他

See also: 她, 祂, 牠, and ⿰男也

他	U+4ED6, 他 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4ED6

← 仕
[U+4ED5]

CJK Unified Ideographs

仗 →
[U+4ED7]

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

他 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人心木 (OPD), four-corner 2421₂, composition ⿰亻也)

Derived characters

咃, 𢫌, 𭰃, 𭩬, 𥅂, 𥿞, 𮕴, 𧦭(𬣢), 𫴞, 𦭟, 𮅅, 𤵩, 怹

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 92, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 370
Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 115, character 6
Unihan data for U+4ED6

Usage notes

Not to be confused with unrelated 也

Chinese

trad.		他
simp. ^#		他

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (也) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
他	*l̥ʰaːl
拖	l̥ʰaːl, l̥ʰaːls
駞	*l'aːl
池	l'aːl, l'al
灺	*ljalʔ
鍦	ɦljaːl, hljal, *hljals
虵	ɦljal, laːlʔ, *lal
也	*laːlʔ
忚	*hleːl
髢	*l'eːls
杝	l̥ʰalʔ, l'alʔ, *lal
肔	l̥ʰalʔ, lalʔ
馳	*l'al
阤	l'alʔ, hljalʔ
施	hljal, hljals
絁	*hljal
葹	*hljal
弛	*hljalʔ
箷	*lal
衪	lel, lalʔ
暆	*lel
迆	lal, lalʔ
酏	lal, lalʔ
匜	lal, lalʔ
迤	*lalʔ
扡	*lalʔ
崺	*lalʔ
貤	lals, ɦljels, *lels
地	*l'els

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰaːl) : semantic 亻 (“man”) + phonetic 也 (OC *laːlʔ).

Corrupted form of 佗 (OC *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːl), which is found in Zuozhuan.

Etymology

Etymology not clear (Schuessler, 2007). Perhaps cognate with 誃 (OC *l'al, *l̥ʰjalʔ, “to separate”).

The modern sense of "he, she, it" only emerged after the Han period in colloquial passages, and displaced classical 其 (OC *ɡɯ) and 之 (OC *tjɯ) in mandarin dialects. (Pulleyblank, 1995)

The phonological development from Middle Chinese was irregular. The expected reflex is tuō, which is sometimes used in literary contexts for the classical "other" sense, but in most Mandarin dialects it is read like tā.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): tā, tuō (ta¹, tuo¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄚ, ㄊㄨㄛ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ta¹

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): tǎ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): та (ta, II)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): taa¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ha¹
Gan (Wiktionary): ta¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): thâ

(Meixian, Guangdong): ta¹
Jin (Wiktionary): ta¹
Northern Min (KCR): tá
Eastern Min (BUC): tă
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): thaⁿ / tha / tho

(Teochew, Peng'im): ta¹
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹tha
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ta¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tā
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ta
  - Wade–Giles: tʻa¹
  - Yale: tā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ta
  - Palladius: та (ta)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tuō
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tuo
  - Wade–Giles: tʻo¹
  - Yale: twō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuo
  - Palladius: то (to)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ta¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ta
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa⁵⁵/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: tǎ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: та (ta, II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: taa¹
  - Yale: tā
  - Cantonese Pinyin: taa¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ta¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaː⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ha¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ha³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ta¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: ta^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ta¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰa²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ta¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰa⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ta¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰa¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tá
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: tă
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: thann
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tvaf
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰã³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰã⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tha
  - Tâi-lô: tha
  - Phofsit Daibuun: taf
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰa⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tho
  - Tâi-lô: tho
  - Phofsit Daibuun: toy
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɤ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰo³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tʰo⁴⁴/

Note:

thaⁿ/tha - vernacular;
tho - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ta¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tha
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa³³/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹tha
  - MiniDict: tha^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tha
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰa⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /tʰɑ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /tʰɑ³³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ta¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa̠³³/

Middle Chinese: tha

Rime
Character	他
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	託何切
Baxter	tha
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰa/
Li Rong	/tʰɑ/
Wang Li	/tʰɑ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuō
Expected Cantonese Reflex	to¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤaj/

(Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰaːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	他
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tā
Middle Chinese	‹ tha ›
Old Chinese	/l̥ˁaj/ (E dialect: l̥ˁ- > MC th-)
English	another
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	他
Reading #	1/1
No.	14765
Phonetic component	也
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	佗
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰaːl/
Notes	俗與佗通用

Definitions

他

(chiefly Mandarin, Jin, Xiang, dialectal Wu, originally gender-neutral; nowadays usually referring to males) he; him; she; her
他去了。 ― Tā qù le. ― He went away.

我認識他。／我认识他。 ― Wǒ rènshi tā. ― I know him.
- 萬物是藉著他造的；凡被造的，沒有一樣不是藉著他造的。 [MSC, trad.]
  万物是借着他造的；凡被造的，没有一样不是借着他造的。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 約翰福音 (John) 1:3
  Wànwù shì jièzhe tā zào de; fán bèi zào de, méiyǒu yī yàng bùshì jièzhe tā zào de. [Pinyin]
  All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.
- 他也不怕狼蟲，不懼虎豹，登上山頂上觀看。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  他也不怕狼虫，不惧虎豹，登上山顶上观看。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16^th century CE, translation from The Journey to the West (2012), by Anthony C. Yu
  Tā yě bù pà lángchóng, bù jù hǔbào, dēng shàng shāndǐng shàng guānkàn. [Pinyin]
  Since he was afraid neither of wolves and lizards nor of tigers and leopards, [he] went straight to the mountaintop to look around.
- 我這女學生名叫黛玉。他讀書，凡『敏』字，他皆念作『密』字；寫字，遇著『敏』字亦減一二筆。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  我这女学生名叫黛玉。他读书，凡『敏』字，他皆念作『密』字；写字，遇着『敏』字亦减一二笔。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18^th century CE
  Wǒ zhè nǚxuéshēng míng jiào Dàiyù. Tā dú shū, fán ‘mǐn’ zì, tā jiē niàn zuò ‘mì’ zì; xiě zì, yù zhù ‘mǐn’ zì yì jiǎn yī'èr bǐ. [Pinyin]
  My current girl-pupil – named Daiyu, whenever she reads, she pronounces every character mǐn (敏 "hasty") as mì (密 "honey"); whenever [she] writes, [she] lessens every character 敏's number of strokes by one or two.
A dummy pronoun. Compare object pronoun 之 (zhī)
睡他個昏天黑地／睡他个昏天黑地 ― shuì tā ge hūntiānhēidì ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

alt. forms: 它
other; another
別無他求／别无他求 ― bié wú tā qiú ― have no other request (formal)
a surname

Usage notes

(personal pronoun):
- Originally gender-neutral before the 1910s, when the character 她 (tā, “she; her”) was coined; now usually refers to males (also occasionally refers to females).
  - However, 他／她／牠／它／祂 (tā) is only a written distinction; they are all still pronounced as tā.
- This term can refer to a person of unknown gender or there is no need to mention gender of the person referred to, while 他/她 (gender binary) is also used; see also Internet slang TA (tā, “they (singular)”).

Synonyms

Most of the words in the table below are gender-neutral in spoken form.

Dialectal synonyms of 他 (“he”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		伊₁, 彼, 其, 厥, 渠, 夫, 之 object, 乃
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		他
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	他, 怹 honorific
	Taiwan	他
	Chengde	他
	Ulanhot	他
	Tongliao	他
	Chifeng	他
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	他
	Heihe	他
	Qiqihar	他
	Harbin	他
	Jiamusi	他
	Baicheng	他
	Changchun	他
	Tonghua	他
	Shenyang	他
	Jinzhou	他
	Malaysia	他
	Singapore	他
	Olginsky (Mikhaylovka)	他
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	他
	Tangshan	他
	Cangzhou	他
	Lijin	他
	Weifang (Weicheng)	他
	Weifang (Fangzi)	他
	Changle	他
	Shouguang	他
	Wulian	他
	Jinan	他
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	他
	Dandong	他
	Yantai	他
	Yantai (Muping)	他
	Qingdao	他
	Weifang (Hanting)	他
	Changyi	他
	Gaomi	他
	Zhucheng	他
	Anqiu	他
	Linqu	他
	Qingzhou	他
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	他
	Lingbao	他
	Wanrong	他, 伢
	Linfen	他
	Shangqiu	他
	Yuanyang	他
	Zhengzhou	他
	Xinyang	他
	Baihe	他
	Xi'an	他
	Dingbian	他
	Baoji	他
	Tianshui	他
	Xining	家, 他
	Xuzhou	他
	Pizhou	他
	Lianyungang (Ganyu)	他
	Donghai	他
	Fuyang	他
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	他
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	他
	Bayanhot	他
	Lanzhou	他, 那
	Dunhuang	他
	Hami	他
	Ürümqi	他
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	他
	Nanchong	他
	Dazhou	他
	Hanyuan	他
	Xichang	他
	Zigong	他
	Chongqing	他
	Wuhan	他, 他家
	Yichang	他
	Xiangyang	他
	Tianmen	他
	Guiyang	他
	Zunyi	他
	Bijie	他
	Liping	他
	Zhaotong	他
	Dali	他
	Kunming	他
	Mengzi	他
	Guilin	他
	Liuzhou	他
	Nanning (Xiakuojie)	他
	Nanning (Fujian)	他
	Nanning (Wuming)	他
	Nanning (Fucheng, Wuming)	他
	Binyang (Nanjie)	他
	Jishou	他
	Changde	他
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	他
	Hanzhong	他
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	他
	Yangzhou	他
	Baoying	他
	Taizhou	他
	Zhenjiang	他
	Lianyungang	他
	Huai'an (Huaiyin)	他
	Lianshui	他
	Xuyi	他
	Xinghua	他
	Nantong	他
	Rugao	他
	Yancheng	他
	Funing	他
	Sihong	他
	Anqing	他
	Wuhu	他
	Hefei	他
	Hong'an	他
Mandarin	Qinzhou (Longmengang)	他
	Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle)	他
	Nanping (Yanping)	他
Cantonese	Guangzhou	佢
	Hong Kong	佢
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	佢
	Hong Kong (Shek Pik; Weitou)	佢
	Macau	佢
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	佢
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	佢
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	佢
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	佢
	Foshan	佢
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	佢
	Foshan (Shunde)	佢
	Foshan (Sanshui)	佢
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	佢
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	佢
	Zhongshan (Huancheng)	佢
	Zhongshan (Nanlang)	佢
	Zhongshan (Xiaolan)	佢
	Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan)	佢
	Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan)	佢
	Zhongshan (Henglan)	佢
	Zhongshan (Dongfeng)	佢
	Zhongshan (Nantou)	佢
	Zhongshan (Fusha)	佢
	Zhongshan (Shalang)	佢
	Zhongshan (Gangkou)	佢
	Zhongshan (Huangpu)	佢
	Zhongshan (Sanjiao)	佢
	Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong)	佢
	Zhongshan (Minzhong)	佢
	Zhongshan (Guzhen)	佢
	Zhongshan (Banfu)	佢
	Zhongshan (Tanzhou)	佢
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	佢
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	佢
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	佢
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	佢
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	佢
	Taishan	佢
	Taishan (Guanghai)	佢
	Kaiping (Chikan)	佢
	Enping (Niujiang)	佢
	Heshan (Yayao)	佢
	Dongguan	佢
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	佢
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	佢
	Shenzhen (Pingdong, Longgang; Shehua)	其
	Shenzhen (Pingshan; Zhanmi)	佢
	Qingyuan	佢
	Fogang	佢
	Yingde (Hanguang)	佢
	Yangshan	佢
	Lianshan (Butian)	佢
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	佢
	Shaoguan	佢
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	佢
	Renhua	佢
	Lechang	佢
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	佢
	Sihui	佢
	Guangning	佢
	Deqing	佢
	Huaiji	佢
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	佢
Yunfu	佢
Xinxing	佢
Luoding	佢
Yunan (Pingtai)	佢
Yangjiang	佢
Xinyi	佢
Lianjiang	佢
Nanning	佢
Wuzhou	佢
Yulin	佢
Hepu (Lianzhou)	佢
Baise	佢
Qinzhou	佢
Beihai	佢
Beihai (Nankang)	佢
Beihai (Yingpan)	佢
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	佢
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	佢
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	佢
Danzhou	佢
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	佢
Penang (Guangfu)	佢
Singapore (Guangfu)	佢
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	佢
Móng Cái	佢
Yangon (Taishan)	佢
Mandalay (Taishan)	佢
Gan	Nanchang	渠
	Nanchang (Wangcheng)	渠
	Anyi	渠仂
	Lushan	渠
	Pengze	渠
	Duchang	渠, 渠儂
	Wuning (Quankou)	渠
	Poyang	渠
	Yugan	渠, 渠郎
	Wannian	渠
	Hengfeng	渠, 渠仂
	Yanshan (Hekou)	渠, 渠仂
	Leping	渠
	Yichun	渠
	Yifeng	渠
	Gao'an	渠
	Fengxin	渠
	Shanggao	渠
	Wanzai	渠
	Fengcheng	渠
	Xinyu	渠
	Fuzhou (Shangdundu)	渠
	Fuzhou (Dongxiang)	渠仂
	Nancheng	渠
	Nanfeng	渠仂, 渠
	Yihuang	渠
	Lichuan	渠
	Chongren	渠
	Pingxiang	他
	Lianhua	渠
	Ji'an	渠
	Yongfeng	渠
	Taihe	渠
	Xiajiang	渠
	Yongxin	渠
	Yingtan (Yujiang)	渠
	Guixi	渠, 渠仂
	Jianning	使
	Jinxian	渠
	Jinxi	渠
	Le'an	渠
	Guangchang	渠
	Anfu	渠
	Suichuan	渠
	Wan'an	渠
	Jing'an	渠
	Zhangshu	渠
	Xingan	渠
	Fenyi	渠
Hakka	Meixian	佢
	Xingning	佢
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	佢
	Huidong (Daling)	佢
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	佢
	Boluo (Bendihua)	佢
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	佢
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	佢
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	佢
	Wuhua (Meilin)	佢
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	佢
	Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua)	佢
	Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua)	佢
	Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua)	佢
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	佢
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	佢
	Liannan	佢
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	佢
	Jiexi	佢
	Changting	佢
	Shanghang	佢
	Longyan (Yongding)	佢
	Wuping	佢
	Wuping (Pingyu)	佢
	Liancheng	佢
	Ninghua	佢
	Qingliu	佢
	Yudu	佢
	Ruijin	佢
	Shicheng	佢
	Shangyou (Shexi)	佢
	Ganzhou (Nankang)	佢
	Dingnan	佢
	Longnan	佢
	Xunwu	佢
	Huichang	佢
	Chongyi	佢
	Xingguo	佢
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	佢
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	佢
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	佢
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	佢
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	佢
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	佢
	Hong Kong	佢
	Luchuan	佢
	Bobai (Shahe)	佢
	Bobai (Longtan)	佢
	Bobai (Lingping)	佢
	Bobai (Lingjiao)	佢
	Sabah (Longchuan)	佢
	Senai (Huiyang)	佢
	Kuching (Hepo)	佢
	Singkawang	佢
	Bangkok (Meixian)	佢
Huizhou	Jixi	渠, 渠仂
	Dexing	渠
	Chun'an (Qiandaohu)	渠
	Jiande (Meicheng)	渠
	Jiande (Shouchang)	渠, 渠儂
Jin	Taiyuan	他
	Yangyuan	他
	Datong	他
	Xinzhou	他
	Lüliang (Lishi)	他
	Changzhi	他
	Taibus (Baochang)	他
	Linhe	他
	Jining	他
	Hohhot	他
	Baotou	他
	Dongsheng	他
	Haibowan	他
	Erenhot	他
	Pingshan	他
	Zhangjiakou	他
	Handan	他
	Linzhou	他
	Suide	他
Northern Min	Jian'ou	渠
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	渠
	Songxi	渠
	Zhenghe	渠
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	渠
	Jianyang	渠
	Pucheng (Shibei)	渠
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	伊₁
	Fuzhou (Changle)	伊₁
	Lianjiang	伊₁
	Fuqing	伊₁
	Pingtan	伊₁
	Yongtai	伊₁
	Minqing	伊₁
	Gutian	伊₁
	Pingnan	伊₁
	Luoyuan	伊₁
	Fu'an	伊₁
	Ningde	伊₁
	Xiapu	伊₁
	Zherong	伊₁
	Shouning	伊₁
	Zhouning	伊₁
	Fuding	伊₁
	Matsu	伊₁
	Taishun	伊₁
	Cangnan	伊₁
	Sitiawan (Gutian)	伊₁
Southern Min	Xiamen	伊₁
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	伊₁
	Quanzhou	伊₁
	Jinjiang	伊₁
	Nan'an	伊₁
	Shishi	伊₁
	Hui'an	伊₁
	Anxi	伊₁
	Yongchun	伊₁
	Dehua	伊₁
	Zhangzhou	伊₁
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	伊₁
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	伊₁
	Hua'an	伊₁
	Nanjing	伊₁
	Pinghe	伊₁
	Zhangpu	伊₁
	Yunxiao	伊₁
	Zhao'an	伊₁
	Dongshan	伊₁
	Taipei	伊₁
	Taipei (Wanhua)	伊₁
	Kaohsiung	伊₁
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	伊₁
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	伊₁
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	伊₁
	Yilan	伊₁
	Changhua (Lukang)	伊₁
	Taichung	伊₁
	Taichung (Wuqi)	伊₁
	Tainan	伊₁
	Taitung	伊₁
	Hsinchu	伊₁
	Kinmen	伊₁
	Penghu (Magong)	伊₁
	Penang (Hokkien)	伊₁
	Singapore (Hokkien)	伊₁
	Manila (Hokkien)	伊₁
	Medan (Hokkien)	伊₁
	Longyan	伊₁
	Zhangping	伊₁
	Datian	伊₁
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	他, 伊₁
	Guilin (Biyange)	伊₁
	Cangnan	伊₁
	Chaozhou	伊₁
	Shantou	伊₁
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	伊₁
	Jieyang	伊₁
	Haifeng	伊₁
	Bangkok (Teochew)	伊₁
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	伊₁
	Singapore (Teochew)	伊₁
	Pontianak (Teochew)	伊₁
	Leizhou	伊₁
	Wenchang	伊₁
	Haikou	伊₁
	Qionghai	伊₁
	Singapore (Hainanese)	伊₁
Puxian Min	Putian	伊₁
Puxian Min	Xianyou	伊₁
Central Min	Yong'an	渠
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	渠
	Sanming (Shaxian)	渠
	Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping)	渠
Shaojiang Min	Shaowu	𠇼
	Guangze	𠇼
	Jiangle	渠
	Mingxi	渠
	Shunchang	渠
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	伊₁
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	伊₁
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	佢
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	他
Shehua	Jingning (Hexi)	渠
Wu	Shanghai	伊₂
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	是渠, 實渠, 渠
	Shanghai (Jiading)	伊₂
	Shanghai (Chongming)	伊₂
	Suzhou	俚, 俚倷, 唔倷
	Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang)	伊₂, 伊奴
	Wuxi	佗
	Changshu	伊₂
	Nantong (Haimen)	他, 伊₂
	Jiaxing	伊內
	Jiashan	伊₂, 伊儂
	Pinghu	伊儂
	Haining (Yanguan)	伊₂
	Tongxiang	伊₂, 夷儂
	Haiyan	伊₂, 葉內, 候內
	Changzhou	佗
	Danyang	他
	Nanjing (Gaochun)	他
	Huzhou	是其
	Changxing	是夷, 夷
	Anji	其
	Deqing	夷
	Hangzhou	他
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	夷, 其
	Hangzhou (Lin'an)	夷, 是夷, 其
	Hangzhou (Fuyang)	夷, 是夷
	Hangzhou (Xiaoshan)	夷
	Tonglu	夷, 是夷
	Tonglu (Wusheng)	夷, 他
	Shaoxing	夷
	Zhuji	其
	Shengzhou	夷
	Xinchang	其
	Ningbo	渠, 渠儂
	Ningbo (Zhenhai)	其
	Ningbo (Fenghua)	其
	Yuyao	渠
	Cixi	渠
	Xiangshan	其, 像其
	Ninghai	其, 其儂
	Zhoushan	其
	Taizhou (Huangyan)	渠
	Tiantai	渠
	Xianju	渠
	Sanmen	渠
	Linhai	渠
	Wenling	渠
	Wenzhou	渠
	Yueqing	渠
	Yongjia (Fenglin)	渠
	Rui'an	渠
	Pingyang	渠
	Taishun	其
	Wencheng	渠
	Lishui	渠
	Qingtian	渠
	Jinyun	渠
	Wuyi (Liucheng)	渠
	Songyang (Xiping)	渠
	Yunhe	他, 其
	Jingning	他, 渠
	Qingyuan	渠
	Longquan	渠
	Quzhou	渠
Suichang	渠
Jiangshan	渠
Changshan	渠
Kaihua	渠
Longyou	渠, 渠儂
Jinhua	渠
Jinhua (Tangxi)	渠, 渠儂
Yiwu	渠
Yongkang	渠
Pujiang	其, 徐
Dongyang	渠
Wuyi	渠
Lanxi	渠, 渠儂
Xiang	Changsha	他
	Loudi	他
	Shuangfeng	他
	Quanzhou	他
Note	In spoken language, Chinese varieties in general do not distinguish gender/animacy in the third-person pronoun; distinctions are only sometimes made in writing. 佢 is commonly used in Yue, Hakka and Pinghua, while 渠 is more common in other varieties

Compounds

Descendants

Wutunhua: ta (“he; she; it”)

References

“他”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

他

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Go-on: た (ta, Jōyō)
Kan-on: た (ta, Jōyō)
Kun: ほか (hoka, 他, Jōyō)
Nanori: おさ (osa)、ひと (hito)、ほか (hoka)

Compounds

他(た)意(い) (tai, “another meaning (for one's behavior or speech)”)
他(た)我(が) (taga, “other minds”)
他(た)界(かい) (takai, “the world after death”)
他(た)殺(さつ) (tasatsu, “murder”)
他(た)動(どう)詞(し) (tadōshi, “transitive verb”)
他(た)人(にん) (tanin, “unrelated person”)
他(た)愛(あい) (tāi, “altruism”)
他(た)家(け) (take)
他(た)覚(かく)症(しょう) (takakushō)
他(た)覚(かく)的(てき) (takakuteki)
他(た)郷(きょう) (takyō)
他(た)見(けん) (taken)
他(た)言(ごん) (tagon, “telling the other persons”)
他(た)行(ぎょう) (tagyō)
他(た)国(こく) (takoku, “the other country”)
他(た)山(ざん) (tazan)
他(た)事(じ) (taji)
他(た)社(しゃ) (tasha, “the other company”)
他(た)者(しゃ) (tasha)
他(た)出(しゅつ) (tashutsu)
他(た)所(しょ) (tasho)
他(た)称(しょう) (tashō)
他(た)心(しん) (tashin)
他(た)生(しょう) (tashō)
他(た)薦(せん) (tasen)
他(た)念(ねん) (tanen)
他(た)派(は) (taha)
他(た)物(ぶつ) (tabutsu)
他(た)聞(ぶん) (tabun)
他(た)方(ほう) (tahō)
他(た)面(めん) (tamen)
他(た)律(りつ) (taritsu)
他(た)流(りゅう) (taryū)
他(た)力(りき) (tariki)

Kanji in this term
他
ほか Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Kanji in this term
他
た Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ほか [hòká] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ho̞ka̠]

(Tokyo) た [táꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ta̠]

Noun

他(ほか) or 他(た) • (hoka or ta)

another, other, some other
この他(ほか)にも行(ゆ)き先(さき)がありますか。
Kono hoka ni mo yukisaki ga arimasu ka.
Do you have any other destinations?

この事(じ)業(ぎょう)は他(た)を利(り)するために開(かい)始(し)されました。
Kono jigyō wa ta o risuru tame ni kaishi saremashita.
This project was started in order to benefit others.

他(ほか)にだれが手(て)伝(つだ)いに行(い)きますか。
Hoka ni dare ga tetsudai ni ikimasu ka.
Who else will go to help you?

Derived terms

他(ほか)ならぬ (hokanaranu)
その他(た) (sonota), その他(ほか) (sonohoka)

Idioms

他(ほか)でもない (hoka de mo nai): “there isn't anything else” → “specifically what I want to say is...” (used to emphasize what one is about to say)
他(た)に累(るい)を及(およ)ぼす (ta ni rui o oyobosu): “extend the involvement (entanglement) to others” → involve others in trouble
他(た)に例(れい)を見(み)ない (ta ni rei o minai): “an example not seen in others” → incomparable
他(た)の言(げん)に惑(まど)わされる (ta no gen ni madowasareru): “to be led astray by others' words”

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

他 (eumhun 남 타 (nam ta))

hanja form^? of 타 (“another, other, some other”)

Compounds

기타 (其他, gita, “other”)

Vietnamese

Han character

他: Hán Nôm readings: tha, thà, thè, thơ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

Zhuang

Pronoun

他

Sawndip form of de (“he, she, it”)

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]

Standard Mandarin Chinese personal pronouns
Person		Singular	Plural
1st	—	我 (wǒ)	我們／我们 (wǒmen)
1st	inclusive	我 (wǒ)	咱們／咱们 (zánmen)
2nd	male/indefinite	你 (nǐ)	你們／你们 (nǐmen)
	female	妳／你 (nǐ)	妳們／你们 (nǐmen)
	deity	祢 (nǐ)	祢們／祢们 (nǐmen)
	polite	您 (nín)	你們／你们 (nǐmen) 您們／您们 (nínmen)
3rd	male/indefinite	他 (tā)	他們／他们 (tāmen)
	female	她 (tā)	她們／她们 (tāmen)
	deity	祂 (tā)	祂們／祂们 (tāmen)
	animal	牠／它 (tā)	牠們／它们 (tāmen)
	inanimate	它 (tā)	它們／它们 (tāmen)