仗

仗 U+4ED7, 仗 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4ED7 ← 他 [U+4ED6] CJK Unified Ideographs 付 → [U+4ED8]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

仗 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人十大 (OJK), four-corner 2520₀, composition ⿰亻丈)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 92, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 371
• Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 113, character 2
• Unihan data for U+4ED7

Chinese

simp. and trad.		仗

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (丈) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
丈	*daŋʔ
杖	*daŋʔ
仗	*daŋʔ, *daŋs

Etymology

Derived from 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) "cane, staff", with suffix *-s → *-h → 去聲／去声 (qùshēng), attested in Zuozhuan as 杖 (zhàng) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for etymology.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhàng (zhang⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄤˋ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җон (žon, III)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng⁶ / zoeng³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tiǒng / tiōng / tiāng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ziang⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhàng
    • Wade–Giles: chang⁴
    • Yale: jàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: janq
    • Palladius: чжан (čžan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җон (žon, III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zoeng⁶ / zoeng³
    • Yale: jeuhng / jeung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng⁶ / dzoeng³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zêng⁶ / zêng³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœːŋ²²/, /t͡sœːŋ³³/

Note: zoeng3 - "battle" (e.g. 打仗 (daa2 zoeng3)).

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiǒng
    • Tâi-lô: tiǒng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ²²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiōng
    • Tâi-lô: tiōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diong
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²²/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiāng
    • Tâi-lô: tiāng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diang
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiaŋ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ziang⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siaŋ³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: drjangX, drjangH

Rime
Character	仗	仗
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	直兩切	直亮切
Baxter	drjangX	drjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋX/	/ɖɨɐŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋX/	/ɖiɐŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋX/	/ȡiɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋX/	/ɖɨaŋH/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋX/	/ȡiaŋH/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋX/	/ȡĭaŋH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋX/	/ȡʱi̯aŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhàng	zhàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoeng6	zoeng6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*daŋʔ/, /*daŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	仗	仗
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16838	16839
Phonetic component	丈	丈
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	丈	仗
Old Chinese	/*daŋʔ/	/*daŋs/

Definitions

仗

1. weaponry; weapons; arms
2. to hold a weapon
3. war; battle

   打仗  ―  dǎzhàng  ―  to fight a battle; to go to war

4. (obsolete) guard; escort
5. to depend; to rely

   仗著自己的權力為所欲為 [MSC, trad.]
   仗着自己的权力为所欲为 [MSC, simp.]

   zhàng zhe zìjǐ de quánlì wéisuǒyùwéi [Pinyin]

   to rely on one's power to do whatever one wants

Compounds

• 仙仗
• 仗劍／仗剑 (zhàngjiàn)
• 仗勢／仗势 (zhàngshì)
• 仗勢凌人
• 仗勢欺人／仗势欺人 (zhàngshìqīrén)
• 仗恃 (zhàngshì)
• 仗托
• 仗義／仗义 (zhàngyì)
• 仗義執言／仗义执言 (zhàngyìzhíyán)
• 仗義疏財／仗义疏财 (zhàngyìshūcái)
• 仗義直言／仗义直言
• 仗義輕財／仗义轻财
• 仗腰子
• 仗膽兒／仗胆儿
• 仗衛／仗卫
• 仗賴／仗赖
• 仗馬無聲／仗马无声
• 仰仗 (yǎngzhàng)
• 任賢仗能／任贤仗能
• 作仗
• 依仗 (yīzhàng)
• 依官仗勢／依官仗势
• 倚仗 (yǐzhàng)
• 倚官仗勢／倚官仗势
• 倚財仗勢／倚财仗势
• 儀仗／仪仗 (yízhàng)
• 儀仗隊／仪仗队 (yízhàngduì)
• 兵仗
• 刀仗
• 勝仗／胜仗 (shèngzhàng)
• 大陣仗／大阵仗 (dàzhènzhàng)
• 天仗
• 寒蟬仗馬／寒蝉仗马
• 對仗／对仗 (duìzhàng)
• 御仗 (yùzhàng)
• 慢仗
• 慷慨仗義／慷慨仗义
• 憑仗／凭仗 (píngzhàng)
• 打仗 (dǎzhàng)
• 打勝仗／打胜仗
• 打敗仗／打败仗
• 打水仗
• 打雪仗 (dǎxuězhàng)
• 擔仗／担仗
• 敗仗／败仗 (bàizhàng)
• 明火執仗／明火执仗
• 槍仗手／枪仗手
• 死仗 (sǐzhàng)
• 沒投仰仗／没投仰仗
• 沒頭仰仗／没头仰仗
• 炮仗 (pàozhang)
• 爆仗 (bàozhàng)
• 狗仗人勢／狗仗人势
• 狗仗官勢／狗仗官势
• 疏財仗義／疏财仗义 (shūcái zhàngyì)
• 硬仗 (yìngzhàng)
• 立仗馬／立仗马
• 筆仗／笔仗
• 籠仗／笼仗
• 細仗／细仗
• 衛仗／卫仗
• 袍仗
• 負氣仗義／负气仗义
• 贓仗／赃仗
• 車仗／车仗
• 軍仗／军仗
• 輕財仗義／轻财仗义
• 鎧仗／铠仗
• 開仗／开仗 (kāizhàng)
• 陣仗／阵仗 (zhènzhàng)

 

References

• “仗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

仗

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: じょう (jō)^{←ぢやう (dyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kun: つえ (tsue, 仗)^{←つゑ (twe, 仗, historical)}、つわもの (tsuwamono, 仗)、よる (yoru, 仗る)

Usage notes

This character is not used much in modern Japanese.

Etymology 1

Alternative spelling of 杖 (​tsue). See that entry for details.

Noun

仗(つえ) • (tsue) ^{←つゑ (twe)?}

1. Alternative spelling of 杖 (“a cane, a crook, a walking stick”)

Etymology 2

Alternative spelling of 兵 (​tsuwamono). See that entry for details.

Noun

仗(つわもの) • (tsuwamono) ^{←つはもの (tufamono)?}

1. Alternative spelling of 兵 (“weaponry; a soldier, a warrior; a courageous person, a brave; someone who is very confident, even obstinate”)

Etymology 3

Alternative spelling of 回り, 周り, 廻り (​mawari). See those entries for details.

Noun

仗(まわり) • (mawari) ^{←まはり (mafari)?}

1. Alternative spelling of 回り, etc.: surroundings; around; turning

Etymology 4

From Middle Chinese 仗. Compare modern Mandarin 仗 (zhàng).

Affix

仗(じょう) • (jō) ^{←ぢやう (dyau)?}

1. military strength
2. reliable, dependable

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 仗旗 (じょうき, ​jōki): in medieval times, a special imperial flag marking occasions of special dignity, such as the first day of a new emperor's reign
• 仗議, 仗儀 (じょうぎ, ​jōgi): in the Nara period, a kind of codified conference before the imperial court, whereby nobles below the rank of minister would discuss the business of government
• 仗座 (じょうざ, ​jōza): the seats of the Imperial Guard; where nobles would sit to offer counsel to the court
• 仗身 (じょうしん, ​jōshin): in the Nara period, the court-appointed bodyguard of officials of fifth or higher rank

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [장]

Hanja

Wikisource

仗 (eum 장 (jang))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

仗: Hán Nôm readings: trượng, dượng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation