Appendix:Proto-Athabaskan reconstructions
Appearance
Proto-Athabaskan (Athapaskan) reconstructions by Krauss (1964):[1]
Krauss (1964)
[edit]No. | English gloss | Proto-Athapaskan |
---|---|---|
1 | ear | *-džəx-əʔ |
2 | spruce gram | *džexʔ |
3 | leg | *-g̯ʷa-(dəʔ) |
4 | day | *g̯ʷe-n |
5 | beaver | *tšaʔ |
6 | grandmother | *-tšu(-) |
7 | weep | *-k̯ʷəx |
8 | dry wood | *k̯ʷəg̯ʷ |
9 | open mouth, yawn | *-tš’əx |
10 | elbow | *-tš’əšʔ, *-cʷ’əsɛʔ |
11 | wind (blows) | *-k̯ʷ’əx̯ |
12 | scratch (vb.) | *-k̯ʷ’ədʔ |
13 | I, me | *ši |
14 | summer | *še-n(-ə) |
15 | sun | *x̯ʷa |
16 | black | *-x̯ʷẽn |
17 | say | *-ni(ʔ) |
18 | head | *-tsiʔ |
19 | water | *tu |
20 | tooth | *-xʷuʔ |
21 | grab | *-k̯ud |
22 | creep | *-duns |
23 | good, pretty | *-x̯ʷun |
24 | stone | *tse |
25 | horn | *-deʔ |
26 | foot | *-keʔ |
27 | egg | *-xe(n)x̯ʷʔ-(əʔ) |
28 | charcoal | *t’exʷʔ |
29 | sky | *ya |
30 | louse | *yaʔ |
31 | father | *-taʔ |
32 | leaf | *-t’a-nʔ |
33 | plate | *ta’agʔ |
34 | mouth | *-sadʔ |
35 | smoke | *łəd |
36 | liver | *-sədʔ |
37 | belly | *-wədʔ |
38 | flesh | *-tsənʔ |
39 | bone | *-ts’ən |
40 | bone (possessed) | *-ts’ənəʔ |
41 | sticks | *-k̯ən |
42 | sip | *-x̯ʷəx̯ʷ |
43 | hook | *(-)x̯ʷəx-ł |
44 | hat | *-tš’əx(-əʔ) |
45 | heel | *-tAdlʔ |
46 | willow | *k’Ax̯ʔ |
47 | dry | *-gAn |
48 | claw, nail | *-gAnəʔ |
49 | rabbit | *gAx |
50 | winter | *xAx̯ |
51 | husband | *-kAnʔ |
52 | cloud | *kʷ’Us |
53 | thorn | *xʷUx̯ʷ |
54 | frost, dampness | *x̯ʷUxʷ |
55 | knee | *-gUdʔ |
56 | fire | *kʷUnʔ |
57 | star | *sUnʔ, *tsUnʔ |
58 | housefly | *dUn |
59 | poke | *-gʷed, *-gʷəd |
60 | abscess | *k̯ʷəg̯ʷʔ, *k̯ʷ’əg̯ʷʔ |
61 | crossing over | *-tes, *-təs |
62 | tight | *k̯’edʔ, *-k̯’ədʔ |
63 | big | *-k̯axʷʔ ~ *-k̯Axʷʔ |
64 | feathers | *-k̯udz-əʔ |
65 | yellow | *-tsUxʷ ~ *-tsuxʷʔ |
66 | cottonwood | *t’əxs |
67 | alder | *k’ə(x)ʷ |
68 | snake | *tl’əxx̯ʷ |
69 | squirrel | *tsəłx̯ʔ |
References
[edit]- ^ Krauss, Michael E. 1964. Proto-Athapaskan-Eyak and the Problem of Na-Dene: The Phonology. International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 30, No. 2 (Apr., 1964), pp. 118-131. University of Chicago Press.