Appendix:JLPT/N5
This appendix is broken into sections corresponding to the ten columns of the gojūon kana ordering system. There a total of 666 words. The frequency of the word is compiled from here.
あ行
[edit]| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 会う | あう | [1] to meet; to encounter; to see [2] to have an accident; to have a bad experience | 311 |
| 青 | あお | [1] blue; azure [2] green [3] green light (traffic) | 3923 |
| 青い | あおい | [1] blue; azure [2] green [3] pale (facial color); gray; grey | 1797 |
| 赤 | あか | [1] red; crimson; scarlet [2] red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange) [3] Red (i.e. communist) | 2068 |
| 赤い | あかい | [1] red; crimson; scarlet; vermilion [2] Red; communist | 1308 |
| 明るい | あかるい | [1] light; bright; well-lit; well-lighted [2] bright (colour) [3] cheerful; bright; spirited; sunny (e.g. disposition) | 978 |
| 秋 | あき | autumn; fall | 977 |
| 空く | あく | [1] to open (e.g. doors) [2] to open (e.g. business, etc.) [3] to be empty | 2082 |
| 開く | あく | [1] to open (e.g. doors) [2] to open (e.g. business, etc.) [3] to be empty | 2558 |
| 明く | あく | [1] to open (e.g. doors) [2] to open (e.g. business, etc.) [3] to be empty | 4912 |
| 開ける | あける | [10] to make (a hole); to open up (a hole) [1] to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock [2] to open (for business, etc.) | 646 |
| 明ける | あける | [10] to make (a hole); to open up (a hole) [1] to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock [2] to open (for business, etc.) | 4709 |
| 上げる | あげる | [10] to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to develop (talent, skill); to improve [11] to make (a loud sound); to raise (one's voice) [12] to earn (something desirable) | 225 |
| 朝 | あさ | [1] morning [2] breakfast | 378 |
| 朝ご飯 | あさごはん | breakfast | N/A |
| 明後日 | あさって | [1] day after tomorrow [2] wrong (e.g. direction) | N/A |
| 足 | あし | [1] foot; paw; arm (of an octopus, squid, etc.) [2] leg [3] gait | 427 |
| 明日 | あした | [1] tomorrow [2] near future | 1008 |
| 彼処 | あそこ | [1] there; over there; that place; yonder; you-know-where [2] genitals; private parts; nether regions [3] that far; that much; that point | 1320 |
| 遊ぶ | あそぶ | [1] to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to have a good time [2] to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.) [3] to be idle; to do nothing; to be unused | 396 |
| 温かい | あたたかい | [1] warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot [2] considerate; kind; genial [3] warm (of a colour); mellow | 1194 |
| 暖かい | あたたかい | [1] warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot [2] considerate; kind; genial [3] warm (of a colour); mellow | N/A |
| 頭 | あたま | [10] pair [1] head [2] hair (on one's head) | 323 |
| 新しい | あたらしい | new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date; modern | 308 |
| 彼方 | あちら | [1] that way; that direction; over there; yonder [2] that (one) [3] that person | 2711 |
| 暑い | あつい | [1] hot; warm; sultry; heated [2] passionate; impassioned; burning (desire, etc.) [3] on everybody's mind; on the radar; du jour; interested (gaze, etc.) | 1388 |
| 熱い | あつい | [1] hot (to the touch) [2] passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. gaze) [3] hot (e.g. temper) | 1722 |
| 厚い | あつい | [1] thick; deep; heavy [2] kind; cordial; hospitable; warm; faithful [3] serious (of an illness) | 3290 |
| 後 | あと | [1] behind; rear [2] after; later [3] remainder; the rest | 83 |
| 貴方 | あなた | [1] you [2] dear; honey | 226 |
| 兄 | あに | [1] older brother; elder brother [2] brother-in-law (spouse's older brother or older sister's husband) | 1134 |
| 姉 | あね | [1] older sister; elder sister [2] Ane | 1399 |
| あの | say; well; um; er | 21 | |
| アパート | [1] apartment building; apartment block; apartment house [2] apartment | 1983 | |
| 浴びる | あびる | [1] to dash over oneself (e.g. water); to take (e.g. shower); to bask in (e.g. the sun); to bathe in; to be flooded with (e.g. light); to be covered in [2] to suffer (e.g. an attack); to draw (e.g. criticism, attention, praise); to have heaped upon; to be showered with | 2288 |
| 危ない | あぶない | [1] dangerous; risky; hazardous; perilous; precarious [2] in danger; in jeopardy; critical; grave; at risk [3] uncertain; unreliable; insecure; unsteady; doubtful | 2083 |
| 甘い | あまい | [1] sweet-tasting; sweet; sugary; sugared [2] fragrant (smelling); sweet (music) [3] lightly salted; light in salt; not spicy | 1366 |
| 余り | あまり | [1] remainder; remnant; rest; balance; surplus; remains (of a meal); leftovers [2] (not) very; (not) much [3] too much; excessively; overly | 153 |
| 雨 | あめ | [1] rain [2] rainy day; rainy weather [3] the November suit (in hanafuda) | 753 |
| 飴 | あめ | [1] (hard) candy; toffee [2] rice-sugar; sugar made from the starch of rice, potatoes, etc. [3] amber; yellowish-brown | N/A |
| 洗う | あらう | [1] to wash; to cleanse; to rinse [2] to inquire into; to investigate [3] to purify (one's heart) | 1229 |
| 有る | ある | [1] to be; to exist; to live [2] to have [3] to be located | 249 |
| 歩く | あるく | to walk | 292 |
| 彼 | あれ | [1] that; that thing [2] that person [3] then; that time | N/A |
| いいえ | [1] no [2] you're welcome; not at all; don't mention it | 3852 | |
| 言う | いう | [1] to say; to utter; to declare [2] to name; to call [3] to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise | 19 |
| 家 | いえ | [1] house; residence; dwelling [2] family; household [3] lineage; family name | 3558 |
| 行く | いく | [10] to continue ...; to go on ...; to (progress) steadily; to gradually ...; to progressively ... [11] to have an orgasm; to come; to cum [12] to trip; to get high; to have a drug-induced hallucination | 48 |
| 幾つ | いくつ | [1] how many [2] how old | 640 |
| 幾ら | いくら | [1] how much [2] something over; and something; -odd [3] however (much); no matter how | 659 |
| 池 | いけ | pond | 2638 |
| 医者 | いしゃ | doctor; physician | 973 |
| 椅子 | いす | [1] chair; seat; stool; bench [2] post; position; seat; office | 1440 |
| 忙しい | いそがしい | [1] busy; occupied; hectic [2] restless; hurried; fidgety | 1163 |
| 痛い | いたい | [1] painful; sore [2] cringy; embarrassing | 776 |
| 一 | いち | [1] one; 1 [2] best [3] first; foremost | 144 |
| 一日 | いちにち | [1] one day [2] all day (long); the whole day; from morning till night [3] first day of the month | 514 |
| 一番 | いちばん | [1] number one; first; first place [2] best; most [3] game; round; bout | 147 |
| 一緒 | いっしょ | [1] (doing) together [2] one lump; one mixture; the same category [3] the same; identical | 222 |
| 何時 | いつ | [1] when; at what time; how soon [2] normal times; ordinary days | 174 |
| ５日 | いつか | [1] 5th day of the month [2] five days [3] Itsuka | 2386 |
| 五つ | いつつ | [1] five [2] five years of age [3] eight o'clock (old time system) | 2934 |
| 何時も | いつも | [1] always; all the time; at all times [2] never [3] usual; regular; habitual; customary | N/A |
| 犬 | いぬ | [1] dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris) [2] squealer; rat; snitch; informer; informant; spy [3] loser; asshole | 390 |
| 今 | いま | [1] now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately [2] another; more | 69 |
| 意味 | いみ | meaning; significance; sense | 201 |
| 妹 | いもうと | younger sister | 1375 |
| 嫌 | いや | [1] disliking; not wanting; unwilling (to do); reluctant [2] unpleasant; disagreeable; nasty; horrible; disgusting; undesirable; unwelcome [3] no!; quit it!; stop! | 501 |
| 入り口 | いりぐち | entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth | 2043 |
| 居る | いる | [1] to be (of animate objects); to exist [2] to stay [3] to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing | 79 |
| 要る | いる | to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want | 1208 |
| 入れる | いれる | [1] to put in; to let in; to take in; to bring in; to insert; to install (e.g. software); to set (a jewel, etc.); to ink in (e.g. tattoo) [2] to admit; to accept; to employ; to hire [3] to accept; to comply; to grant; to adopt (a policy, etc.); to take (advice, etc.); to listen to; to pay attention to | 164 |
| 色 | いろ | [10] kind; type; variety [1] colour; color; hue; tint; tinge; shade [2] complexion; skin colour; skin color | 531 |
| 色々 | いろいろ | [1] various; a variety of; all sorts of; many (different) [2] variously; in various ways; in many ways [3] various things; this and that | 143 |
| 上 | うえ | [10] since ...; now that ...; because ... [11] honorable; venerable; dear [12] emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo | 171 |
| 後ろ | うしろ | back; behind; rear | 871 |
| 薄い | うすい | [1] thin (of an object) [2] pale; light; faint [3] watery; thin; diluted | 1301 |
| 歌 | うた | [1] song; singing [2] classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka) [3] modern poetry | 645 |
| 歌う | うたう | [1] to sing [2] to sing of (love, beauty, etc.) in a poem; to express in the form of a poem; to recite (a poem) | 638 |
| 生まれる | うまれる | to be born | 364 |
| 海 | うみ | sea; ocean; waters | 414 |
| 売る | うる | [1] to sell [2] to betray; to sell out (one's friend, country, etc.) [3] to make (oneself) known; to establish (a reputation) for oneself | 538 |
| 煩い | うるさい | [1] noisy; loud [2] annoying; troublesome; tiresome; persistent; importunate [3] fussy; finicky; picky; particular; nagging; fastidious; bossy | 2170 |
| 上着 | うわぎ | [1] coat; jacket; outerwear [2] top; upper-body garment | N/A |
| 絵 | え | [1] picture; drawing; painting; sketch [2] image (TV, film, etc.); picture; footage | 593 |
| 映画 | えいが | movie; film; motion picture | 503 |
| 映画館 | えいがかん | movie theatre; movie theater; cinema | 3235 |
| 英語 | えいご | English (language) | 439 |
| ええ | [1] yes; that is correct; right [2] um; errr; well [3] huh? | 18 | |
| 駅 | えき | [1] railway station; train station [2] staging post on a highway (in pre-modern Japan) [3] counter for railway stations and bus stations | 500 |
| エレベーター | [1] elevator; lift [2] elevator | 3973 | |
| 鉛筆 | えんぴつ | pencil | 3791 |
| 美味しい | おいしい | [1] good(-tasting); nice; delicious; tasty [2] attractive (offer, opportunity, etc.); appealing; convenient; favorable; desirable; profitable | 345 |
| 多い | おおい | [1] many; numerous; a lot [2] large amount of; large quantity of; a lot; much [3] frequent; common | 124 |
| 大きい | おおきい | [1] big; large; great [2] loud [3] extensive; spacious | 220 |
| 大きな | おおきな | big; large; great | 213 |
| 大勢 | おおぜい | [1] crowd of people; great number of people [2] in great numbers | 1990 |
| お母さん | おかあさん | [1] mother; mom; mum; ma [2] wife [3] you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); she; her | N/A |
| お菓子 | おかし | confections; sweets; candy; cake | 1435 |
| お金 | おかね | money | N/A |
| 起きる | おきる | [1] to get up; to rise; to blaze up (fire) [2] to wake up; to be awake; to stay awake [3] to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen; to take place | 498 |
| 置く | おく | [10] to leave something in a certain state; to keep something in a certain state [1] to put; to place [2] to leave (behind) | 276 |
| 奥さん | おくさん | wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam | 1562 |
| お酒 | おさけ | alcohol; sake | N/A |
| お皿 | おさら | plate; dish | N/A |
| 教える | おしえる | [1] to teach; to instruct [2] to tell; to inform; to show [3] to preach | 267 |
| 押す | おす | [10] to fall behind schedule [1] to push; to thrust; to shove [2] to press (down); to push (e.g. a button); to exert pressure on | 950 |
| 遅い | おそい | [1] slow [2] late [3] too late | 1025 |
| お茶 | おちゃ | [1] tea (esp. green or barley) [2] tea break (at work) [3] tea ceremony | N/A |
| お手洗い | おてあらい | toilet; restroom; lavatory; bathroom | N/A |
| お父さん | おとうさん | [1] father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy; dada [2] husband [3] you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he; him | 777 |
| 弟 | おとうと | [1] younger brother; little brother; kid brother [2] brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband) [3] pupil; apprentice | 1368 |
| 男 | おとこ | [1] man; male [2] fellow; guy; chap; bloke [3] male lover; boyfriend; man | 293 |
| 男の子 | おとこのこ | [1] boy; son; baby boy [2] young man | 1234 |
| 一昨日 | おととい | day before yesterday | N/A |
| 一昨年 | おととし | year before last | N/A |
| 大人 | おとな | adult; grown-up | 700 |
| お腹 | おなか | belly; abdomen; stomach | 1020 |
| 同じ | おなじ | [1] same; identical; equal; alike; equivalent [2] anyway; in any case; if one must ...; if one has to ...; as long as ... | 149 |
| お兄さん | おにいさん | [1] older brother; elder brother [2] young man; buddy; fella; laddie | N/A |
| お姉さん | おねえさん | [1] older sister; elder sister [2] young lady [3] miss | 2412 |
| お祖母さん | おばあさん | [1] grandmother [2] old woman; female senior citizen | 877 |
| 伯母さん | おばさん | aunt | N/A |
| お風呂 | おふろ | bath | N/A |
| お弁当 | おべんとう | bento; Japanese box lunch | N/A |
| 覚える | おぼえる | [1] to memorize; to memorise; to commit to memory; to learn by heart; to bear in mind; to remember [2] to learn; to pick up; to acquire [3] to feel | 358 |
| お巡りさん | おまわりさん | police officer | N/A |
| 重い | おもい | [1] heavy; weighty [2] heavy (feeling); depressed; gloomy; blue; uneasy [3] slow; sluggish; lumbering; ponderous; clumsy | 1154 |
| 面白い | おもしろい | [1] interesting; fascinating; intriguing; enthralling [2] amusing; funny; comical [3] enjoyable; fun; entertaining; pleasant; agreeable | 383 |
| 泳ぐ | およぐ | [1] to swim [2] to struggle through (a crowd) [3] to make one's way through the world; to get along (in life) | 1989 |
| 下りる | おりる | [1] to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to come down [2] to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to disembark; to dismount [3] to step down; to retire; to give up; to quit; to fold | 759 |
| 降りる | おりる | [1] to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to come down [2] to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to disembark; to dismount [3] to step down; to retire; to give up; to quit; to fold | N/A |
| 終わる | おわる | [1] to end; to come to an end; to finish; to close; to be over [2] to finish; to complete; to conclude [3] to finish doing | 200 |
| 音楽 | おんがく | music | 494 |
| 女 | おんな | [1] woman; female [2] female lover; girlfriend; mistress; (someone's) woman | 399 |
| 女の子 | おんなのこ | [1] girl; daughter; baby girl [2] young woman | 682 |
か行
[edit]| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 会社 | かいしゃ | [1] company; corporation; firm [2] one's workplace | 240 |
| 階段 | かいだん | stairs; stairway; staircase | 1627 |
| 買い物 | かいもの | shopping; purchased goods | 1236 |
| 買う | かう | [1] to buy; to purchase [2] to value (highly); to think highly of; to have a high opinion of; to appreciate; to recognize [3] to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers); to invite (e.g. scorn); to evoke; to arouse; to win (someone's favour) | 192 |
| 返す | かえす | [1] to return (something); to restore; to put back [2] to turn over; to turn upside down; to overturn [3] to pay back; to retaliate; to reciprocate | 1295 |
| 帰る | かえる | [1] to return; to come home; to go home; to go back [2] to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.) [3] to get home; to get to home plate | N/A |
| 掛かる | かかる | [10] to be fastened [11] to be covered (e.g. with dust, a table-cloth, etc.) [12] to be caught in | 212 |
| 鍵 | かぎ | [1] key [2] lock [3] key (to a problem, success, etc.); clue | 2031 |
| 書く | かく | [1] to write; to compose; to pen [2] to draw; to paint | 163 |
| 掛ける | かける | [10] to secure (e.g. lock) [11] to take a seat; to sit; to rest (something on something else); to support (something on something else) [12] to bind | 199 |
| 傘 | かさ | [1] umbrella; parasol [2] something shaped like an umbrella or a conical hat; shade (of a lamp); mushroom cap; pileus | 4276 |
| 貸す | かす | [1] to lend; to loan [2] to rent out; to hire out [3] to hand (over); to give | 2080 |
| 風 | かぜ | [1] wind; breeze; draught; draft [2] manner; behaviour; behavior [3] cold; influenza | 910 |
| 風邪 | かぜ | (common) cold; influenza; flu; ague; inflammatory respiratory system illness (in general) | 1993 |
| 家族 | かぞく | family | 347 |
| 方 | かた | [1] direction; way [2] person; lady; gentleman [3] method of; manner of; way of | 159 |
| カップ | cup (drinking vessel, measure, brassiere, prize, etc.) | 4425 | |
| 家庭 | かてい | home; household; family; hearth | 805 |
| 角 | かど | [1] corner; edge [2] (street) corner; turning [3] rough edges (of one's character, words, etc.); abrasiveness; harshness; sharpness | 4015 |
| 鞄 | かばん | bag; satchel; briefcase; basket | 4284 |
| 花瓶 | かびん | (flower) vase | N/A |
| 紙 | かみ | paper | 1374 |
| カメラ | camera | 1755 | |
| 火曜日 | かようび | Tuesday | N/A |
| 辛い | からい | [1] spicy; hot [2] salty [3] harsh (criticism); severe (punishment); strict | N/A |
| 体 | からだ | [1] body [2] torso; trunk [3] build; physique; frame; figure | 286 |
| 借りる | かりる | [1] to borrow [2] to rent; to hire [3] to make use of (another's help, wisdom, etc.); to obtain; to receive | 932 |
| 軽い | かるい | [1] light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily) [2] light (i.e. of foot); effortless; nimble; agile [3] non-serious; minor; unimportant; trivial | 806 |
| カレンダー | [1] calendar [2] calender (machine for flattening things) | N/A | |
| カレー | [1] curry (esp. Japanese curry) [2] rice and curry | 2469 | |
| 川 | かわ | [1] river; stream [2] River; the ... river [3] Gawa | 784 |
| 可愛い | かわいい | [1] cute; adorable; charming; lovely; pretty [2] dear; precious; darling; pet [3] innocent; childlike; childish; lovable | 691 |
| 漢字 | かんじ | kanji; Chinese character | 2423 |
| 外国 | がいこく | foreign country | 1137 |
| 外国人 | がいこくじん | foreigner; foreign citizen; foreign national; alien; non-Japanese | 2063 |
| 学生 | がくせい | student (esp. a university student) | 909 |
| 学校 | がっこう | [1] school [2] Gakkou | 295 |
| 木 | き | [1] tree; shrub; bush [2] wood; timber [3] wooden clappers (signalling the beginning or end of a performance) | 410 |
| 黄色 | きいろ | yellow; amber | 3257 |
| 黄色い | きいろい | [1] yellow [2] high-pitched (voice); shrill | 3575 |
| 消える | きえる | [1] to disappear; to vanish; to go out of sight; to go away; to become lost [2] to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to turn off (e.g. of a TV screen) [3] to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope) | 1014 |
| 聞く | きく | [1] to hear [2] to listen (e.g. to music) [3] to ask; to enquire; to query | 112 |
| 聴く | きく | [1] to hear [2] to listen (e.g. to music) [3] to ask; to enquire; to query | 112 |
| 北 | きた | [1] north [2] the North; northern territories [3] North Korea | 1594 |
| 汚い | きたない | [1] dirty; filthy; foul; unclean [2] disordered; messy; untidy; poor (e.g. handwriting) [3] indecent (language, etc.); dirty; vulgar; coarse | 1826 |
| 喫茶店 | きっさてん | coffee shop; tearoom; coffee lounge; coffeehouse; cafe | 2995 |
| 切手 | きって | stamp (postage); merchandise certificate | N/A |
| 切符 | きっぷ | ticket | 4162 |
| 昨日 | きのう | yesterday | 758 |
| 今日 | きょう | [1] today; this day [2] these days; recently; nowadays | 1764 |
| 教室 | きょうしつ | [1] classroom; lecture room [2] department (in a university) [3] class; lessons; course | 1700 |
| 兄弟 | きょうだい | [1] siblings; brothers and sisters [2] brothers [3] siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; sisters-in-law | 1750 |
| 去年 | きょねん | last year | 1078 |
| 嫌い | きらい | [1] disliked; hated; disagreeable [2] tendency; smack (of); touch (of) [3] distinction; discrimination | 1362 |
| 切る | きる | [10] to shake off (water, etc.); to let drip-dry; to let drain [11] to cross; to traverse [12] to criticize sharply | 428 |
| 着る | きる | [1] to wear (from the shoulders down); to put on [2] to take (the blame, responsibility); to bear | 648 |
| 綺麗 | きれい | [1] pretty; lovely; beautiful; fair [2] clean; clear; pure; tidy; neat [3] completely; entirely | 341 |
| キロ | [1] kilo-; 1000 [2] kilogram; kilogramme [3] kilometre; kilometer | N/A | |
| 瓩 | キログラム | kilogram; kilogramme | N/A |
| 粁 | キロメートル | kilometer; kilometre | N/A |
| 金曜日 | きんようび | Friday | 4187 |
| ギター | guitar | 1987 | |
| 牛肉 | ぎゅうにく | beef | 4847 |
| 牛乳 | ぎゅうにゅう | (cow's) milk | 1977 |
| 銀行 | ぎんこう | bank; banking institution | 1082 |
| 薬 | くすり | [1] medicine; pharmaceuticals; (legal) drugs; pill; ointment; salve [2] efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.) [3] (pottery) glaze | 1017 |
| 下さい | ください | [1] please (give me) [2] please (do for me) | N/A |
| 果物 | くだもの | fruit | 2786 |
| 口 | くち | [10] kind; sort; type [11] opening (i.e. beginning) [12] counter for mouthfuls, shares (of money), stove burners, and swords | 442 |
| 靴 | くつ | shoe; shoes; boots; footwear; footgear | 1933 |
| 靴下 | くつした | socks; sock; stockings; stocking | N/A |
| 国 | くに | [1] country; state [2] region [3] national government; central government | 224 |
| 曇り | くもり | [1] cloudiness; cloudy weather [2] fog (on a mirror, glasses, etc.); cloud (e.g. in marble); blur; mist; shadow; dimness [3] gloom; dejection | N/A |
| 曇る | くもる | [1] to get cloudy; to cloud over; to become overcast [2] to cloud up; to fog up; to mist up; to become dim [3] to be gloomy; to be clouded (expression); to be downcast | N/A |
| 暗い | くらい | [1] dark; gloomy; murky [2] depressed; dispirited; down in the dumps; dark (mood) [3] dark (in colour); dull | 1145 |
| クラス | [1] class [2] Kras (Slovenia); Crass | 1262 | |
| 来る | くる | [1] to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive [2] to come back; to do ... and come back [3] to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue | 64 |
| 車 | くるま | [1] car; automobile; vehicle [2] wheel; castor; caster | 283 |
| 黒 | くろ | [1] black [2] black stone [3] guilt; guilty person | 1410 |
| 黒い | くろい | [1] black [2] dark; blackish; sun-tanned (skin) [3] suspicious; criminal; illicit | 1352 |
| 瓦 | グラム | gram; gramme | N/A |
| 警官 | けいかん | police officer; policeman; constable | N/A |
| 今朝 | けさ | this morning | 2834 |
| 消す | けす | [1] to erase; to rub out; to rub off; to cross out; to delete [2] to turn off (a light, TV, heater, etc.); to switch off [3] to extinguish (a fire, candle, etc.); to put out | 1794 |
| 結構 | けっこう | [1] splendid; nice; wonderful; delightful; lovely; excellent; fine [2] sufficient; satisfactory; enough; fine; all right; OK [3] not needing (any more of something); (already) having enough; fine (as in "I'm fine"); no, thank you | 166 |
| 結婚 | けっこん | marriage | 489 |
| 月曜日 | げつようび | Monday | 4476 |
| 玄関 | げんかん | entrance; front door; entryway; entranceway; entry hall; vestibule; porch; foyer; mud room | 1950 |
| 元気 | げんき | [1] lively; full of spirit; energetic; vigorous; vital; spirited [2] healthy; well; fit; in good health | 736 |
| 公園 | こうえん | (public) park | 1011 |
| 交差点 | こうさてん | crossing; intersection | N/A |
| 紅茶 | こうちゃ | black tea | 2598 |
| 交番 | こうばん | [1] police box; koban; small neighborhood police station [2] alternation [3] alternating (current, stress, etc.) | N/A |
| 声 | こえ | [1] voice [2] singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); hoot [3] voice; opinion (as expressed in words); view; wish; attitude; will | 279 |
| 此処 | ここ | [1] here; this place [2] this point; here; now [3] these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ... | N/A |
| ９日 | ここのか | [1] 9th day of the month [2] nine days [3] Kokonoka | 2960 |
| 九つ | ここのつ | [1] nine [2] nine years of age [3] twelve o'clock (old time system) | N/A |
| 答える | こたえる | to answer; to reply | 555 |
| 此方 | こちら | [1] this way; this direction [2] here [3] this (one) | 1969 |
| 洋杯 | コップ | [1] glass (drinking vessel); tumbler [2] cups (suit) | N/A |
| 今年 | ことし | this year | 515 |
| 言葉 | ことば | [1] language; dialect [2] word; phrase; expression; term [3] speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language | 188 |
| 子供 | こども | child; children | 128 |
| 此の | この | [1] this [2] last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this [3] you (as in "you liar") | 46 |
| コピー | [1] copy; photocopy [2] book jacket blurb [3] (advertising) slogan | 2212 | |
| 困る | こまる | [1] to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be in a fix; to be at a loss; to be stumped; to be embarrassed [2] to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be annoyed [3] to be badly off; to be hard up; to be in straitened circumstances | 569 |
| 此れ | これ | [1] this; this one [2] this person [3] now; this point (in time) | 51 |
| 今月 | こんげつ | this month | 3487 |
| 今週 | こんしゅう | this week | 4464 |
| こんな | this sort of; this kind of; like this; such | 218 | |
| 今日 | こんにち | [1] today; this day [2] these days; recently; nowadays | 263 |
| 今晩 | こんばん | tonight; this evening | N/A |
| コート | [1] coat [2] coating | 3171 | |
| 珈琲 | コーヒー | coffee | 1641 |
| 五 | ご | five; 5 | 436 |
| 午後 | ごご | afternoon; p.m. | 564 |
| 午前 | ごぜん | morning; a.m. | 879 |
| ご飯 | ごはん | [1] cooked rice [2] meal | 919 |
さ行
[edit]| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| さあ | [1] come (on); come now; come along; here [2] all right; right; okay; now; here goes [3] well; hmm; uh; let's see; I'm not sure | 1573 | |
| 財布 | さいふ | wallet; purse; coin purse; billfold; pocketbook | 3890 |
| 魚 | さかな | fish | 660 |
| 先 | さき | [1] point; tip; end; nozzle [2] head (of a line); front [3] first; before; ahead (of) | 298 |
| 咲く | さく | [1] to bloom; to flower; to blossom; to open [2] to rise up (of breaking waves) | 1386 |
| 作文 | さくぶん | [1] writing (an essay, prose, etc.); composition [2] formal writing with little real meaning | N/A |
| 差す | さす | [10] to insert one's arm under an opponent's arm [11] to pole (a boat) [12] to pour; to add (liquid); to serve (drinks) | 825 |
| 砂糖 | さとう | sugar | 1510 |
| 寒い | さむい | [1] cold (e.g. weather) [2] uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull; weak; corny | 943 |
| 再来年 | さらいねん | year after next | N/A |
| 三 | さん | three; 3 | 207 |
| 散歩 | さんぽ | walk; stroll | 1350 |
| 雑誌 | ざっし | magazine; journal; periodical | 838 |
| 四 | し | four; 4 | 319 |
| 塩 | しお | [1] salt; common salt; table salt; sodium chloride [2] hardship; toil; trouble [3] saltiness | 1241 |
| 然し | しかし | however; but | 162 |
| 仕事 | しごと | [1] work; job; labor; labour; business; task; assignment; occupation; employment [2] work | 152 |
| 静か | しずか | [1] quiet; silent [2] slow; unhurried [3] calm; peaceful | 1139 |
| 下 | した | [1] below; down; under; younger (e.g. daughter) [2] bottom [3] beneath; underneath | 387 |
| 七 | しち | seven | 796 |
| 質問 | しつもん | question; inquiry; enquiry | 506 |
| 死ぬ | しぬ | [1] to die; to pass away [2] to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to look dead [3] to cease; to stop | 402 |
| 閉まる | しまる | [1] to be shut; to close; to be closed [2] to be firm (of a body, face, etc.); to be well-knit [3] to be locked | N/A |
| 締める | しめる | [1] to tie; to fasten; to tighten [2] to wear (necktie, belt); to put on [3] to total; to sum | 1673 |
| 閉める | しめる | to close; to shut | N/A |
| 写真 | しゃしん | [1] photograph; photo; picture; photography [2] moving picture; movie | 431 |
| シャツ | [1] shirt (undergarment); undershirt; singlet [2] shirt (outerwear; usu. with collar and buttons) | 3837 | |
| シャワー | shower | 3446 | |
| 宿題 | しゅくだい | [1] homework; assignment [2] pending issue; unresolved problem; open question | 4120 |
| 醤油 | しょうゆ | soy sauce; soya sauce; shoyu | 3058 |
| 食堂 | しょくどう | [1] dining room; dining hall; cafeteria; canteen; messroom [2] restaurant; eatery; snack bar; diner | 3981 |
| 知る | しる | [1] to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover [2] to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize [3] to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate | 134 |
| 白 | しろ | [1] white [2] innocence; innocent person [3] blank space | 1456 |
| 白い | しろい | white | 783 |
| 新聞 | しんぶん | newspaper | 643 |
| 時間 | じかん | [1] time [2] hour [3] period; class; lesson | 183 |
| 辞書 | じしょ | [1] dictionary; lexicon [2] letter of resignation | 3697 |
| 自転車 | じてんしゃ | bicycle; bike | 782 |
| 自動車 | じどうしゃ | car; automobile; motorcar; motor vehicle; auto | 1753 |
| 字引 | じびき | dictionary | N/A |
| 自分 | じぶん | [1] myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself [2] I; me [3] you | 72 |
| じゃあ | then; well; so; well then | 352 | |
| 十 | じゅう | [1] ten; 10 [2] ten years of age [3] book containing a collection of poems | 1094 |
| 授業 | じゅぎょう | lesson; class; teaching; instruction; classwork; schoolwork | 812 |
| 上手 | じょうず | [1] skillful; skilled; proficient; good (at); adept; clever [2] flattery | 1659 |
| 丈夫 | じょうぶ | healthy; robust; strong; solid; durable | 3469 |
| 水曜日 | すいようび | Wednesday | N/A |
| 吸う | すう | [1] to smoke; to breathe in; to inhale [2] to suck; to sip; to slurp [3] to absorb; to soak up | 1053 |
| スカート | skirt | 4027 | |
| 好き | すき | [1] liking; being fond of; to one's liking; to one's taste; preferred; favourite [2] liking (romantically); being in love with; beloved [3] faddism; eccentricity | 196 |
| 少ない | すくない | few; little; small (amount); low; scarce; insufficient; seldom; rare | 355 |
| 直ぐに | すぐに | immediately; right away; at once; instantly | N/A |
| 少し | すこし | [1] a little; a bit; a small amount; a few; some; slightly; somewhat [2] a little while; a short time; a moment; a minute [3] a little way; a short distance | 190 |
| 涼しい | すずしい | [1] cool; refreshing [2] clear (e.g. eyes); bright [3] clear; distinct | 4515 |
| ストーブ | (room) heater; stove | N/A | |
| スプーン | spoon | N/A | |
| スポーツ | sport; sports | 1044 | |
| 住む | すむ | to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide | 214 |
| スリッパ | slipper; slippers | N/A | |
| 為る | する | [10] to pass (of time); to elapse [11] to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B [12] to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B | N/A |
| 座る | すわる | [1] to sit; to squat [2] to assume (a position) [3] to hold steady; to hold still | 713 |
| 洋袴 | ズボン | trousers; pants | 4702 |
| 背 | せ | [1] back [2] reverse; rear side; back (e.g. of a chair); spine (of a book) [3] height; stature | 1766 |
| 生徒 | せいと | pupil; student; schoolchild | 980 |
| 石鹸 | せっけん | soap | N/A |
| 背広 | せびろ | business suit | N/A |
| 狭い | せまい | [1] narrow; confined; small; cramped [2] limited; narrow-minded; confining | 1101 |
| 千 | せん | thousand; 1,000 | N/A |
| 先月 | せんげつ | last month | N/A |
| 先週 | せんしゅう | last week; the week before | 4440 |
| 先生 | せんせい | [1] teacher; instructor; master [2] sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc. [3] intimate or teasing form of address | 243 |
| 洗濯 | せんたく | [1] washing; laundry [2] relaxation; rejuvenation; melting away (of worries, fatigue, etc.) | 3630 |
| セーター | sweater; jumper | N/A | |
| 全部 | ぜんぶ | all; entire; whole; altogether | 338 |
| 然うして | そうして | and; like that | N/A |
| 掃除 | そうじ | cleaning; sweeping; dusting; scrubbing | 1876 |
| 其処 | そこ | [1] there (place relatively near listener) [2] there (place just mentioned); that place [3] then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised) | 103 |
| 而して | そして | and; and then; thus; and now; and finally | 113 |
| 其方 | そちら | [1] that way; that direction [2] there [3] that (one) | 893 |
| 外 | そと | [1] outside; exterior [2] the open (air) [3] other place; somewhere else; outside one's group (family, company, etc.) | 496 |
| 其の | その | [1] that; the [2] part (as in "part two") [3] um ...; er ...; uh ... | 65 |
| 側 | そば | [1] near; close; beside; vicinity; proximity; besides; while [2] third person | 956 |
| 空 | そら | [1] sky; the air; the heavens [2] weather [3] far-off place; distant place | 1006 |
| 其れ | それ | [1] that; it [2] then; that point (in time); that time [3] there | 44 |
| それから | and then; after that | 136 | |
| それでは | [1] well, ...; right, ...; now, ... [2] so; then [3] that way (would mean ...); if that is the case; in that case | 1166 |
た行
[edit]| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 大使館 | たいしかん | embassy | N/A |
| 大切 | たいせつ | [1] important; significant; serious; crucial [2] precious; valuable; dear; cherished; beloved [3] careful | 426 |
| 大変 | たいへん | [1] very; greatly; terribly; awfully [2] immense; enormous; great [3] serious; grave; dreadful; terrible | 238 |
| 高い | たかい | [1] high; tall [2] expensive; high-priced [3] high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.) | 228 |
| 沢山 | たくさん | [1] a lot; lots; plenty; many; a large number; much; a great deal; a good deal [2] enough; sufficient [3] enough; too many; too much | 257 |
| タクシー | taxi | 1997 | |
| 立つ | たつ | [10] to take action; to act; to rise (up); to rouse oneself [11] to have an erection; to become erect (e.g. of nipples) [12] to be established (of a policy, plan, objective, etc.); to be formed | 342 |
| 縦 | たて | [1] the vertical; height [2] front-to-back; length [3] north-to-south | 3377 |
| 建物 | たてもの | building | 842 |
| 楽しい | たのしい | enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful | 277 |
| 頼む | たのむ | [1] to request; to beg; to ask [2] to call; to order; to reserve [3] to entrust to | 888 |
| 煙草 | タバコ | [1] tobacco; cigarette; cigar [2] tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum) [3] Tabaco | 870 |
| 多分 | たぶん | [1] probably; likely; perhaps; maybe [2] a lot of; much; many; considerable; large (amount); generous | 320 |
| 食べ物 | たべもの | food | 931 |
| 食べる | たべる | [1] to eat [2] to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on | 160 |
| 卵 | たまご | [1] eggs; egg; spawn; roe [2] (hen's) egg [3] a ... in the making; future (lawyer, doctor, etc.); budding ... | 1369 |
| 誕生日 | たんじょうび | birthday | 3018 |
| 大学 | だいがく | [1] university; college [2] former imperial university of Japan (established under the ritsuryō system for the training of government administrators) [3] the Great Learning (one of the Four Books) | 375 |
| 大丈夫 | だいじょうぶ | [1] safe; secure; sound; problem-free; without fear; all right; alright; OK; okay [2] certainly; surely; undoubtedly [3] no thanks; I'm good; that's alright | 626 |
| 大好き | だいすき | liking very much; loving (something or someone); adoring; being very fond of | 885 |
| 台所 | だいどころ | [1] kitchen [2] financial situation; finances | 2970 |
| 出す | だす | [1] to take out; to get out [2] to put out; to reveal; to show [3] to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in | 178 |
| 誰 | だれ | who | 217 |
| 誰か | だれか | someone; somebody | N/A |
| 段々 | だんだん | [1] gradually; by degrees; little by little; more and more; increasingly [2] steps; stairs; staircase; terrace | 433 |
| 小さい | ちいさい | [1] small; little; tiny [2] slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); minor; small [3] low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice) | 314 |
| 小さな | ちいさな | small; little; tiny | 481 |
| 近い | ちかい | [1] near; close; short (distance) [2] close (in time); soon [3] close (relationship); friendly; intimate | 488 |
| 近く | ちかく | [1] near; neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity [2] nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to [3] shortly; soon | 420 |
| 地下鉄 | ちかてつ | subway; metro; underground (railway) | 2658 |
| 違う | ちがう | [1] to differ (from); to be different; to be distinct; to be unlike; to vary; to disagree (with) [2] to be wrong; to be incorrect; to be mistaken [3] to become abnormal; to go wrong | 186 |
| 地図 | ちず | map; atlas; chart; plan | 2138 |
| 茶色 | ちゃいろ | brown; light brown; tawny | N/A |
| 茶碗 | ちゃわん | rice bowl; tea cup; teacup | N/A |
| 丁度 | ちょうど | [1] exactly; precisely; just; right; opportunely; fortunately [2] just (like); as if; as though | 373 |
| 一寸 | ちょっと | [1] a little; a bit; slightly [2] just a minute; for a moment; briefly [3] somewhat; rather; fairly; pretty; quite | 85 |
| １日 | ついたち | [1] first day of the month [2] Tsuitachi | 1161 |
| 使う | つかう | [1] to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use [2] to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate [3] to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume | 119 |
| 疲れる | つかれる | [1] to get tired; to tire; to get fatigued; to become exhausted; to grow weary [2] to become worn out (of a well-used object) [3] to starve | 1063 |
| 次 | つぎ | [1] next; following; subsequent [2] stage; station | 165 |
| 着く | つく | [1] to arrive at; to reach [2] to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table) | 680 |
| 机 | つくえ | desk | 2201 |
| 作る | つくる | [10] to fabricate (an excuse, etc.) [11] to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion [12] to form (a line, etc.) | 110 |
| 付ける | つける | [10] to load; to give (courage to) [11] to keep (an eye on) [12] to establish (relations or understanding) | 204 |
| 勤める | つとめる | [1] to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (in) [2] to serve (as); to act (as); to fill (the position of); to play the role (of) [3] to conduct a religious service | 1052 |
| 詰らない | つまらない | [1] dull; uninteresting; boring; tedious [2] insignificant; unimportant; trifling; trivial; worthless [3] absurd; foolish; silly; stupid | N/A |
| 冷たい | つめたい | [1] cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; freezing [2] (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling; indifferent; unfriendly; distant | 1546 |
| 強い | つよい | [1] strong; potent; competent; domineering; tough [2] strong; brawny; powerful; healthy; rugged [3] good (at); skilled; knowledgeable | 288 |
| 手 | て | [10] ability to cope [11] hand (of cards) [12] direction | 194 |
| 手紙 | てがみ | letter; note | 797 |
| テスト | [1] test (of ability, knowledge, etc.); exam; examination; quiz [2] test (of performance, quality, etc.); trial [3] rehearsal | 2224 | |
| テレビ | [1] television; TV [2] TV program; TV programme; TV broadcast | 408 | |
| 天気 | てんき | [1] weather [2] fair weather; fine weather | 2160 |
| テーブル | table | 1733 | |
| テープ | tape | 2702 | |
| テープレコーダー | tape recorder | N/A | |
| 出かける | でかける | [1] to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to start; to set out [2] to be about to leave; to be just going out | 798 |
| 出来る | できる | [10] to get pregnant [1] to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do) [2] to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable | 80 |
| 出口 | でぐち | [1] exit; way out [2] outlet; vent | N/A |
| では | [1] then; well; so; well then [2] bye then [3] at; in; by; with; using | 769 | |
| デパート | [1] department store [2] department | 2137 | |
| でも | [1] but; however; though; nevertheless; still; yet; even so; also; as well [2] even [3] however; no matter how; even if; even though | 140 | |
| 出る | でる | [10] to exceed; to go over [11] to stick out; to protrude [12] to break out; to occur; to start; to originate | 99 |
| 電気 | でんき | [1] electricity [2] (electric) light | 1898 |
| 電車 | でんしゃ | train; electric train | 676 |
| 電話 | でんわ | [1] telephone call; phone call [2] telephone (device); phone | 324 |
| 戸 | と | [1] door (esp. Japanese-style) [2] shutter; window shutter [3] entrance (to a home) | N/A |
| トイレ | [1] toilet; restroom; bathroom; lavatory [2] going to the toilet; relieving oneself | 1219 | |
| 遠い | とおい | [1] far; distant; far away; a long way off; in the distance [2] distant (past); remote (in time); remote; far-removed (in time) [3] distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone) | 1167 |
| １０日 | とおか | [1] 10th day of the month [2] ten days [3] Tooka | 2008 |
| 時々 | ときどき | [1] sometimes; occasionally; at times; from time to time; now and then; once in a while; at intervals [2] seasonal; of the season; appropriate (for the season or occasion) | 1109 |
| 時計 | とけい | clock; watch; timepiece | 2452 |
| 所 | ところ | [10] about to; on the verge of [11] was just doing; was in the process of doing; have just done; just finished doing [12] approximately; around; about | 71 |
| 年 | とし | [1] year [2] age; years [3] past one's prime; old age | 470 |
| 図書館 | としょかん | library | 1932 |
| 迚も | とても | [1] very; awfully; exceedingly [2] (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot) | 142 |
| 隣 | となり | [1] next (to); adjoining; adjacent [2] house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour; next-door neighbor | 786 |
| 飛ぶ | とぶ | [10] to be missing (of a page, stitch, etc.); to skip; to jump (e.g. of a conversation) [1] to fly; to soar [2] to jump; to leap; to spring; to bound; to hop | 836 |
| 止まる | とまる | [1] to stop (moving); to come to a stop [2] to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to cease; to be stopped; to be suspended [3] to alight; to perch on | 846 |
| 友達 | ともだち | friend; companion | 219 |
| 鳥 | とり | [1] bird [2] bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry | 1209 |
| 取る | とる | [10] to secure; to reserve; to save; to put aside; to keep [11] to take (e.g. a joke); to interpret; to understand; to make out; to grasp [12] to record; to take down | 132 |
| 撮る | とる | [1] to take (a photograph) [2] to record (audio or video); to film; to shoot | N/A |
| ドア | door | 1150 | |
| 如何 | どう | how; in what way; how about | N/A |
| 如何して | どうして | [1] how; in what way; by what means [2] why; for what reason; for what purpose; what for [3] cannot possibly | 637 |
| どうぞ | [1] please; kindly; pray; I beg (of you) [2] by all means; certainly; of course; (go) ahead; (feel) free (to); (you are) welcome (to); please (help yourself to) [3] here you are | 1793 | |
| 動物 | どうぶつ | animal | 709 |
| どうも | [1] thank you; thanks [2] much (thanks); very (sorry); quite (regret) [3] quite; really; mostly | N/A | |
| 何処 | どこ | [1] where; what place [2] how much (long, far); what extent | 181 |
| 何方 | どちら | [1] which way; which direction; where [2] which one (esp. of two alternatives) [3] who | 2543 |
| 何方 | どなた | who | 2854 |
| 何の | どの | which; what (way) | 328 |
| 土曜日 | どようび | Saturday | 2384 |
| 何れ | どれ | [1] which (of three or more) [2] well; now; c'mon | 663 |
な行
[edit]| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| ナイフ | knife | 1405 | |
| 中 | なか | [1] inside; interior [2] among; within [3] middle; center; centre | 78 |
| 長い | ながい | [1] long (distance, length) [2] long (time); protracted; prolonged | 325 |
| 鳴く | なく | [1] to make sound (of an animal); to call; to cry; to whine; to sing; to chirp [2] to make a meld call (e.g. pung, kong) | 3284 |
| 無くす | なくす | [1] to lose (something) [2] to get rid of; to eliminate; to remove; to eradicate; to abolish | 1807 |
| 何故 | なぜ | why; how; for what reason | 272 |
| 夏 | なつ | summer | 544 |
| 夏休み | なつやすみ | summer vacation; summer holiday | 2017 |
| 等 | など | [1] et cetera; etc.; and the like; and so forth [2] or something [3] the likes of | N/A |
| 七つ | ななつ | [1] seven [2] seven years of age [3] four o'clock (old time system) | N/A |
| 何 | なに | [1] what [2] you-know-what; that thing [3] whatsit; whachamacallit; what's-his-name; what's-her-name | 40 |
| ７日 | なのか | [1] 7th day of the month [2] seven days | 2703 |
| 名前 | なまえ | [1] name [2] given name; first name | 337 |
| 習う | ならう | to take lessons in; to be taught; to learn (from a teacher); to study (under a teacher); to get training in | 1245 |
| 並ぶ | ならぶ | [1] to line up; to stand in a line [2] to rival; to match; to equal | 863 |
| 並べる | ならべる | [1] to line up; to set up; to arrange in a line [2] to enumerate; to itemize [3] to be equal (to); to compare well (with); to be as good (as) | 1683 |
| 成る | なる | [10] to be promoted [11] to do ... [12] Naru | 28 |
| 二 | に | two; 2 | 148 |
| 賑やか | にぎやか | [1] bustling; busy; crowded; lively; prosperous; thriving [2] lively (party, voices, etc.); loud; noisy; merry; cheerful | 3769 |
| 肉 | にく | [1] flesh [2] meat [3] flesh (of a fruit); pulp | 1263 |
| 西 | にし | west | 2038 |
| ２０歳 | にじゅうさい | [1] 20 years old [2] twenty | 4888 |
| 日曜日 | にちようび | Sunday | 1748 |
| 荷物 | にもつ | [1] luggage; baggage; package [2] burden [3] payload (of a packet, cell, etc.) | 1312 |
| ニュース | news | 729 | |
| 庭 | にわ | [1] garden; yard; courtyard [2] field (of action); area | 1296 |
| 脱ぐ | ぬぐ | to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.); to undress | 3138 |
| 温い | ぬるい | [1] lukewarm; tepid [2] lenient | N/A |
| ネクタイ | tie; necktie | N/A | |
| 猫 | ねこ | [1] cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus) [2] shamisen [3] geisha | 603 |
| 寝る | ねる | [1] to sleep (lying down) [2] to go to bed; to lie in bed [3] to lie down | 438 |
| 上る | のぼる | [1] to ascend; to go up; to climb [2] to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise [3] to go to (the capital) | 607 |
| 飲み物 | のみもの | drink; beverage | 3851 |
| 飲む | のむ | [1] to drink; to swallow; to take (medicine) [2] to smoke (tobacco) [3] to swallow up; to engulf | 307 |
| 乗る | のる | [1] to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to board; to take; to embark [2] to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to jump on; to sit on; to mount [3] to reach; to go over; to pass | 232 |
| ノート | [1] notebook; copy-book; exercise book [2] note; noting down [3] (musical) note | 2781 |
は行
[edit]| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 歯 | は | [1] tooth; teeth [2] tooth (of a comb, saw, etc.); cog [3] support (of a geta) | 1503 |
| はい | [1] yes; that is correct [2] understood; I see; OK; okay [3] present; here | N/A | |
| 灰皿 | はいざら | ashtray | N/A |
| 入る | はいる | [10] to form (of a crack, fissure, etc.); to develop [11] to be put in (of effort, spirit, feeling, etc.); to be applied (e.g. of strength) [12] to be ready (of tea, coffee, etc.); to be made | 109 |
| 葉書 | はがき | [1] postcard [2] memo; note; card | 3262 |
| 箱 | はこ | [1] box; case; chest; package; pack; crate [2] car (of a train, etc.) [3] shamisen case; shamisen | 1981 |
| 橋 | はし | bridge | 2308 |
| 箸 | はし | chopsticks | 4324 |
| 走る | はしる | [1] to run [2] to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to travel; to move; to sail [3] to rush (to); to dash; to race | 429 |
| 始まる | はじまる | [1] to begin; to start; to commence [2] to happen (again); to begin (anew) [3] to date (from); to originate (in) | 401 |
| 始め | はじめ | [1] beginning; start; outset; opening [2] first (in line, etc.) [3] origin | 1372 |
| 初めて | はじめて | [1] for the first time [2] only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; not until ... do you ... [3] first time; (one's) first | 284 |
| ２０歳 | はたち | [1] 20 years old [2] twenty | 4926 |
| 働く | はたらく | [1] to work; to labor; to labour [2] to function; to operate; to be effective; to work (i.e. ... works); to come into play [3] to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate; to do; to act; to practise; to practice | 418 |
| 八 | はち | eight; 8 | 930 |
| ２０日 | はつか | [1] 20th day of the month [2] 20 days | 2365 |
| 花 | はな | [1] flower; blossom; bloom; petal [2] cherry blossom [3] beauty | 471 |
| 鼻 | はな | nose | 1635 |
| 話 | はなし | [1] talk; speech; chat; conversation [2] topic; subject [3] discussions; negotiation; argument | 116 |
| 話す | はなす | [1] to talk; to speak; to converse; to chat [2] to tell; to explain; to narrate; to mention; to describe; to discuss [3] to speak (a language) | 195 |
| 早い | はやい | [1] fast; quick; rapid; swift; speedy; brisk; prompt [2] early; soon; earlier than usual [3] premature; too soon; too early | 310 |
| 春 | はる | [1] spring; springtime [2] New Year [3] prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); heyday | 940 |
| 張る | はる | [10] to become one tile away from completion [11] to span; to generate [1] to stick; to paste; to affix | 918 |
| 晴れ | はれ | [1] clear weather; fine weather [2] formal; ceremonial; public [3] cleared of suspicion | N/A |
| 晴れる | はれる | [1] to clear up; to clear away; to be sunny; to stop raining [2] to refresh (e.g. spirits) [3] to be cleared (e.g. of a suspicion) | 2977 |
| 半 | はん | [1] half; semi-; partial [2] half-past [3] odd number | N/A |
| ハンカチ | handkerchief | N/A | |
| 半分 | はんぶん | half | 971 |
| バス | [1] bus [2] Bath (Britain); Basse; Buss | 818 | |
| バター | butter | 2499 | |
| 晩 | ばん | [1] evening; night [2] dinner; evening meal [3] counter for nights | 2570 |
| 番号 | ばんごう | number; series of digits | 3148 |
| 晩御飯 | ばんごはん | dinner; evening meal | N/A |
| パン | [1] bread; (sweet) pastry [2] staff of life; one's bread | 1261 | |
| パーティー | [1] party (social gathering) [2] party (group of people participating in an activity, esp. mountain climbing) [3] (political) party | 3407 | |
| 東 | ひがし | east | 2220 |
| 引く | ひく | [10] to subtract; to deduct [11] to recede; to ebb; to fade [12] to be descend from; to inherit (a characteristic) | 576 |
| 弾く | ひく | to play (a stringed or keyboard instrument) | 1425 |
| 低い | ひくい | [1] low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.) [2] low (position); close to the ground [3] short (height) | 733 |
| 飛行機 | ひこうき | airplane; aeroplane; plane; aircraft | 876 |
| 左 | ひだり | [1] left; left-hand side [2] left hand [3] the left (wing); leftist | 1230 |
| 人 | ひと | [1] person; someone; somebody [2] human beings; mankind; man; people; humans [3] human (Homo sapiens) | 58 |
| 一つ | ひとつ | [1] one [2] for one thing [3] only | 127 |
| 一月 | ひとつき | one month | 858 |
| 一人 | ひとり | [1] one person [2] being alone; being by oneself [3] being single; being unmarried | 179 |
| 暇 | ひま | [1] spare time; free time; leisure [2] time (it takes to do something); time required [3] time off; leave; vacation; holiday | 1487 |
| 百 | ひゃく | [1] hundred; 100 [2] Hyaku | 2798 |
| 昼 | ひる | [1] noon; midday [2] daytime [3] lunch | 1305 |
| 昼ご飯 | ひるごはん | lunch; midday meal | N/A |
| 広い | ひろい | spacious; vast; wide | 602 |
| 病院 | びょういん | hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary | 469 |
| 病気 | びょうき | [1] illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; sickness [2] bad habit; bad behaviour; weakness; failing [3] crazy; insane; disturbed; sick in the head | 559 |
| フィルム | film | 4341 | |
| 封筒 | ふうとう | envelope | N/A |
| フォーク | [1] fork [2] forkball | N/A | |
| 服 | ふく | [1] clothes (esp. Western clothes); clothing; dress; costume; suit; outfit [2] counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, puffs of a cigarette, etc. | 1370 |
| 吹く | ふく | [1] to blow (of the wind) [2] to blow (one's breath); to breathe out; to blow on (hot tea, candles, etc.); to puff [3] to play (a wind instrument); to blow (a whistle, trumpet, etc.); to whistle (a tune) | 1763 |
| 二つ | ふたつ | two | 434 |
| 二人 | ふたり | two persons; two people; pair; couple | 245 |
| ２日 | ふつか | [1] 2nd day of the month [2] two days [3] Futsuka | 1523 |
| 太い | ふとい | [1] fat; thick [2] deep (of a voice); thick; sonorous [3] daring; shameless; brazen; audacious | 2557 |
| 冬 | ふゆ | winter | 790 |
| 降る | ふる | [1] to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down [2] to form (of frost) [3] to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in | 1112 |
| 古い | ふるい | [1] old; aged; ancient; antiquated; antique; timeworn [2] long; since long ago; time-honored [3] of the distant past; long-ago | 720 |
| 風呂 | ふろ | [1] bath; bathing; bathtub; bathroom [2] bathhouse; public bath [3] room for drying lacquerware | 1430 |
| 豚肉 | ぶたにく | pork | 4736 |
| 文章 | ぶんしょう | [1] writing; composition; essay; article; passage; prose; (writing) style [2] sentence | 1274 |
| プール | [1] (swimming) pool [2] pool (cue sport) [3] pooling (money, resources, etc.) | 2618 | |
| 下手 | へた | [1] unskillful; poor; awkward [2] imprudent; untactful | 2033 |
| 部屋 | へや | [1] room; chamber [2] apartment; flat; pad [3] stable | 372 |
| 辺 | へん | [1] area; vicinity; region [2] side; edge [3] circumstances | 577 |
| ベッド | bed | 1504 | |
| 勉強 | べんきょう | [1] study [2] diligence; working hard [3] experience; lesson (for the future) | 385 |
| 便利 | べんり | convenient; handy; useful | 763 |
| ペット | [1] pet [2] trumpet | 2100 | |
| ＰＥＴ (ＰＥＴ) | ペット | [1] polyethylene terephthalate; PET [2] positron emission tomography; PET | N/A |
| ペン | pen | N/A | |
| 頁 | ページ | [1] page [2] nth page; page ... | 2197 |
| 他 | ほか | [1] another place; some other place; somewhere else; outside [2] another (person or thing); other; different; something else; someone else; the rest; et al. [3] beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.); outside | 173 |
| 欲しい | ほしい | [1] wanting (to have); desiring; wishing for [2] I want (you, them, etc.) to (do) | 642 |
| 細い | ほそい | [1] thin; slender; fine [2] unlucky | 1589 |
| ホテル | hotel | 617 | |
| 本 | ほん | [1] book; volume; script [2] this; present; current; ... in question; ... at issue [3] main; head; principal | 327 |
| 本棚 | ほんだな | bookshelves; bookshelf; bookcase | N/A |
| 本当 | ほんとう | [1] truth; reality; actuality; fact [2] proper; right; correct; official [3] genuine; authentic; real; natural; veritable | 97 |
| 帽子 | ぼうし | hat; cap | 3185 |
| 釦 | ボタン | [1] button (clothing) [2] push-button; button | 2250 |
| ボールペン | ball-point pen | N/A | |
| ポケット | 2979 | ||
| ポスト | [1] postbox; mailbox; mail box; pillar box [2] post; position [3] post (e.g. goalpost) | 4045 |
ま行
[edit]| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 毎朝 | まいあさ | every morning | 3908 |
| 毎週 | まいしゅう | every week | 2933 |
| 毎月 | まいつき | every month; each month; monthly | 2322 |
| 毎年 | まいとし | every year; yearly; annually | 1004 |
| 毎日 | まいにち | every day | 343 |
| 毎晩 | まいばん | every night | N/A |
| 前 | まえ | [10] criminal record; previous conviction; (a) prior [1] in front (of); before (e.g. a building) [2] before; earlier; previously; prior; ago; (minutes) to (the hour) | 123 |
| 不味い | まずい | [1] bad(-tasting); unpalatable; unsavoury; unsavory; awful; terrible; unpleasant [2] poor; unskillful; unskilful; bungling; clumsy [3] ugly; unattractive; homely; plain | 2122 |
| 又 | また | [1] again; once more; once again; another time; some other time [2] also; too; as well; likewise [3] on the other hand; while | 84 |
| 未だ | まだ | [1] still; as yet; only [2] (not) yet [3] more; (more) still | 1120 |
| 町 | まち | [1] town; block; neighbourhood; neighborhood [2] downtown; main street [3] street; road | 225 |
| 真っ直ぐ | まっすぐ | [1] straight (ahead); direct; upright; erect [2] straightforward; honest; frank | 2084 |
| マッチ | [1] match (contest) [2] matching (with); going well (with) | N/A | |
| 燐寸 | マッチ | match (for lighting a fire) | 4509 |
| 待つ | まつ | [1] to wait [2] to await; to look forward to; to anticipate [3] to depend on; to need | 430 |
| 窓 | まど | window | 1147 |
| 丸い | まるい | [1] round; circular; spherical [2] curved; smooth [3] harmonious; calm; peaceful; amiable; amicable | 2173 |
| 万 | まん | [1] 10,000; ten thousand [2] myriad [3] everything; all | N/A |
| 万年筆 | まんねんひつ | fountain pen | N/A |
| 磨く | みがく | [1] to polish; to shine; to burnish; to scour; to scrub; to brush (teeth); to grind (e.g. a lens) [2] to refine (a skill, etc.); to improve; to hone; to polish (up); to cultivate (one's character) | 3039 |
| 右 | みぎ | [1] right; right-hand side [2] right hand [3] the above (in a piece of vertical writing); above-mentioned | 1087 |
| 短い | みじかい | [1] short [2] brief | 1016 |
| 水 | みず | [1] water (esp. cool or cold) [2] fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid [3] flood; floodwaters | 273 |
| 店 | みせ | store; shop; establishment; restaurant | 321 |
| 見せる | みせる | [1] to show; to display [2] to make (something or someone) look ...; to present an appearance of ... [3] to make (something) worth watching; to be entertaining | 513 |
| 道 | みち | [1] road; path; street; lane; passage [2] route; way [3] distance; journey | 452 |
| ３日 | みっか | [1] 3rd day of the month [2] three days [3] Mikka | 1494 |
| 三つ | みっつ | [1] three [2] three years of age | 535 |
| 緑 | みどり | [1] green [2] greenery; verdure | 1099 |
| 皆さん | みなさん | all; everyone; everybody | 339 |
| 南 | みなみ | south | 1333 |
| 耳 | みみ | [1] ear [2] hearing [3] ear (for music, etc.) | 765 |
| 見る | みる | [1] to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe [2] to examine; to look over; to assess; to check; to judge [3] to look after; to attend to; to take care of; to keep an eye on | 67 |
| 皆 | みんな | [1] everyone; everybody; all [2] everything; all | 157 |
| ６日 | むいか | [1] 6th day of the month [2] six days [3] Muika | 2866 |
| 向こう | むこう | [1] opposite side; other side [2] over there; ahead; beyond; (in the) distance; far away; far off [3] destination; there (somewhere distant, esp. abroad) | 604 |
| 難しい | むずかしい | [1] difficult; hard; troublesome; complicated; serious (disease, problem, etc.) [2] impossible; unfeasible [3] fussy; particular; fastidious; hard to please; displeased | 457 |
| 六つ | むっつ | [1] six [2] six years of age [3] six o'clock (old time system) | 4887 |
| 村 | むら | village | 1318 |
| 目 | め | [10] spacing (between crossed strands of a net, mesh, etc.); opening; stitch; texture; weave [11] grain (of wood, paper) [12] eye (of a storm, needle, etc.) | 169 |
| 眼 | め | [10] spacing (between crossed strands of a net, mesh, etc.); opening; stitch; texture; weave [11] grain (of wood, paper) [12] eye (of a storm, needle, etc.) | 169 |
| メガネ | [1] glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles [2] judgment; judgement; discrimination; discernment; insight [3] four-eyes | 2721 | |
| 眼鏡 | めがね | [1] glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles [2] judgment; judgement; discrimination; discernment; insight [3] four-eyes | 2721 |
| 米 | メートル | [1] metre (unit of length); meter [2] meter; gauge | N/A |
| もう | [1] already; yet; by now; now; (not) any more; (not) any longer [2] soon; shortly; before long; presently [3] further; more; again; another; the other | 52 | |
| もう一度 | もういちど | once more; again | N/A |
| 木曜日 | もくようび | Thursday | N/A |
| もっと | (some) more; even more; longer; further | 299 | |
| 持つ | もつ | [1] to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry [2] to possess; to have; to own [3] to maintain; to keep | 98 |
| 物 | もの | [10] really; truly [1] thing; object; article; stuff; substance [2] one's things; possessions; property; belongings | 38 |
| 門 | もん | [1] gate [2] branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master [3] division; phylum | 2850 |
| 問題 | もんだい | [1] question (e.g. on a test); problem [2] problem (e.g. societal, political); question; issue; subject (e.g. of research); case; matter [3] question (i.e. doubt) | 167 |
や行
[edit]| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 八百屋 | やおや | [1] greengrocer; fruit and vegetable shop [2] jack of all trades | N/A |
| 野菜 | やさい | [1] vegetable [2] marijuana; cannabis | 1113 |
| 易しい | やさしい | easy; plain; simple | N/A |
| 安い | やすい | [1] cheap; inexpensive [2] calm; peaceful; quiet | 520 |
| 休み | やすみ | [1] rest; recess; respite [2] vacation; holiday; absence; suspension [3] dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting) | 1385 |
| 休む | やすむ | [1] to be absent; to take a day off [2] to rest; to have a break [3] to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep; to turn in; to retire | 1365 |
| 八つ | やっつ | [1] eight [2] eight years of age [3] two o'clock (old time system) | N/A |
| 山 | やま | [10] festival float (esp. one mounted with a decorative halberd) [11] deck (from which players draw cards); draw pile; stock [12] wall; wall tile | 459 |
| 夕方 | ゆうがた | early evening (usu. from 3pm to 6pm); dusk | 1459 |
| 夕飯 | ゆうはん | evening meal; dinner; supper | N/A |
| 郵便局 | ゆうびんきょく | post office | 3533 |
| 昨夜 | ゆうべ | last night; yesterday evening | 4014 |
| 有名 | ゆうめい | famous; well-known | 453 |
| 雪 | ゆき | snow; snowfall | 1092 |
| ゆっくり | [1] slowly; unhurriedly; without haste; leisurely; at one's leisure [2] easily (e.g. in time); well; sufficiently; amply; with time to spare [3] well (e.g. sleep); comfortably | 855 | |
| 良い | よい | [1] good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable [2] sufficient; enough; ready; prepared [3] profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial | 70 |
| ８日 | ようか | [1] 8th day of the month [2] eight days [3] Youka | 2778 |
| 洋服 | ようふく | Western-style clothes (cf. traditional Japanese clothes) | 2176 |
| 良く | よく | [1] nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully [2] frequently; often [3] I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ... | 126 |
| 横 | よこ | [1] horizontal (as opposed to vertical) [2] side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; breadth [3] side (of a box, etc.) | 899 |
| ４日 | よっか | [1] 4th day of the month [2] four days | 2237 |
| 四つ | よっつ | [1] four; 4 [2] four years of age [3] ten o'clock (in the old time system) | 1801 |
| 呼ぶ | よぶ | [1] to call out (to); to call; to invoke [2] to summon (a doctor, etc.) [3] to invite | 290 |
| 読む | よむ | [1] to read [2] to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant [3] to predict; to guess; to forecast; to read (someone's thoughts); to see (e.g. into someone's heart); to divine | 261 |
| より | [1] than [2] rather than; instead of; over; above [3] from; out of; since; at; on (and after) | 726 | |
| 夜 | よる | [1] evening; night [2] dinner | 332 |
| 弱い | よわい | weak; frail; delicate; tender; unskilled; weak (wine) | 1066 |
ら行
[edit]| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 来月 | らいげつ | next month | N/A |
| 来週 | らいしゅう | next week | 4993 |
| 来年 | らいねん | next year | 1967 |
| ラジオ | radio | 1674 | |
| ラジカセ | radio-cassette player | N/A | |
| 立派 | りっぱ | [1] splendid; fine; handsome; elegant; imposing; prominent; impressive [2] praiseworthy; creditable; worthy [3] legal; legitimate; lawful | 1417 |
| 留学生 | りゅうがくせい | overseas student; exchange student | N/A |
| 両親 | りょうしん | parents; both parents | 802 |
| 料理 | りょうり | [1] cooking; cookery; cuisine; food; dish [2] dealing with (skillfully); handling (well); managing | 634 |
| 旅行 | りょこう | travel; trip; journey; excursion; tour | 661 |
| 零 | れい | zero; nought | 1864 |
| 零 | れい | zero; nought | N/A |
| 冷蔵庫 | れいぞうこ | refrigerator; fridge | 2065 |
| レコード | [1] record (e.g. LP) [2] record (e.g. in sports) [3] record (data structure) | 3429 | |
| レストラン | restaurant (esp. Western-style) | 1746 | |
| 練習 | れんしゅう | practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout | 584 |
| 廊下 | ろうか | corridor; hallway; passageway | 2410 |
| 六 | ろく | six; 6 | 608 |
わ行
[edit]| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ｙシャツ | ワイシャツ | (formal) shirt; dress shirt; business shirt; button-up shirt | N/A |
| 若い | わかい | [1] young; youthful [2] immature; green [3] low (number); small | 397 |
| 分かる | わかる | [1] to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow [2] to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized; to be realised; to be found out [3] I know!; I think so too! | 105 |
| 忘れる | わすれる | to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article) | 441 |
| 私 | わたし | I; me | 42 |
| 渡す | わたす | [1] to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to traverse [2] to lay across; to build across [3] to hand over; to hand in; to pass; to give; to transfer | 1413 |
| 渡る | わたる | [1] to cross over; to go across [2] to extend; to cover; to range; to span | 1069 |
| 悪い | わるい | [1] bad; poor; undesirable [2] poor (quality); inferior; insufficient [3] evil; sinful | 230 |
ん行
[edit]There are no words in this section.