evaluation {n} (substitution of a variable with its value) | :: ewaluacja {f}, wartościowanie {n} |
evanescent {adj} (ephemeral) SEE: ephemeral | :: |
evangelical {adj} (pertaining to the doctrines or teachings of the Christian gospel or Christianity in general) | :: ewangelicki |
evangelist {n} (writer of a gospel) | :: ewangelista {m} |
evangelistary {n} (book containing selections from the Gospels) | :: ewangeliarz {m} |
evangelize {v} (tell people about Christianity) | :: ewangelizować, głosić dobrą nowinę |
evaporate {v} (to transition from a liquid state into a gaseous state) | :: parować |
evaporation {n} (process of liquid converting to the gaseous state) | :: parowanie {n} |
evaporation {n} (process to increase concentration) | :: odparowanie {n} |
eve {n} (day or night before) | :: wigilia {f}, przeddzień {m-in} |
Eve {prop} (the first woman) | :: Ewa {f} |
Eve {prop} (given name) | :: Ewa {f} |
Evelyn {prop} (female given name) | :: Ewelina |
even {adj} (flat and level) | :: równy, gładki, płaski |
even {adj} (without great variation) | :: równomierny, jednolity, jednostajny |
even {adj} (equal) | :: równy |
even {adj} (arithmetic: divisible by two) | :: parzysty |
even {v} (to make even) | :: wyrównać |
even {adv} (implying extreme example) | :: nawet |
even {adv} (emphasising comparative) | :: nawet, jeszcze |
even {n} (Evening of the day) | :: poranek |
even function {n} (unaffected by sign) | :: funkcja parzysta {f} |
evenhanded {adj} (having no partiality) | :: sprawiedliwy, bezstronny |
even if {conj} (irrespective of) | :: niezależnie od (kogoś/czegoś), bez względu na (kogoś/coś) |
evening {n} (time of day between the approximate time of midwinter dusk and midnight) | :: wieczór {m} |
evening {n} (figurative: concluding time period) | :: zmierzch {m} |
evening primrose {n} (flowering plant of the genus Oenothera) | :: wiesiołek {m} |
Evenki {prop} (language) | :: język ewenkijski {m} |
event {n} (occurrence) | :: wydarzenie {n}, impreza {f}, przypadek {m}, zdarzenie {n} |
event {n} (point in spacetime (physics)) | :: zdarzenie {n} |
event {n} (computing: action which triggers an event handler) | :: zdarzenie {n} |
event {n} (probability theory: a set of some of the possible outcomes) | :: zdarzenie {n} |
event horizon {n} (gravitational sphere within which light cannot escape) | :: horyzont zdarzeń {m} |
even though {conj} (although) | :: chociaż |
eventually {adv} (in the end) | :: w końcu, wreszcie |
ever {adv} (always) | :: zawsze |
ever {adv} (at any time) | :: kiedykolwiek |
Everest {prop} (Mount Everest) SEE: Mount Everest | :: |
evergreen {adj} (of plants, that do not shed their leaves) | :: zimozielony |
evermore {adv} (always) | :: zawsze |
Evertonian {n} | :: Evertończyk {m}, Evertonka {f} |
every {determiner} (all of a countable group) | :: każdy |
everybody {pron} (all people) | :: wszyscy {m-pr-p}, każdy |
every cloud has a silver lining {proverb} (in every bad situation there is an element of good) | :: nie ma tego złego, co by na dobre nie wyszło |
every day {adv} (daily) SEE: daily | :: |
every man is the architect of his own fortune {proverb} (each person is the chief cause of their success or failure) | :: każdy jest kowalem swojego losu |
everyone {pron} (every person) | :: każdy; wszyscy {p}, wszelaki [literally] |
every other {adj} (all except for some previously mentioned set) | :: co drugi {m}, co druga {f}, co drugie {n} |
everything {pron} (all the things) | :: wszystko {n} |
everywhere {adv} (at all places) | :: wszędzie |
evict {v} (to expel) | :: eksmitować |
eviction {n} (the act of evicting) | :: ewikcja {f}, eksmisja {f} |
evidence {n} (facts or observations presented in support of an assertion) | :: dowód {m} |
evidence {n} (anything admitted by a court as proof) | :: dowód {m} |
evidence {v} (to provide evidence) | :: udowodnić {pf}, dowodzić {impf}, udowadniać {impf} |
evident {adj} (obviously true) | :: jasny, oczywisty |
evidently {adv} (obviously) | :: ewidentnie, zauważalnie |
evil {adj} (intending to harm) | :: zły |
evil {n} (moral badness, wickedness) | :: zło {n} |
evildoer {n} (person who performs evil acts) | :: złoczyńca {m} |
evil eye {n} (wicked look) | :: złe oko |
evoke {v} (to cause the manifestation of) | :: wywoływać, przywoływać |
evolution {n} (general: a gradual process of development) | :: ewolucja {f} |
evolution {n} (biology: change in the genetic composition of a population over time) | :: ewolucja {f} |
evolution {n} (military: One of a series of ordered movements) | :: ewolucja {f} |
evolution {n} (turning movement of the body) | :: ewolucja {f} |
evolutionary {adj} (of or relating to evolution) | :: ewolucyjny |
evolutionary biology {n} (sub-field of biology) | :: biologia ewolucyjna {f} |
evolutionary developmental biology {n} (branch of biology) | :: ewolucyjna biologia rozwoju {f} |
evolutionism {n} (any evolutionary theory or belief system) | :: ewolucjonizm {m} |
ew {interj} (expression of disgust or nausea) | :: fuj, ble |
ewe {n} (female sheep) | :: owca {f} |
ex {n} (name of the letter X, x) | :: iks {n} |
ex {n} (colloquial: former partner or spouse) | :: eks {m} {f}, były {m}, była {f} |
ex- {prefix} (former) | :: eks- |
exact {adj} (precisely agreeing) | :: dokładny |
exactly {adv} (in an exact manner) | :: dokładnie |
exactly {interj} (signifying agreement or recognition) | :: właśnie, no właśnie, dokładnie |
exaggerate {v} (to overstate, to describe more than is fact) | :: wyolbrzymiać, przesadzać |
exaggeration {n} (act of exaggerating) | :: przesada {f} |
examination {n} (inspection by a doctor) | :: badanie {n} |
examination {n} (formal test) | :: egzamin {m}, sprawdzian {m} |
examination {n} (interrogation) SEE: interrogation | :: |
exam paper {n} (paper on which questions of an examination are written) | :: arkusz egzaminacyjny {m} |
example {n} (something representative of a group) | :: przykład {m-in} |
example {n} (something serving to explain or illustrate a rule) | :: przykład {m-in} |
example {n} (something serving as a pattern of behaviour) | :: przykład {m-in} |
exasperate {v} (frustrate, vex, annoy) | :: wkurzać |
excavation {n} (act of excavating, or of making hollow) | :: wykopalisko {n} |
excavation {n} (cavity formed by cutting, digging, or scooping) | :: wykop {m} |
excavator {n} (vehicle) | :: koparka {f} |
excellence {n} (the quality of being excellent) | :: świetność {f} |
Excellency {n} (Form of address for certain high officials or dignitaries) | :: ekscelencja {f} |
excellent {adj} (of the highest quality) | :: świetny, doskonały |
excellently {adv} (very well) | :: świetnie |
except {v} (to exclude) | :: wykluczać, wykluczyć wyłączać |
except {prep} (with the exception of) | :: z wyjątkiem, oprócz |
except {conj} (with the exception that) | :: poza tym że |
exception {n} (that which is excepted or taken out from others) | :: wyjątek {m} |
exception {n} (computing: an interruption in normal processing) | :: wyjątek {m} |
exceptional {adj} (forming an exception) | :: wyjątkowy {m} |
exceptional {adj} (superior due to exception or rarity) | :: wyjątkowy {m} |
exceptionally {adv} (unusual, remarkable or exceptional degree) | :: wyjątkowo |
excerpt {n} (a clip, snippet, passage or extract from a larger work) | :: fragment {m}, urywek {m} |
excess {n} (state of surpassing limits) | :: zbytek {m}, nadmiar {m}, nadwyżka {f} |
excess {n} (degree by which one thing exceeds another) | :: nadmiar {m} |
excess {n} (undue indulgence of the appetite) | :: nieumiarkowanie {n} |
excess {n} (geometry: spherical excess) | :: nadmiar {m} |
excessive {adj} (exceeding the bounds of something) | :: nadmierny, wygórowany |
excessively {adv} (to an excessive degree) | :: nadmiernie, przesadnie |
excessively {adv} (in excess) | :: w nadmiarze |
exchange {n} (act of exchanging or trading) | :: wymiana {f} |
exchange {n} (place for conducting trading) | :: giełda {f} |
exchange {v} (To trade or barter) | :: wymieniać, zamieniać |
exchange {v} (To replace with a similar item) | :: wymieniać, zamieniać |
exchangeable {adj} (able to be exchanged) | :: wymienny {m} |
exchange rate {n} (currency rate (finance)) | :: kurs {m}, kurs wymiany {m} |
exchequer {n} (treasury) SEE: treasury | :: |
excise {n} (excise tax) SEE: excise tax | :: |
excise tax {n} (any of various taxes levied on the production or sale of certain goods) | :: akcyza {f} |
excitation {n} ((physics) change in state as an excited state is formed by the absorption of a quantum of energy) | :: wzbudzenie {n} |
excitement {n} (state of being excited) | :: podekscytowanie |
exclaim {v} (to cry out) | :: wołać {impf}, wykrzykiwać {impf} |
exclamation {n} (exclamation mark) SEE: exclamation mark | :: |
exclamation {n} (loud calling or crying out; outcry) | :: okrzyk {m} |
exclamation mark {n} (punctuation “!”) | :: wykrzyknik {m} |
exclamation point {n} (exclamation mark) SEE: exclamation mark | :: |
exclave {n} (a country's territory not connected to the main part) | :: eksklawa {f} |
exclude {v} (to bar from entering; keep out) | :: wykluczać, wyłączać {impf} |
exclusive {adj} (excluding items or members that do not meet certain conditions) | :: ekskluzywny, wyłączny |
exclusive {adj} (of high quality and/or renown) | :: ekskluzywny {m} |
exclusively {adv} (to the exclusion of anything or anyone else) | :: wyłącznie |
exclusivity {n} (the quality of being exclusive) | :: wyłączność {f} |
excommunicate {v} (to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community) | :: ekskomunikować |
excommunication {n} (act of excommunicating, disfellowshipping or ejecting) | :: ekskomunika {f} |
excrement {n} (human and animal solid waste) | :: kał {m}, ekskrementy {m-p}, odchody {m-p} |
excrescence {n} (something, usually abnormal, which grows out of something else) | :: narośl {f} |
excrete {v} (to discharge material) | :: wydalać {impf}, wydalić {pf}, wydzielać {impf}, wydzielić {pf} |
excretion {n} (process of removing from the body) | :: wydalanie {n} |
excruciating {adj} (Causing great pain or anguish, agonizing) | :: rozdzierający {m} |
excursion {n} (brief recreational trip) | :: wycieczka {f} |
excusable {adj} (possible to excuse) | :: wybaczalny |
excuse {v} (forgive, pardon) | :: wybaczać {impf}, wybaczyć {pf}, przebaczać {impf}, przebaczyć {pf} |
excuse {v} (allow to leave) | :: usprawiedliwić |
excuse {v} (explain with the aim of alleviating guilt or negative judgement) | :: usprawiedliwić {pf} |
excuse {n} (explanation designed to avoid or alleviate guilt or negative judgement) | :: wykręt {m} [dishonest], wymówka {f} [dishonest], usprawiedliwienie {n}, pretekst {m} |
excuse me {phrase} (request to repeat, see also: come again) | :: proszę? |
excuse me {phrase} (request for attention) | :: przepraszam |
excuse me {phrase} (request to pass) | :: przepraszam |
excuse me {phrase} (sorry, as apology) | :: przepraszam, wybacz [singular], wybaczcie [plural] |
excuse me {phrase} (indignation) | :: proszę o wybaczenie |
executable {adj} (capable of being executed) | :: wykonywalny {m} |
executable {n} (file that can be run) | :: plik wykonywalny {m} |
execute {v} (to start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not) | :: uruchomić, rozpocząć, zacząć |
execute {v} (to start, launch or run software) | :: uruchomić, wystartować, wykonać |
execution {n} (act of executing or the state of being executed) | :: wykonanie {n}, egzekucja {f} |
execution {n} (act of putting to death or being put to death as a penalty) | :: egzekucja {f} |
execution {n} (manner or style of a performance etc) | :: wykonanie {n} |
execution {n} (carrying into effect of a court judgment, or of a will) | :: egzekucja {f} |
execution {n} (formal process by which a contract is made valid and put into binding effect) | :: wykonanie {n}, egzekucja {f} |
executioner {n} (the person who carries out the execution) | :: kat {m}, oprawca {m} |
executive {adj} (designed for execution) | :: wykonawczy |
executive branch {n} (branch of government) | :: władza wykonawcza {f} |
executive committee {n} (the cabinet of ministers for a city government) | :: komitet wykonawczy {m} |
exegesis {n} (formal written exposition or explanatory essay) | :: egzegeza {f} |
exegete {n} (person skilled in exegesis) | :: egzegeta {m} |
exegetic {adj} | :: egzegetyczny |
exegetical {adj} (exegetic) SEE: exegetic | :: |
exemplar {n} (role model) SEE: role model | :: |
exemplary {adj} (deserving honour, respect and admiration) | :: wzorowy {m} |
exemplary {adj} (of such high quality as to serve as an example, see also: ideal; perfect) | :: przykładny {m} |
exemplify {v} (to show or illustrate by example) | :: egzemplifikować |
exempt {adj} (free from duty or obligation) | :: zwolniony {m} |
exemption {n} (act of exempting) | :: wykluczanie {n} |
exercise {n} (any activity designed to develop or hone a skill or ability) | :: ćwiczenie {n} |
exercise {n} (physical activity intended to improve strength and fitness) | :: ćwiczenie {n} |
exercise {v} (exert for the sake of training) | :: ćwiczyć |
exercise {v} (take action, enforce) | :: użyć władzy |
exercise book {n} (booklet for students) | :: zeszyt {m} |
exhalation {n} (meteor) SEE: meteor | :: |
exhalation {n} (act or process of exhaling) | :: wydech {m} |
exhausted {adj} | :: wyczerpany |
exhibit {v} (display or show (something) for others to see) | :: pokazywać, pokazać |
exhibit {v} (display publicly) | :: wystawić, wystawiać |
exhibit {n} (something exhibited) | :: eksponat {m} |
exhibit {n} (article as evidence in court) | :: dowód rzeczowy {m} |
exhibition {n} (large scale public showing of objects or products) | :: wystawa {f} |
exhibition game {n} (practice game) | :: mecz towarzyski {m} |
exhibitionism {n} (practice of displaying one's private bodily parts in public) | :: ekshibicjonizm {m} |
exhibitionist {n} (one who attempts by his behaviour to draw attention to himself) | :: pozer {m}, pozerka {f} |
exhibitionist {n} (someone who exposes their genitalia in public) | :: ekshibicjonista {m}, ekshibicjonistka {f} |
exhibition match {n} (exhibition game) SEE: exhibition game | :: |
exhilarate {v} (to cheer) | :: rozweselić {pf} |
exhilarating {adj} (refreshingly thrilling) | :: ekscytujący {m}, emocjonujący {m} |
exhort {v} (urge) | :: namawiać, zachęcać |
exhumation {n} (the act of digging up that which has been buried) | :: ekshumacja {f} |
exhume {v} (To dig out of the ground; to take out of a place of burial; to disinter) | :: ekshumować |
exile {n} (the state of being banished from one's home or country) | :: wygnanie {n} |
exile {n} (someone who is banished from one's home or country) | :: wygnaniec {m} |
exile {v} (to send into exile) | :: wygnać |
exist {v} (to be) | :: istnieć, egzystować |
existence {n} (state of being, existing, or occurring) | :: egzystencja {f}, istnienie {n} |
existent {adj} (existing; having life or being, current; occurring now) | :: istniejący |
existentialism {n} (philosophical movement) | :: egzystencjalizm {m} |
existing {adj} (that exists) | :: istniejący |
exit {n} (action of going out or going away, or leaving, see also: departure) | :: wyjście {n} |
exit {n} (way out) | :: wyjście {n} |
exit {n} (passage or opening through which one can go from inside a place to the outside) | :: wyjście {n} |
exit {v} (to go out or go away from a place or situation, see also: depart; leave) | :: wychodzić, wyjść |
exit {n} (act of departing from life) SEE: death | :: |
exit {v} (to depart from life) SEE: die | :: |
ex libris {n} (bookplate) | :: ekslibris |
Exodus {prop} (departure of Hebrew slaves) | :: Exodus {m} |
Exodus {prop} (book of Torah and Old Testament) | :: Księga Wyjścia {f}, Exodus {m-in} |
exogamous {adj} (of or relating to exogamy) | :: egzogamiczny |
exogamy {n} (marriage) | :: egzogamia {f} |
exonerate {v} (to relieve (someone or something) of a load; to unburden (a load)) | :: odciążyć, uwolnić |
exonym {n} (name used by foreigners) | :: egzonim {m-in} |
exophthalmos {n} (abnormal protrusion of the eyeball) | :: wytrzeszcz {m} |
exoplanet {n} (planet outside Earth's solar system) | :: egzoplaneta {f}, planeta pozasłoneczna {f} |
exorcism {n} (ritual driving out of evil spirits) | :: egzorcyzm {m}, egzorcyzmowanie {n} |
exorcist {n} (a person who practices exorcism) | :: egzorcysta {m} |
exoskeleton {n} (hard outer structure) | :: szkielet zewnętrzny {m}, egzoszkielet {m} |
exosphere {n} (the uppermost layer of a planet's atmosphere) | :: egzosfera {f} |
exotic {adj} (foreign, with the connotation of excitingly foreign) | :: egzotyczny |
exotic {adj} (non-native to the ecosystem) | :: egzotyczny |
expansion {n} (act of expanding) | :: ekspansja {f} |
expatriate {n} (person living outside own country) | :: ekspatriant {m}, emigrant {m} |
expatriate {n} (person banished from their own country) | :: wygnaniec {m} |
expatriate {v} (banish) | :: wypędzać, wygnać |
expatriate {v} (withdraw from one’s country) | :: wypędzać, wygnać |
expect {v} (to look for, look forward to, anticipate) | :: spodziewać się, oczekiwać |
expectorate {v} (spit) SEE: spit | :: |
expedient {adj} (suitable to effect some desired end or the purpose intended) | :: celowy |
expedite {v} (accelerate progress) | :: przyspieszyć |
expedition {n} (An important enterprise, implying a change of place) | :: ekspedycja {f}, wyprawa {f} |
expel {v} (to eject) | :: wyrzucać {impf}, wyrzucić {pf}, wydalać {impf}, wydalić {pf} |
expel {v} (to remove from membership) | :: wykluczać {impf}, wykluczyć {pf}, wydalać {impf}, wydalić {pf} |
expel {v} (to deport) | :: wypędzać {impf}, wypędzić {pf}, wyganiać {impf}, wygonić {pf}, wygnać {pf} |
expense {n} (a spending or consuming; disbursement; expenditure) | :: wydatek {m} |
expensive {adj} (having a high price or cost) | :: drogi |
expensively {adv} (in an expensive manner) | :: drogo |
experience {n} (event(s) of which one is cognizant) | :: doświadczenie {n} |
experience {n} (activity which one has performed) | :: doświadczenie {n} |
experience {n} (collection of events and/or activities from which an individual or group may gather knowledge) | :: doświadczenie {n} |
experience {n} (the knowledge thus gathered) | :: doświadczenie {n} |
experience {v} (to observe or undergo) | :: doświadczyć |
experienced {adj} (having experience) | :: doświadczony |
experiment {n} (test under controlled conditions) | :: eksperyment {m-in}, doświadczenie {n}, próba {f} |
experiment {v} (to conduct an experiment) | :: eksperymentować, przeprowadzać doświadczenie |
experimental {adj} (of or pertaining to an experiment) | :: eksperymentalny |
expert {n} (person with extensive knowledge or ability) | :: ekspert {m} |
expertise {n} (advice or opinion of an expert) | :: ekspertyza {f} |
expiation {n} (an act of atonement) | :: ekspiacja {f} |
expire {v} (become invalid) | :: wygasnąć |
expire {v} (die) SEE: die | :: |
expired {adj} (dead) SEE: dead | :: |
expiry {n} (death) SEE: death | :: |
explain {v} (report) | :: wyjaśniać {impf}, wyjaśnić {pf}; objaśniać {impf}, objaśnić {pf} |
explanation {n} (the act or process of explaining) | :: objaśnienie {n}, wyjaśnienie {n} |
expletive {n} (profane, vulgar term) SEE: swear word | :: |
explication {n} (explanation) SEE: explanation | :: |
explicit {adj} (very specific) | :: szczegółowy, jasny, wprost |
explode {v} (to explode (intransitive)) | :: wybuchać, wybuchnąć |
exploit {n} (heroic or extraordinary deed) | :: wyczyn {m} |
exploit {v} (use for one’s advantage) | :: wykorzystywać, wyzyskiwać |
exploitation {n} (act of exploiting) | :: wykorzystanie {n}, wyzysk {m} [pejorative], spożytkowanie {n} |
explorer {n} | :: odkrywca {m} |
explosion {n} (violent release of energy) | :: wybuch {m}, eksplozja {f} |
explosion {n} (sudden increase) | :: gwałtowny wzrost |
explosive {adj} (with the capability to, or likely to, explode) | :: wybuchowy {m} |
explosive {adj} (easily driven to anger) | :: wybuchowy {m} |
exponent {n} ((in mathematics) the power to which something is raised) | :: wykładnik {m} |
exponential {adj} (expressed in terms of a power of e) | :: wykładniczy {m} |
exponentially {adv} (in an exponential manner) | :: wykładniczo |
expose {v} (to reveal, uncover, make visible, bring to light, introduce to) | :: odsłonić, ukazać |
expose {v} (to subject photographic film to light) | :: naświetlić |
exposition {n} (action of putting something out to public view) | :: wystawa {f} |
express {v} (to convey meaning) | :: wyrażać {impf}, wyrazić {pf} |
expression {n} (particular way of phrasing an idea) | :: wyrażenie {n}, zwrot {m-in} |
expression {n} (colloquialism or idiom) | :: wyrażenie {n}, zwrot {m-in}, wyraz {m} |
expression {n} (facial appearance) | :: mina {f}, wyraz twarzy {m-in} |
expression {n} (mathematics: arrangement of symbols) | :: wyrażenie {n} |
expression {n} ((computing) a piece of code in a high-level language that returns a value) | :: wyrażenie {n} |
expressionism {n} (movement in the arts) | :: ekspresjonizm {m} |
expressive {adj} (effectively conveying feeling) | :: wyrazisty |
expressly {adv} (in an expressive or explicit manner) | :: wyraźnie |
express train {n} (a train making limited stops) | :: pociąg pospieszny {m} |
expressway {n} (US: divided highway) | :: autostrada {f} |
expressway {n} (NZ: high speed road, not built to freeway standards) | :: droga ekspresowa {f} |
expressway {n} (freeway) SEE: freeway | :: |
expropriate {v} (to deprive a person of their property) | :: wywłaszczać {impf}, wywłaszczyć {pf} |
expropriation {n} (act of expropriating) | :: wywłaszczenie {n} |
expulsion {n} (the act of expelling or the state of being expelled) | :: wydalenie {n} |
exquisite {adj} (especially fine) | :: wyśmienity, wyborny |
extant {adj} (still in existence) | :: istniejący {m}, trwający {m} |
extemporize {v} (to act, particularly to perform or speak, without prior planning or thought) | :: improwizować {impf}, zaimprowizować {pf} |
extended family {n} (family (parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren etc)) | :: rodzina rozszerzona {f} |
extension {n} (anatomy: that property of a body by which it occupies a portion of space) | :: rozciągłość {f} |
extension {n} (computing: optional software component) | :: rozszerzenie {n} |
extension cord {n} (an electrical cord) | :: przedłużacz {m} |
extensive {adj} (wide) | :: rozległy |
extent {n} (space, area, volume to which something extends) | :: stopień {m} |
exterior {adj} (relating to the outside parts or surface) | :: zewnętrzny |
exterior {adj} (being from outside a country) SEE: foreign | :: |
exterior {adj} (external) SEE: external | :: |
exterior {adj} (outer) SEE: outer | :: |
extermination camp {n} (death camp) SEE: death camp | :: |
external {adj} (outside of something) | :: zewnętrzny |
extinct {adj} (extinguished, no longer alight (of fire, candles etc.)) | :: wygasły {m}, zagasły {m} |
extinct {adj} (no longer used; obsolete, discontinued) | :: martwy {m} |
extinct {adj} (having died out) | :: wymarły {m} |
extinct {adj} (no longer erupting) | :: wygasły {m} |
extinction {n} (the action of making or becoming extinct) | :: wygaszenie {n}, wymarcie {n}, wytępienie {n} |
extinct language {n} (dead language) SEE: dead language | :: |
extinguish {v} (to put out, as in fire; to end burning; to quench) | :: stłumić, ugasić, zgasić |
extinguish {v} (to destroy or abolish something) | :: stłumić |
extinguish {v} (to obscure or eclipse something) | :: ugasić |
extinguish {v} ((literally) to hunt down (a species) to extinction) | :: wymazać |
extirpate {v} (to pull up by the roots) | :: wykorzenić {pf} |
extirpate {v} (to destroy completely) | :: wyplenić {pf} |
extirpate {v} (to surgically remove) | :: usunąć |
extol {v} (to praise; to make high) | :: wychwalać {impf} |
extortion {n} (the practice of extorting money or other property) | :: wymuszenie {n}, zdzierstwo {n} |
extra {n} (person in a play or movie with a minimal part) SEE: walk-on | :: |
extraction {n} (act of extracting) | :: wydobywanie {n} |
extraction {n} (one's origin, lineage or ancestry) | :: pochodzenie {n} |
extraction {n} (removal of a tooth from its socket) | :: usunięcie {n} |
extractor hood {n} (kitchen device) | :: wyciąg {m} [kuchenny] |
extradite {v} (to remove a person from one state to another by legal process) | :: ekstradować {impf} {pf} |
extradition {n} (a formal process by which a criminal suspect is handed over to another government) | :: ekstradycja {f} |
extragalactic {adj} (originating outside of a galaxy) | :: pozagalaktyczny, ekstragalaktyczny {m} |
extramarital {adj} (taking place outside marriage) | :: pozamałżeński |
extra-natural {adj} (supernatural) SEE: supernatural | :: |
extraordinary {adj} (not ordinary) | :: niezwykły, nadzwyczajny |
extraplanetary {adj} (originating or located outside of a planet) | :: pozaplanetarny {m} |
extrapolation {n} (calculation of an estimate) | :: ekstrapolacja {f} |
extrasensory perception {n} (supposed ability to obtain information without the use of normal sensory channels) | :: postrzeganie pozazmysłowe {n} |
extrasolar {adj} (originating outside the Solar System) | :: pozasłoneczny {m} |
extraterrestrial {adj} (originating from outside of the Earth) | :: pozaziemski |
extraterrestrial {n} (being originating from outside of the Earth) | :: kosmita {m}, kosmitka {f} |
extra time {n} (additional period played at the end of a game) | :: dogrywka {f} |
extra time {n} | :: dogrywka {f} |
extravagance {n} (excessive expenditure) | :: ekstrawagancja {f} |
extravagant {adj} (exceeding the bounds of something) | :: ekstrawagancki {m} |
extravaganza {n} (event or display of fantastic or chaotic behaviour or conduct) | :: fanaberie {f-p} |
extreme {adj} (of a place, the most remote, farthest or outermost) | :: skrajny |
extreme {adj} (in the greatest or highest degree; intense) | :: skrajny |
extreme {adj} (excessive, or far beyond the norm) | :: nadzwyczajny |
extreme {adj} (drastic, or of great severity) | :: skrajny, drastyczny |
extreme {adj} (of sports, difficult or dangerous; performed in a hazardous environment) | :: ekstremalny |
extreme {n} (greatest or utmost point, degree or condition) | :: skrajność {f} |
extreme {n} (each of the things at opposite ends of a range or scale) | :: ekstremum {n}, ekstrema {n-p} |
extreme {n} (drastic expedient) | :: skrajność {f} |
extremism {n} (extreme ideas or actions) | :: ekstremizm {m} |
extremist {n} (person who holds extreme views) | :: ekstremista {m}, ekstremistka {f} |
extremist {adj} (holding extreme views) | :: ekstremistyczny |
extremity {n} (limb) SEE: limb | :: |
extremum {n} (mathematics) | :: ekstremum {n} |
eye {v} (to observe carefully or appraisingly) | :: przypatrywać się |
eye {n} (organ) | :: oko {n} |
eye {n} (hole in needle) | :: ucho {n} |
eye {n} (of a hurricane) | :: oko {n} |
eye {n} (of a potato) | :: oczko {n} |
eyeball {n} (ball of the eye) | :: gałka oczna {f} |
eyebright {n} (any of the flowering plants of the genus Euphrasia) | :: świetlik {m} |
eyebrow {n} (hair that grows over the bone ridge above the eye socket) | :: brew {f} |
eyebrow pencil {n} (makeup used to define or draw on the eyebrows) | :: ołówek do brwi {m} |
eye for an eye {n} (compensation for an injury) | :: oko za oko, ząb za ząb, oko za oko |
eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth {proverb} (compensation for an injury) | :: oko za oko, ząb za ząb |
eyeglasses {n} (spectacles) SEE: spectacles | :: |
eyehole {n} (eye socket) SEE: eye socket | :: |
eyelash {n} (hair growing on the edge of an eyelid) | :: rzęsa {f} |
eyelid {n} ((anatomy) a thin skin membrane that covers and moves over an eye) | :: powieka {f} |
eyeliner {n} (makeup) | :: kredka do oczu {f} |
eye of a needle {n} (small gap in a needle) | :: ucho (igielne) {n} |
eye of the storm {n} (region of calm weather) | :: oko cyklonu {m} |
eye patch {n} (patch worn to cover one eye) | :: przepaska na oko {f}, opaska na oko {f} |
eye shadow {n} (makeup around the eyes) | :: cień do powiek {m} |
eyesight {n} (faculty of sight) | :: wzrok {m}, widzenie {n} |
eye socket {n} (socket of eye) | :: oczodół {m} |
Eyetie {n} (person of Italian descent) SEE: wop | :: |
eye tooth {n} (canine tooth) SEE: canine tooth | :: |
eye up {v} (To examine) | :: lustrować |
eyewitness {n} (person who has seen and can testify about an event) | :: naoczny świadek {m} |
eyot {n} (islet) SEE: islet | :: |
eyrie {n} (bird of prey's nest) | :: orle gniazdo {n} |
Ezekiel {prop} (book of the Bible) | :: Ezechiel {m} |
Ezekiel {prop} (prophet) | :: Ezechiel {m} |
Ezekiel {prop} (male given name) | :: Ezechiel {m} |
Ezra {prop} (book of the Bible) | :: Księga Ezdrasza {f} |
Ezra {prop} (Jewish high priest) | :: Ezdrasz {m} |
Ezra {prop} (male given name) | :: Ezdrasz {m} |
éminence grise {n} (a secret or unofficial decision-maker; the power behind the throne, see also: power broker) | :: szara eminencja {f} |