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imperium

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Imperium and impérium

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin imperium (“power, command”), from imperō (“command, order”), from im- (form of in) + parō (“prepare, arrange; intend”). Doublet of empery and empire.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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imperium (countable and uncountable, plural imperia or imperiums)

  1. Supreme power; dominion.
  2. The right to command the force of the state; sovereignty.
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Translations

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Danish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin imperium.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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imperium n (singular definite imperiet, plural indefinite imperier)

  1. empire

References

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Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin imperium.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˌɪmˈpeː.ri.ʏm/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: im‧pe‧ri‧um

Noun

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imperium n (plural imperia, diminutive imperiumpje n)

  1. empire
    Synonyms: keizerrijk, rijk
  2. business empire
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Indonesian

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Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Etymology

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From Dutch imperium, from Latin imperium.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɪmpeˈriʊm/
  • Rhymes: -ʊm, -m
  • Hyphenation: im‧pé‧ri‧um

Noun

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impérium (plural imperium-imperium, first-person possessive imperiumku, second-person possessive imperiummu, third-person possessive imperiumnya)

  1. empire.
    Synonyms: kekaisaran, kemaharajaan

Alternative forms

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Further reading

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Latin

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FWOTD – 9 May 2017

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From imperō (“command, order”) +‎ -ium, from im- (form of in) + parō (“prepare, arrange; intend”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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imperium n (genitive imperiī or imperī); second declension

  1. The empire, state, imperial government, realm, dominion.
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.279:
      “imperium sine fīne dedī”
      “I have granted them empire without end.”
      (The poetic voice is that of Jupiter speaking about the Romans.)
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.95–96:
      “quō postquam ventum est, ‘cōnsistitē!’ praescia māter
      ‘nam locus imperiī rūs erit istud’ ait.”
      “After he had arrived there, his prophetic mother said, ‘Halt!, for that countryside will be the place of empire.’”
      (The muse Calliope tells what the prophetess Carmenta said to Carmenta’s son, Evander of Pallantium, after his arrival in Italy.)
  2. The right or power to command or be in control; dominion.
    Synonyms: ductus, potestas, arbitrium, auctōritās
  3. Absolute command or authority over the empire (or other polity); sovereignty; sway.
    Synonym: diciō
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.532:
      hanc fās imperiī frēna tenēre domum
      It is divine will that this house should hold the reins of empire.
  4. (military) Military authority, the command (of an army).
    • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:
      Q. Fuluio Ap. Claudio, prioris anni consulibus, prorogatum imperium est atque exercitus quos habebant decreti, adiectumque ne a Capua quam obsidebant abscederent priusquam expugnassent.
      The military authority of Quintus Fulvius and Appius Claudius, consuls of the previous year, was extended and the armies which they had were decided upon, and it was added as a proviso that they should not withdraw from Capua, which they were besieging, until they conquered it.
  5. The exercise of authority, rule, law, control, sovereignty.
    Synonyms: diciō, praescrīptum, rēgula
  6. A command, order, direction, bidding.
    Synonyms: dēcrētum, praeceptum, iussus, ēdictum, ēdictiō, nūntius, scītum, dēcrētiō, mandātum

Declension

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Second-declension noun (neuter).

singular plural
nominative imperium imperia
genitive imperiī
imperī1 		imperiōrum
dative imperiō imperiīs
accusative imperium imperia
ablative imperiō imperiīs
vocative imperium imperia

1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  • “imperium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “imperium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • imperium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • imperium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to enlarge the boundaries of a kingdom: fines (imperii) propagare, extendere, (longius) proferre
    • the empire reaches to the ends of the world: imperium orbis terrarum terminis definitur
    • to be a strict disciplinarian in one's household: severum imperium in suis exercere, tenere (De Sen. 11. 37)
    • monarchy: imperium singulare, unius dominatus, regium imperium
    • government by the mob: multitudinis dominatus or imperium
    • democracy: imperium populi or populare, civitas or res publica popularis
    • to confer supreme power on a person: imperium, rerum summam deferre alicui
    • to have power over some one: imperium tenere (in aliquem)
    • to maintain power, authority: imperium obtinere
    • to have unlimited power; to be invested with imperium: cum imperio esse (cf. XVI. 3)
    • to hold a high office (such as conferred imperium, i.e. consulatus, dictatura, praetura): in imperio esse
    • to prolong the command for a year: imperium in annum prorogare
    • to lay down one's power: imperium deponere (Rep. 2. 12. 23)
    • absolute power; autocracy: imperium singulare
    • to take upon oneself absolute power: imperium, regnum, tyrannidem occupare
    • to attack, overthrow a tyranny: imperium oppugnare, percellere
    • to prolong a person's command: prorogare alicui imperium (in annum)
    • civil and military offices: magistratus et imperia (Sall. Iug. 3. 1)
    • to deprive a person of his position as commandant: abrogare alicui imperium
    • the command-in-chief: summa belli, imperii (B. G. 2. 4. 7)
    • to hold a high command: cum imperio esse
    • to be commander-in-chief: imperii summam tenere (Rep. 2. 28)
    • to be commander-in-chief: imperii summae praeesse
    • to appoint some one commander-in-chief: imperii summam deferre alicui or ad aliquem, tradere alicui
    • the command is transferred, passes to some one: imperium transfertur ad aliquem (not transit)
    • to depose a person from his command: imperium alicui abrogare (Off.3. 10)
    • to make oneself master of a people, country: populum, terram suo imperio, suae potestati subicere (not sibi by itself)
    • to make one's submission to some one: se imperio alicuius subicere (not alicui)
    • to be subject to some one, under some one's dominion: sub imperio et dicione alicuius esse
    • to be subject to some one, under some one's dominion: subiectum esse, obnoxium esse imperio or dicioni alicuius (not simply alicui)
    • subjects: qui imperio subiecti sunt
  • “imperium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “imperium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin imperium.

Noun

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imperium n (definite singular imperiet, indefinite plural imperier, definite plural imperia or imperiene)

  1. an empire

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin imperium.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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imperium n (definite singular imperiet, indefinite plural imperium, definite plural imperia)

  1. empire

References

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Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin imperium.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /imˈpɛ.rjum/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛrjum
  • Syllabification: im‧pe‧rium

Noun

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imperium n

  1. (monarchy) empire (political unit, having numerous or extensive territories)

Declension

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Declension of imperium
singular plural
nominative imperium imperia
genitive imperium imperiów
dative imperium imperiom
accusative imperium imperia
instrumental imperium imperiami
locative imperium imperiach
vocative imperium imperia
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adjectives
nouns

Further reading

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  • imperium in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • imperium in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Swedish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin imperium, used in Swedish since 1845.

Noun

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imperium n

  1. an empire (state ruled by an emperor or czar)
    Synonyms: kejsardöme, kejsarrike, rike, stormaktsvälde
    Den 6 juni började Italien minera sitt imperiums kuster.
    On June 6 [1940], Italy started to place mines along the coasts of its empire. [including at the time Italy and Libya]
  2. an empire (huge state or similar sphere of power)
  3. an empire (business empire or the like)

Declension

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Declension of imperium
nominative genitive
singular indefinite imperium imperiums
definite imperiet imperiets
plural indefinite imperier imperiers
definite imperierna imperiernas
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See also

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References

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