-esz
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-esz
- (personal suffix) Forms the second-person singular present tense of verbs (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).
- (nominal-forming suffix) Forms nouns and adjectives from verb or nouns.
- eresz (“eaves”)
- (diminutive suffix, slang) Forms diminutives.
- (music) flat (♭), lowered by one semitone (e.g. desz, esz, gesz)
- Antonym: (for sharp (♯) notes) -isz
Usage notes
[edit] Present tense indefinite – personal suffixes
Person | Back vowel |
Front vowel | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
unrounded | rounded | |||
én | 1st person singular | -ok | -ek | -ök |
-ik verbs (optional) | -om | -em | -öm | |
te | 2nd person singular | -sz | ||
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -asz | -esz | ||
after s, sz, z, dz | -ol | -el | -öl | |
ő maga ön |
3rd person singular | – | ||
-ik verbs | -ik | |||
mi | 1st person plural | -unk | -ünk | |
ti | 2nd person plural | -tok | -tek | -tök |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -otok | -etek | -ötök | |
ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural | -nak | -nek | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anak | -enek | ||
See also: present-tense definite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing. |
- (personal suffix) Variants:
- -sz added to verbs not in the categories listed below
- -asz added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
- -esz added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
- -ol added to back-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
- -el added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
- -öl added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
- (nominal-forming suffix) Variants:
- -asz added to back vowel words
- -esz added to front vowel words