Appendix:Proto-Chapacuran reconstructions
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Proto-Chapacuran reconstructions:[1]
Angenot (1997)
[edit]Proto-Chapacuran reconstructions by Angenot (1997), as cited in DiACL:[2]
English glosses
[edit]| Proto-Chapacuran | English gloss | Portuguese gloss | Scientific name |
|---|---|---|---|
| *haɾam | to button | ||
| *hoɾam | chin | ||
| *ja: | to say, to speak | ||
| *jaw | pillar, to grind with a stone | ||
| *jaʔ | to bathe | ||
| *jikat | penis | ||
| *jowin | monkey species | macaco-prego | Sapajus |
| *ju: | to keep secret | seguir às escondidas | |
| *juk | to push, to remove | ||
| *kamaɲˀ | bland, without salt | ||
| *kap | caterpillar species | ||
| *kapam | pamonha (traditional food) | ||
| *kaɾaʔ/*hʷaɾaʔ | large, fat | ||
| *kat, *kawˀ | river dolphin | ||
| *kat, *ɾat | to yawn | ||
| *katim | foot | ||
| *katinˀ | large tick | ||
| *katᶴak/*katᶴok | to tickle, tickling | ||
| *katᶴin | pineapple | ||
| *kawˀ | to eat | ||
| *kawa: | tree species | árvore-rochinha | |
| *kawa: | kind of small arrow, used by children playing | ||
| *kawit | parrot species | papagaio-curica | |
| *kedᶻek | to lick | ||
| *kenum | cocoa | ||
| *kijiʔ | to descend, to lower | ||
| *kinam | jaguar, dog | ||
| *kipun | tail | ||
| *kipʷin | (to be) cold | ||
| *kitam | bridge, jirau grill[3] | ponte, grelha para moquear | |
| *kiw | to bite, to chew | ||
| *kiwoʔ | arrow (generic) | ||
| *koki: | piranha | ||
| *kom | to sing (people) | ||
| *komeN | sun | ||
| *koɾa: | paddle | ||
| *koɾan | palm species | palmeira-carundaí | buriti? |
| *kotem | red, ripe | ||
| *kotok/*koɾok | to knock down fruits by beating the tree | ||
| *kɾam | elbow, joint | ||
| *kɾan | ant species | formiga-saúva | Atta |
| *kɾik | to see, to observe, to look | ||
| *kɾom | to enter, inside | ||
| *kuk | to pull, to drag | ||
| *kunˀ | tree species | árvore-cachimbeira, jequitibá-vermelho; sal | Cariniana rubra |
| *kunu: | to stink, bad smell | ||
| *kut | to pick, to catch | ||
| *kʷaɾaʔ | common armadillo | ||
| *ma(w) | to go | ||
| *madᶻan | kind of yam | batata-cará | |
| *makiʔ | to come, to arrive | ||
| *manaʔ | anger, brave | ||
| *mapak | corn | ||
| *mapawˀ | club, baton | ||
| *mapom | fat, grease | ||
| *mapʷip | kind of small bow | ||
| *maɾam | to paint, to write | ||
| *mawi: | to steal, thief | ||
| *mawin | annatto (tree species), wood for making fire | Bixa orellana | |
| *mekuʔ | crab | ||
| *mem | red, ripe | ||
| *mikop | paca | ||
| *mitᶴem | black | ||
| *mo: | to run | ||
| *mokon | rope, cord, string, thread | ||
| *mom | to swell because of illness, to have a tumor | ||
| *moɾoʔ | flour | ||
| *mowawˀ | tucumã palm larva | broca do tucumã | larva of Astrocaryum aculeatum |
| *mowin | pus, infection, tumour | ||
| *muɾinˀ | swallow | ||
| *mʷijak | wild hog | ||
| *n(e/o)n | to whistle with help from the hand | ||
| *nak | to smell, to sniff | ||
| *naɾan | pitch/tar (of jatobá tree); light | breu (de jatobá); luz | Hymenaea courbaril |
| *natan | face, front | ||
| *nok | to hate, to reject | ||
| *nok | to suckle | ||
| *nopon | tree species | árvore-itaúba | Mezilaurus itauba |
| *pa: | to beat, to slap | ||
| *padᶻaw | pubic hair | ||
| *pakaʔ | red, ripe | ||
| *pana: | tree (generic), wood, log | ||
| *papat | bamboo species, kind of arrow, bomboo knife | taquara (esp.); flecha (esp.); faca de bambu | |
| *papop | wind | ||
| *paɾV: | bow (generic) | ||
| *patiʔ | animal (generic), fish | ||
| *pawˀ | to tie (up) | ||
| *paʔ | to kill, to hunt, to beat to death | ||
| *pijeʔ | newborn child | ||
| *pikot | giant armadillo | tatu gigante | |
| *pipon | bird species | cujubim | Pipile cujubi |
| *piɾamˀ | squirrel | quoati-puru, esquilo | |
| *pitᶴak | to scratch, to itch | ||
| *pitᶴi: | horn | ||
| *piwan | tarantula | aranha caranguejeira | |
| *piʔ | to dance | ||
| *pok | thigh, upper leg | ||
| *pon | to fart | ||
| *pot | to pull out | ||
| *pot | to get, to tear, to extract | ||
| *potᶴ | to cook; to spit | cozinhar; cuspir | |
| *poʔ | to wake up, to rouse | ||
| *pɾin | parakeet | ||
| *pɾu: | to kill, to hit a target with an arrow | ||
| *pu: | to blow, to light a fire | ||
| *puɾek | to miss the target with an arrow | ||
| *pʷe: | to sit | ||
| *pʷikun | stone, rock | ||
| *pʷin | to leave behind | ||
| *pʷiɾan | boa | ||
| *pʷit | to break, to cut, to extract, to unrip | ||
| *pʷiti: | large horsefly | ||
| *pʷitˢi: | palm species | palmeira-totai | Acrocomia aculeata subsp. totai |
| *pʷitˢop | porcupine, hedgehog | ||
| *pʷiw | flower | ||
| *ɾi:(tan) | banana (generic) | ||
| *tajin | charcoal | ||
| *takat | wax (honey, ear, for arrow, etc.) | ||
| *takawˀ | kind of fish | peixe-cará | Geophagus brasiliensis |
| *takiʔ | to fly, to leave flying | ||
| *tan | leaf, one | ||
| *tapan | monkey species | macaco-saguim | Callitrichidae; Callithrix jacchus |
| *tapiw | agouti | ||
| *tapot | straw, cover/roofing of house | ||
| *tata: | father (1SG.POSS) | ||
| *tataw | rope made of tree fibers; horn | envira (esp.); chifre | |
| *tatˢam | to laugh, to smile | ||
| *tatᶴiʔ | husband | ||
| *tawan | lazy, sulky, disobedient | ||
| *tawi: | bee (generic), honey | ||
| *tawit | fence, surrounded | ||
| *taʔ | to cut | ||
| *tikat | to finish | ||
| *tim | heart | ||
| *tipan | arm | ||
| *tipat | wing | ||
| *tipoʔ | to follow a trail | ||
| *titimˀ/*tiɾimˀ | to lie down | ||
| *tok | to drink | ||
| *tok | eye, grain, seed, stone | ||
| *toke: | chestnut, Brazil nut | ||
| *tom | to burn, black | ||
| *tomiʔ | to say, to speak | ||
| *ton | to knock down fruits by beating the tree | ||
| *top | to explode, to break corn | ||
| *topak | mouth, lips, to speak | ||
| *topan | skin, peel, bark | ||
| *topop | basket (generic) | ||
| *toɾo: | to swell, to ferment, to cause swelling | ||
| *totᶴam | clay | ||
| *totᶴik | bee species, honey | abelha-lambeolho; seu mel | Leurotrigona muelleri |
| *towa: | turtle, tortoise; rubber cylinder (?) | tartaruga, tracaja, jabuti; tambor de caucho | |
| *towan | kind of fruit | fruta-murisi | Byrsonima crassifolia |
| *towaʔ | white, bright color, daybreak/dawn | ||
| *towin | parrot species | papagaio-curica | |
| *toʔ | to beat, to open, to crack, to cut | ||
| *tɾakom | bamboo, taboca (bamboo species) | bambu; taboca | Guadua weberbaueri |
| *tɾakop | fermented drink | ||
| *tɾamaʔ | man | ||
| *tɾamʷin | red macaw | ||
| *tɾan tɾan | guan bird | jacu | Penelope |
| *tɾapo: | white hair | ||
| *tɾawan | liver; palm species, fish species | fígado; palmeira-patua; patua; surubim | Pimelodidae |
| *tɾik | coal, ember | ||
| *tɾot | aricuri palm leaf | Syagrus coronata | |
| *tᶴak | to suck on a fruit | ||
| *tᶴek | day | ||
| *tᶴijat | net | ||
| *tᶴik | one | ||
| *tᶴikinˀ | nail, claw; traíra (fish species) | unha, garra; traíra (peixe) | Erythrinidae |
| *tᶴin | to throw | ||
| *tᶴitot | country, to plant | ||
| *tᶴiw | (to be) cold | ||
| *tᶴok | to suck "noisily", to make a "sucking" sound | ||
| *tᶴom | to step; to insist | pisar, bater o pé | |
| *tᶴopin | to spit | ||
| *tᶴoraw | swallow | ||
| *tᶴowiʔ | rain, winter | ||
| *tᶴup | to kiss "noisily" | ||
| *tun | hair, coat | ||
| *tut | to walk | ||
| *wak | to add, to pile up | ||
| *waki: | toad species | ||
| *wan | to copulate, to have sex | ||
| *wana: | way, path, road | ||
| *waɲam | Indian of enemy tribe | ||
| *waɾak | sap, sperm, vaginal secretion | ||
| *watam | kind of fruit | ||
| *watᶴik | common opossum | mucura | Didelphis marsupialis |
| *wet | to marry | ||
| *weʔ | to vomit | ||
| *wijak | to scrape with a knife | ||
| *wijam | small | ||
| *wina: | to raise an animal, to tame/domesticate | ||
| *wina: | grandson | ||
| *winimˀ | to wait, to except | ||
| *witᶴiʔ | to roast on coal/ember | ||
| *ʔajiʔ | older brother | ||
| *ʔaka: | to sing (of bird), to cackle, to cry | ||
| *ʔakom | water; river; rain | ||
| *ʔakop | manioc, cassava | ||
| *ʔam | edge, margin | ||
| *ʔamiʔ | to give | ||
| *ʔamon | excrements, feces, intestines, belly | ||
| *ʔamʷi: | very, much | ||
| *ʔaɲ | to cry | ||
| *ʔanin | younger sister | ||
| *ʔapa: | palm species | palmeira-marayau | Bactris major |
| *ʔapam | shoulder | ||
| *ʔapan | kind of fruit | ||
| *ʔapaʔ | maternal grandmother | ||
| *ʔapi: | thorn, needle, hook | ||
| *ʔapi: | father-in-law | ||
| *ʔapiʔ | to finish | ||
| *ʔapo: | uncle (aunt's husband) | ||
| *ʔapop | caiman | jacaré | |
| *ʔatat | bone, leg | ||
| *ʔataw/*ʔaɾaw | back, shoulders | ||
| *ʔatin | younger brother | ||
| *ʔatɾim | house, traditional village (maloca) | ||
| *ʔatᶴaʔ | younger sibling | ||
| *ʔatᶴem | to sneeze | ||
| *ʔaw | to spill liquid, to bleed, to leak, to drain, to drip | ||
| *ʔawan | bitter | ||
| *ʔawan | tree species with venomous bark | ||
| *ʔawan | pig, hog, capybara | ||
| *ʔawi: | good, beautiful, tasty | ||
| *ʔawik | blood | ||
| *ʔawin | sky, height, to charge upwards | ||
| *ʔawom | cotton; clothes; dove/pigeon species | algodão; roupa; pomba (esp.) | |
| *ʔawum | 2SG | ||
| *ʔenem | brother-in-law (sister's husband) | ||
| *ʔep | pillar, to grind with a stone | ||
| *ʔeɾum | trumpeter (bird species) | jacamim | Psophia |
| *ʔew | burn | ||
| *ʔewu: | toucan | ||
| *ʔihʷam | fish (generic) | ||
| *ʔijat | tooth, beak | ||
| *ʔijaʔ | vessel made of palm | vasilha feita de cacho de palmeira | |
| *ʔijewˀ | paternal grandfather | ||
| *ʔiji: | palm species | palmeira-bacaba | Oenocarpus bacaba |
| *ʔijinˀ | fear, to fear | ||
| *ʔijoʔ | to put out, to erase | ||
| *ʔikan | kind of mosquito | mosquito-catoqui | |
| *ʔikat | medicine man, sorcerer | ||
| *ʔikat | to break | ||
| *ʔikim | chest, thorax | ||
| *ʔikit | knife, iron instrument | ||
| *ʔiman | hole, vagina | ||
| *ʔimiʔ | kind of mosquito or fly | pium, borrachudo | Simuliidae |
| *ʔimʷinˀ | tapir | ||
| *ʔimʷiʔ | to die, dead | ||
| *ʔinamˀ | pregnant | ||
| *ʔinawˀ | bat | ||
| *ʔinaʔ | mother | ||
| *ʔipa: | to open (eyes, door) | ||
| *ʔipan | to fall, to be born | ||
| *ʔipik | latex, rubber | seringa; borracha | |
| *ʔipʷik | anteater species | tamanduá-mirim | Tamandua tetradactyla |
| *ʔiɾam | açaí palm | palmeira-açai | |
| *ʔiɾiʔ | (to be) right, truth | ||
| *ʔit | body | ||
| *ʔitak | to swallow | ||
| *ʔitaʔ/*ʔiɾaʔ | to urinate | ||
| *ʔite: | father (1SG.POSS) | ||
| *ʔitᶴe: | fire, firewood | ||
| *ʔitˢim | night | ||
| *ʔitᶴin | centipede, millipede | ||
| *ʔiwˀ | louse | ||
| *ʔiwan | to get home | ||
| *ʔiwi: | mat | ||
| *ʔiwiʔ | smoke | ||
| *ʔodᶻip | palm species | palmeira-najá | Attalea maripa |
| *ʔojam | spirit, soul of a corpse | ||
| *ʔojop | pacu (fish species) | ||
| *ʔokin | scorpion | ||
| *ʔokon | palm species | palmeira-real / buriti | Mauritia flexuosa |
| *ʔomaʔ | to live, to have, to exist | ||
| *ʔomi: | scrubland, bush, firm land | ||
| *ʔon | to whistle without help from the hand | ||
| *ʔonaɲ | palm species | palmeira-buruburu | Astrocaryum murumuru |
| *ʔonok | navel, belly button | ||
| *ʔop | to dance | ||
| *ʔopaʔ | bagre (fish species) | bagre | |
| *ʔopi: | woodworm/beetle species | caruncho rola-bosta; besouro (esp.) | |
| *ʔopot | kind of liana used for binding | cipó-ambé, usado para amarrar | |
| *ʔoɾam | cheek | ||
| *ʔorawˀ | mushroom species | ||
| *ʔoro: | people of, clan of, kind of | ||
| *ʔoɾom | gourd, calabash | ||
| *ʔoɾot | to break out (2nd permanent tooth of a child) | ||
| *ʔotin | curassow (bird species) | mutum | Cracidae |
| *ʔoto: | gourd, calabash | ||
| *ʔotˢiw | monkey species | macaco-de-cheiro amarelo | Saimiri |
| *ʔowam | kind of fish | peixe-jeju | Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus |
| *ʔowit | wart | ||
| *ʔoβi: | anum (bird species) | Crotophaga | |
| *ʔukun | flesh (of the body), body | ||
| *ʔum | hand | ||
| *ʔumʷe: | bird (generic) | ||
| *ʔupʷek | head | ||
| *ʔupʷeɲ | to sleep | ||
| *ʔuɾin | ant species | formiga-da-castanha | |
| *ʔutuɾ | nose | ||
| *ʔutut | urine | ||
| *ʔuwe: | older sister | ||
| *ʔuwew | paternal grandmother | ||
| *ʔuwit | name | ||
| *ʔuʔ | ant species | formiga-saraça |
Portuguese glosses
[edit]Original word list with Portuguese glosses from Angenot (1997):
| No. | Portuguese gloss | Proto-Chapakura |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | acordar, despertar | *poʔ |
| 2. | ajuntar; amontoar | *wak |
| 3. | amarrar | *pawʔ |
| 4. | andar | *tut |
| 5. | arrancar | *pot |
| 6. | arroto | *ʔew |
| 7. | árvore-cachimbeira; sal | *kunʔ |
| 8. | assobiar com a ajuda da mão | *ne/on |
| 9. | assobiar sem a ajuda da mão | *ʔon |
| 10. | banana (geral) | *riː(tan) |
| 11. | banhar-se, tomar banho | *jaʔ |
| 12. | bater 1; abrir; rachar; cortar | *toʔ |
| 13. | bater 2; bofetear | *paː |
| 14. | beber | *tok |
| 15. | beijar ruidosamente | *tʃup |
| 16. | beira; margem | *ʔam |
| 17. | cantar (gente) | *kom |
| 18. | casar | *wet |
| 19. | cheirar; farejar | *nak |
| 20. | chorar | *ʔaɲ |
| 21. | chupar ruidosamente; fazer ruído de sucção | *tʃok |
| 22. | chupar uma fruta | *tʃak |
| 23. | coitar, copular, fazer sexo | *wan |
| 24. | colher; pegar; arrancar | *kut |
| 25. | comer | *kawʔ |
| 26. | coração | *tim |
| 27. | corpo | *ʔit |
| 28. | correr | *moː |
| 29. | cortar | *taʔ |
| 30. | coxa, perna superior | *pok |
| 31. | cozinhar; cuspir | *potʃ |
| 32. | dançar | *ʔop |
| 33. | dançar | *piʔ |
| 34. | deixar atrás | *pʷin |
| 35. | derramar um líquido; sangrar; gotejar; escorrer vazar | *ʔaw |
| 36. | derrubar frutas com batidas de pau | *ton |
| 37. | detestar; rejeitar | *nok |
| 38. | dia | *tʃek |
| 39. | dizer, falar | *jaː |
| 40. | empurrar; afastar | *juk |
| 41. | explodir; quebrar milho; arrebentar | *top |
| 42. | flor | *pʷiw |
| 43. | folha; um | *tan |
| 44. | formiga-saraça | *ʔuʔ |
| 45. | frio (ser) | *tʃiw |
| 46. | inchar por causa de doença; ter uma tumor | *mom |
| 47. | ir | *ma(w) |
| 48. | jogar, lançar | *tʃin |
| 49. | lagarta (esp.) | *kap |
| 50. | mamar | *nok |
| 51. | mão | *ʔum |
| 52. | matar, caçar, bater letalmente | *paʔ |
| 53. | morder, mastigar | *kiw |
| 54. | olho; grão; semente; caroço | *tok |
| 55. | peidar | *pon |
| 56. | pelo; cabelo | *tun |
| 57. | pilar, moer com pedra 1 | *ʔep |
| 58. | pilar, moer com pedra 2 | *jaw |
| 59. | piolho | *ʔiwʔ |
| 60. | pisar; bater o pé | *tʃom |
| 61. | puxar, arrastar | *kuk |
| 62. | quebrar; cortar; arrancar; descosturar | *pʷit |
| 63. | queimar; preto | *tom |
| 64. | seguir às escondidas | *juː |
| 65. | sentar | *pʷeː |
| 66. | soprar; acender o fogo | *puː |
| 67. | tirar; depenar; arranca | *pot |
| 68. | um | *tʃik |
| 69. | vermelho; maduro | *mem |
| 70. | vomitar | *weʔ |
| 71. | brasa | *trik |
| 72. | cotovelo; junta | *kram |
| 73. | entrar; dentro | *krom |
| 74. | flechar, matar, acertar um alvo com flecha | *pruː |
| 75. | folha de palmeira-aricuri | *trot |
| 76. | formiga-saúva | *kran |
| 77. | periquito | *prin |
| 78. | ver, enxergar, olhar | *krik |
| 79. | abrir (olhos, porta) | *ʔipaː |
| 80. | acabar | *ʔapiʔ |
| 81. | água, rio, chuva | *ʔakom |
| 82. | algodão; roupa; pomba (esp.) | *ʔawom |
| 83. | amargo | *ʔawan |
| 84. | anta, tapir | *ʔimʷinʔ |
| 85. | anum (ave) | *ʔoβiː |
| 86. | apagar | *ʔijoʔ |
| 87. | árvore (esp.), com casca venenosa | *ʔawan |
| 88. | avô materno | *ʔapaʔ |
| 89. | avó paterna | *ʔijewʔ |
| 90. | avô paterno | *ʔuwew |
| 91. | bagre (peixe) | *ʔopaʔ |
| 92. | bochecha | *ʔoram |
| 93. | bom; bonito; gostoso | *ʔawiː |
| 94. | brotar (segundo dente definitivo de criança) | *ʔorot |
| 95. | buraco; vagina | *ʔiman |
| 96. | cabeça | *ʔupʷek |
| 97. | cair, nascer | *ʔipan |
| 98. | cantar (pássaro); cacarejar; chorar | *ʔakaː |
| 99. | carne (do corpo); corpo | *ʔukun |
| 100. | caruncho rola-bosta; besouro (esp.) | *ʔopiː |
| 101. | casa, maloca | *ʔatrim |
| 102. | centopéia (esp.); piolho-de-cobra | *ʔitʃin |
| 103. | céu; altura; carregar para cima | *ʔawin |
| 104. | chegar em casa | *ʔiwan |
| 105. | cipó-ambé, usado para amarrar | *ʔopot |
| 106. | costas, espádua | *ʔat/raw |
| 107. | cuia, cabaça 1 | *ʔorom |
| 108. | cuia, cabaça 2 | *ʔotoː |
| 109. | cunhado (= marido de irmã) | *ʔenem |
| 110. | curandeiro, feiticeiro | *ʔikat |
| 111. | dar | *ʔamiʔ |
| 112. | dente; bico | *ʔijat |
| 113. | dormir | *ʔupʷeɲ |
| 114. | engolir | *ʔitak |
| 115. | escorpião | *ʔokin |
| 116. | espinho, agulha, anzol | *ʔapiː |
| 117. | espírito, alma de | *ʔojam |
| 118. | espirrar | *ʔatʃem |
| 119. | esteira | *ʔiwiː |
| 120. | excrementos, fezes, intestinos, barriga | *ʔamon |
| 121. | faca, facão, terçado; instrumento de ferro | *ʔikit |
| 122. | fogo, lenha | *ʔitʃeː |
| 123. | formiga-da-castanha | *ʔurin |
| 124. | fruta-tuturubá | *ʔapan |
| 125. | fumaça | *ʔiwiʔ |
| 126. | grávida | *ʔinamʔ |
| 127. | irmã mais nova | *ʔanin |
| 128. | irmã mais velha | *ʔuweː |
| 129. | irmã(o) mais nova | *ʔatʃaʔ |
| 130. | irmão mais novo | *ʔatin |
| 131. | irmão mais velho | *ʔajiʔ |
| 132. | jacamim | *ʔerum |
| 133. | jacaré | *ʔapop |
| 134. | macaco-de-cheiro | *ʔotsiw |
| 135. | macaxeira, aipim; mandioca | *ʔakop |
| 136. | mãe | *ʔinaʔ |
| 137. | mato, terra firme | *ʔomiː |
| 138. | medo, temer | *ʔijinʔ |
| 139. | morcego | *ʔinawʔ |
| 140. | morrer, morto | *ʔimʷiʔ |
| 141. | mosquito-catoqui | *ʔikan |
| 142. | muito | *ʔamʷiː |
| 143. | mutum | *ʔotin |
| 144. | nariz | *ʔutur |
| 145. | noite | *ʔitsim |
| 146. | nome | *ʔuwit |
| 147. | ombro | *ʔapam |
| 148. | osso, perna | *ʔatat |
| 149. | pacu (peixe) | *ʔojop |
| 150. | pai (meu) | *ʔiteː |
| 151. | palmeira-açai | *ʔiram |
| 152. | palmeira-bacaba | *ʔijiː |
| 153. | palmeira-buruburu | *ʔonaɲ |
| 154. | palmeira-marayau | *ʔapaː |
| 155. | palmeira-najá | *ʔodzip |
| 156. | palmeira-real / buriti | *ʔokon |
| 157. | pássaro, ave (geral) | *ʔumʷeː |
| 158. | peito, torax | *ʔikim |
| 159. | peixe (geral) | *ʔihʷam |
| 160. | peixe-jeju | *ʔowam |
| 161. | pium, borrachudo | *ʔimiʔ |
| 162. | porco; caititu; capivara | *ʔawan |
| 163. | povo de; clã de; espécie de | *ʔoroː |
| 164. | quebrar | *ʔikat |
| 165. | sangue | *ʔawik |
| 166. | seringa; borracha | *ʔipik |
| 167. | sogro | *ʔapiː |
| 168. | tamandua-mirim | *ʔipʷik |
| 169. | tio (= esposo da tia) | *ʔapoː |
| 170. | tu, você | *ʔawum |
| 171. | tucano | *ʔewuː |
| 172. | umbigo | *ʔonok |
| 173. | urina | *ʔutut |
| 174. | urinar | *ʔit/raʔ |
| 175. | vasilha feita de cacho de palmeira | *ʔijaʔ |
| 176. | verdade (ser) | *ʔiriʔ |
| 177. | verruga | *ʔowit |
| 178. | viver; haver, existir | *ʔomaʔ |
| 179. | abacaxi, ananas | *katʃin |
| 180. | abelha (geral), mel | *tawiː |
| 181. | abelha-lambeolho; seu mel | *totʃik |
| 182. | abotoar | *haram |
| 183. | acabar | *tikat |
| 184. | andorinha 1 | *tʃoraw |
| 185. | andorinha 2 | *murinʔ |
| 186. | animal (geral); peixe | *patiʔ |
| 187. | aranha caranguejeira | *piwan |
| 188. | arco (geral) | *parVː |
| 189. | arco pequeno (esp.) | *mapʷip |
| 190. | arranhar; coçar | *pitʃak |
| 190. | árvore (geral), madeira, pau | *panaː |
| 191. | árvore-itaúba | *nopon |
| 192. | árvore-rochinha | *kawaː |
| 193. | asa | *tipat |
| 194. | assar na brasa | *witʃiʔ |
| 195. | barro | *totʃam |
| 196. | batata-cará | *madzan |
| 197. | boca, lábios; falar | *topak |
| 198. | bocejar | *kat/rat |
| 199. | borduna, cacete, porrete | *mapawʔ |
| 200. | boto | *kat/kawʔ |
| 201. | braço | *tipan |
| 202. | branco, cor clara; aurora | *towaʔ |
| 203. | breu (de jatobá); luz | *naran |
| 204. | broca do tucumã | *mowawʔ |
| 205. | cacau | *kenum |
| 206. | caminho, estrada | *wanaː |
| 207. | caranguejo | *mekuʔ |
| 208. | carrapato grande | *katinʔ |
| 209. | carvão vegetal | *tajin |
| 210. | castanha, noz do | *tokeː |
| 211. | cera (de mel, de ouvido, para flecha, etc.) | *takat |
| 212. | cerca, cercado | *tawit |
| 213. | cesta (geral) | *topop |
| 214. | chifre | *pitʃiː |
| 215. | chuva; inverno | *tʃowiʔ |
| 216. | cócegas | *katʃa/ok |
| 217. | cogumelo (esp.) | *ʔorawʔ |
| 218. | cordão, corda, linha, fio | *mokon |
| 219. | criança recém-nascida | *pijeʔ |
| 220. | criar um bicho; domesticá-lo | *winaː |
| 221. | cujubim | *pipon |
| 222. | cuspir | *tʃopin |
| 223. | cutia, aguti | *tapiw |
| 224. | deitar-se | *tit/rimʔ |
| 225. | derrubar frutas com batidas de pau | *kot/rok |
| 226. | descer; baixar | *kijiʔ |
| 227. | dizer, falar | *tomiʔ |
| 228. | envira (esp.); chifre | *tataw |
| 229. | errar o alvo com flecha | *purek |
| 230. | esperar; aguardar | *winimʔ |
| 231. | farinha | *moroʔ |
| 232. | feder; mau cheiro | *kunuː |
| 233. | flecha (geral) | *kiwoʔ |
| 234. | flecha pequena, usada para jogo de criança (esp.) | *kawaː |
| 236. | frio (ter) | *kipʷin |
| 237. | fruta-murisi | *towan |
| 238. | fruta-pama | *watam |
| 239. | gordura, banha | *mapom |
| 240. | grande, gordo | *k/hʷaraʔ |
| 241. | inchar; fermentar; causar ingua | *toroː |
| 242. | índio de tribo inimiga | *waɲam |
| 243. | insosso; sem sal | *kamaɲʔ |
| 244. | jiboia | *pʷiran |
| 245. | lamber | *kedzek |
| 246. | macaco-prego | *jowin |
| 247. | macaco-saguim | *tapan |
| 248. | marido, esposo | *tatʃiʔ |
| 249. | milho | *mapak |
| 251. | mucura (esp.) | *watʃik |
| 252. | mutuca grande | *pʷitiː |
| 253. | neto (meu) | *winaː |
| 254. | onça, jaguar; cão | *kinam |
| 255. | paca | *mikop |
| 256. | pai (meu) | *tataː |
| 257. | palha, cobertura de | *tapot |
| 258. | palmeira-carundaí | *koran |
| 259. | palmeira-totai | *pʷitsiː |
| 260. | pamonha | *kapam |
| 261. | papagaio-curica | *towin |
| 262. | papagaio-moleiro | *kawit |
| 263. | pé | *katim |
| 264. | pedra, rocha | *pʷikun |
| 265. | peixe-cará | *takawʔ |
| 266. | pele, couro, casca | *topan |
| 267. | pênis | *jikat |
| 268. | pentelho, pelos pubianos | *padzaw |
| 269. | pequeno | *wijam |
| 270. | pintar; escrever | *maram |
| 271. | piranha (esp.) | *kokiː |
| 272. | ponte; grelha para | *kitam |
| 273. | porco, queixada | *mʷijak |
| 274. | porco-espinho, ouriço | *pʷitsop |
| 275. | preguiçoso; emburrado; desobediente | *tawan |
| 276. | preto, negro | *mitʃem |
| 277. | pus; infecção; tumor | *mowin |
| 278. | queixo | *horam |
| 279. | quoati-puru; esquilo | *piramʔ |
| 280. | rabo, cauda | *kipun |
| 281. | raiva, bravo | *manaʔ |
| 282. | raspar com faca | *wijak |
| 283. | rede | *tʃijat |
| 284. | remo | *koraː |
| 285. | rir; sorrir | *tatsam |
| 286. | roça, plantar | *tʃitot |
| 287. | rosto, frente, face | *natan |
| 288. | roubar, ladrão | *mawiː |
| 289. | sapo (esp.) | *wakiː |
| 290. | seguir o rastro | *tipoʔ |
| 291. | seiva; esperma; secreção vaginal | *warak |
| 292. | sol | *komeN |
| 293. | taquara (esp.); flecha (esp.); faca de bambu | *papat |
| 294. | tartaruga, tracaja, jabuti; tambor de caucho | *towaː |
| 295. | tatu comum | *kʷaraʔ |
| 296. | tatu gigante (esp.) | *pikot |
| 297. | unha, garra; trairá (peixe) | *tʃikinʔ |
| 298. | urucum; paus para produzir fogo | *mawin |
| 299. | vento | *papop |
| 300. | vermelho; maduro 1 | *pakaʔ |
| 301. | vermelho; maduro 2 | *kotem |
| 302. | vir, chegar | *makiʔ |
| 303. | voar; sair voando | *takiʔ |
| 304. | arara vermelha menor | *tramʷin |
| 305. | bambu; taboca | *trakom |
| 306. | cabelo branco | *trapoː |
| 307. | chicha | *trakop |
| 308. | fígado; palmeira-patua; surubim | *trawan |
| 309. | homem | *tramaʔ |
| 310. | jacu | *tran tran |
References
[edit]- ^ Angenot de Lima, Geralda (1997). Fonotática e Fonologia do Lexema Protochapacura. Master’s dissertation, Universidade Federal de Rondônia.
- ^ “Proto-Chapacuran”, in Diachronic Atlas of Comparative Linguistics (DiACL)[1], 2020 January 29 (last accessed)
- ^ Jirau is a kind of indigenous frame for grilling meat or fish.