Appendix:Proto-Guahiban reconstructions
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Proto-Guahiban reconstructions:[1]
Christian & Matteson (1972)
[edit]| no. | gloss | Proto-Guahiban |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | abdomen | *-khoto(-wita) |
| 2. | Adam's apple | *-kuaY(-bo-kará/batɨ)-to |
| 3. | agouti | *bɨnɨ, *bɨNɨ |
| 4. | all | *daxɨ́-ta |
| 5. | anaconda | *homo-wábi |
| 6. | ant | *pɨbɨ |
| 7. | ant | *kha-kha-ra-wa |
| 8. | anteater | *tsóNi (pre-Guahiban) |
| 9. | arm | *-ma-xi/xa-si-pa-to |
| 10. | armadillo | *tahaú-bi |
| 11. | arrow | *pú/ku-yani (pre-Guahiban) |
| 12. | ash | *i/a-pu-ma-na/Na |
| 13. | axe | *sipá-li-a- |
| 14. | bad | *a-béhe |
| 15. | bark | *-bauko- |
| 16. | bat | *hai-wi/si-ri-to (pre-Guahiban) |
| 17. | beard | *-bixi/o-pina/piNa |
| 18. | bee (honey) | *habi/bara-moNɨ |
| 19. | big | *pinihí-yi/nV |
| 20. | bite | *síne, *síNe |
| 21. | black | *-tsaebía-hawa |
| 22. | blood | *háNa |
| 23. | bow (n.) | *bitsá-bi |
| 24. | breast | *-mí-pa/pi-to |
| 25. | brush, woods | *uéNu |
| 26. | buzzard | *ké-ke-re |
| 27. | cane | *mu/ba-se-bo |
| 28. | canoe | *héra |
| 29. | capybara | *húmo-ko-bi-to |
| 30. | chili pepper | *noN-hi |
| 31. | chin | *bɨxi- |
| 32. | cold | *a-ke |
| 33. | come | *patao-ho-pa |
| 34. | corn | *hétsa |
| 35. | crocodile | *makhiNe-he |
| 36. | cultivated clearing | *pábi |
| 37. | curassow | *iɨhɨ-bɨrɨ |
| 38. | day | *mata-kái-bi |
| 39. | die | *tɨpa |
| 40. | dig | *kúa |
| 41. | doorway | *bau-pha-ka |
| 42. | down | *bé-reka |
| 43. | drink | *ápa |
| 44. | dry | *tséawa |
| 45. | dull | *a-wóno-bi |
| 46. | ear (inner) | *muxu/mi-Yó-lo/ri-to |
| 47. | earth | *íra |
| 48. | eat | *xáne, *xáNe |
| 49. | egg | *tobɨ |
| 50. | eye | *takhú |
| 51. | far | *tahɨ |
| 52. | father | *p-áxa |
| 53. | fear | *ku-húnawa, *ku-húNawa |
| 54. | finger | *ko-besí/tíya |
| 55. | fire | *iso, nawa |
| 56. | firewood | *íso |
| 57. | first | *kopiaya-pita |
| 58. | fish | *duhuaY |
| 59. | fish hook | *kulupú-bo |
| 60. | flesh | *-wúi |
| 61. | flower | *-ma-tóNo-to |
| 62. | fly (n.) | *dáina-, *dáiNa- |
| 63. | foot | *tákhua |
| 64. | forehead | *-ta-pa-thái- |
| 65. | fruit | *bobo-kuí |
| 66. | full | *wiNíka |
| 67. | fur | *-ná-i |
| 68. | gourd | *dére-bɨ |
| 69. | grease | *-nasí-tsi-/-wa, *-Na-sí-tsi/wa |
| 70. | guan | *kuYu-wi |
| 71. | hair | *ma-ta-nao |
| 72. | hammock | *buu |
| 73. | hand | *-kóbe |
| 74. | he | *khum-po-ni |
| 75. | hear | *húme-tane, *húme-taNe |
| 76. | heart | *-humata-bɨ-ɨthɨ-to |
| 77. | heavy | *a-réwi |
| 78. | hen | *wakará |
| 79. | here | *hó-ta |
| 80. | his | *pE- |
| 81. | hold | *xáina, *xáiNa |
| 82. | hot | *a-táhu-enik |
| 83. | house | *bau |
| 84. | how | *pa-kuénia, *pa-kuéNia |
| 85. | huge rocks | *p-ĩbo-to |
| 86. | hummingbird | *se-si-bá-ri/-u/-Ci-to |
| 87. | husband | *-amuNa-to |
| 88. | husband | *-pébi |
| 89. | I | *xá-ni |
| 90. | iguana | *matíbi |
| 91. | imperative | *-ma |
| 92. | imperative | *-re |
| 93. | in, at | *-ta |
| 95. | intestines | *-ɨ́nɨ |
| 96. | island | *tuanái-to |
| 97. | jaguar | *neúthɨ |
| 98. | kill | *beaxú-a-ba |
| 99. | knee | *-ma-ta-baókao |
| 100. | know | *yapí-tane, *yapí-taNe |
| 101. | lake | *púka |
| 102. | lie down | *rúka |
| 103. | lightning | *Yáamaxɨ |
| 104. | lip | *Ci-uphi-Yólo/ri |
| 105. | liver | *pa-hapa- |
| 106. | long | *a-pía |
| 107. | long hair | *ã-ma-tao-ná-pia, *ã-ma-tao-Ná-pia |
| 108. | louse | *talí |
| 109. | lower arm | *ma-xi-sí-pa-pa |
| 110. | lower leg | *sí-to |
| 111. | lungs | *ka-fo-fóbi |
| 112. | macaw | *máha |
| 113. | man | *pébĩ |
| 114. | manioc | *bawá |
| 115. | manioc flour | *matsúka |
| 116. | many | *na-wi-ta |
| 117. | miriti palm | *ino-hóa-bo/to |
| 118. | monkey, howler | *níhẽ |
| 119. | mosquito | *wéasɨ |
| 120. | mother | *p-éna |
| 121. | mouth | *kui-bo-to |
| 122. | my | *ta-x |
| 123. | my | *taha- |
| 124. | name | *-wɨ́-ni |
| 125. | near | *imokhó-yo |
| 126. | neck | *Ce-i-sí-to |
| 127. | new | *ha-na-ha-wa, *ha-Na-ha-wa |
| 128. | night | *meráwi |
| 129. | nose | *phúmu |
| 130. | old man | *perú-hu-ni/wa-yo |
| 131. | old woman | *perú-hu-wa |
| 132. | one | *kaé-haewa |
| 133. | otter | *bohóNao-wi |
| 134. | our | *wa-ha |
| 135. | our | *pa-ta |
| 136. | paca | *opheá-bi |
| 137. | paddle | *ka-téna-pa, *ka-téNa-pa |
| 138. | parakeet | *tsé-le/Ci-to |
| 139. | parrot | *óNau |
| 140. | path, trail, road | *nã-mue-to |
| 141. | pebbles | *síki-ibo-to-xi/tiyo |
| 142. | white-lipped peccary | *habítsa |
| 143. | collared peccary | *tsamaú-li |
| 144. | people | *híwi |
| 145. | piranha | *kowára-bo |
| 146. | piranha | *fe-le-le-va- |
| 147. | push | *to-ró-/tá-ba |
| 148. | rain | *éma |
| 149. | rattle | *tsi-tsí-bu |
| 150. | rattlesnake | *yaa-sí-to |
| 151. | red | *tsobía |
| 152. | river, stream | *méne, *méNe |
| 153. | river turtle | *hála |
| 154. | root | *-tabú-topa |
| 155. | rope | *-amí-to |
| 156. | saliva | *-i-óne, *-i-óNe |
| 157. | sand | *tahita-atsa |
| 158. | see | *tá-Ne/naɨ/ne-kota |
| 159. | seed | *-xú- |
| 160. | sew | *horáuka |
| 161. | she | *pó-wa |
| 162. | shoulder | *-wɨ/o-tá-kura |
| 163. | shoulder | *kóf-ia/eri |
| 164. | sing | *na-xɨ́ana, *na-xɨ́aNa |
| 165. | sit | *éka |
| 166. | skin | *pera-bo/i |
| 167. | sky | *itá-bokhau |
| 168. | sleep | *mahí-ta/teka |
| 169. | smell | *tuxú-ne/na/Ne/Na |
| 170. | smooth | *kóni-hai |
| 171. | snake | *hómo |
| 172. | spider | *khaumɨ-bɨ-to |
| 173. | split | *waúkoba |
| 174. | stand | *Núka |
| 175. | stick | *náe-hava/wa-ta |
| 176. | stomach | *kó-to/so-to/-ro |
| 177. | stone | *ibó- |
| 178. | sun | *húami-to |
| 179. | sweet potato | *dáithi |
| 180. | swell | *ya-hín/Na |
| 181. | tail | *bosó-to |
| 182. | tapir | *métsa-ha |
| 183. | termite | *ophó |
| 184. | that | *bahará-xua |
| 185. | their | *pe- |
| 186. | their | *pi-ha/yeníhi- |
| 187. | they | *po-món/Nae |
| 188. | thick | *aitayáɨ |
| 189. | thigh | *-topa-thái |
| 190. | think | *nahunatabi xáin/Na |
| 191. | this | *xuá |
| 192. | thou | *xámɨ |
| 193. | toad | *busɨ-to |
| 194. | tobacco | *tséma |
| 195. | tongue tip | *e-bá-rɨ-to-kopi-a |
| 196. | tooth | *-a-wáuno |
| 197. | toucan | *tuikuékue |
| 198. | tree, stick | *náe-hava, *hae-wa |
| 199. | upper back | *-hu-ma |
| 200. | village | *tómara |
| 201. | vomit | *y/n-akába |
| 202. | walk | *póna-pona |
| 203. | wash | *ki-á-ta |
| 204. | water | *mé-ra |
| 205. | we | *waxái-tsi |
| 206. | when | *detsa/eta-pao-kuín/Naehi |
| 207. | whip | *détsa/éta hóta |
| 208. | wife | *piha-wa |
| 209. | wind | *hoibóa |
| 210. | wing | *kúarau-fe |
| 211. | woman | *pe-tíri-wa |
| 212. | worm | *oro |
| 213. | wrist | *kóbe-ya-vére/hóri-to |
| 214. | ye | *pa-xá-mi |
| 215. | year | *wái |
| 216. | your (pl.) | *pa-n/Ne- |
| 217. | your (sg.) | *ni-hi |
References
[edit]- ^ Christian, Diana R., and Esther Matteson. 1972. Proto-Guahiban. In Esther Matteson (ed.), Comparative Studies in Amerindian Languages, 150-159. The Hague: Mouton.