仕
Appearance
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
Han character
[edit]仕 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人土 (OG), four-corner 24210, composition ⿰亻士)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 92, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 368
- Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 112, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4ED5
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
仕 |
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Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 仕 |
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zrɯʔ) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : semantic ⺅ (“person”) + phonetic 士 (OC *zrɯʔ, “a person engaged in an official position”). It is mainly used as a verb meaning "to serve."[1]
References
[edit]- ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017
Etymology 1
[edit]See 士 "servant, retainer, officer, scholar, gentleman"
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
- Wade–Giles: shih4
- Yale: shr̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
- Palladius: ши (ši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: si6
- Yale: sih
- Cantonese Pinyin: si6
- Guangdong Romanization: xi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /siː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: dzriX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m-s-]rəʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*zrɯʔ/
Definitions
[edit]仕
- scholar; official; guardian
- 有仕於此,而子悅之,不告於王而私與之吾子之祿爵;夫仕也,亦無王命而私受之於子,則可乎? [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Yǒu shì yú cǐ, ér zǐ yuè zhī, bùgào yú wáng ér sī yǔ zhī wúzǐ zhī lùjué; fú shì yě, yì wú wángmìng ér sī shòu zhī yú zǐ, zé kě hū? [Pinyin]
- Suppose there were an officer here, with whom you, Sir, were pleased, and that, without informing the king, you were privately to give to him your salary and rank; and suppose that this officer, also without the king's orders, were privately to receive them from you - would such a transaction be allowable?
有仕于此,而子悦之,不告于王而私与之吾子之禄爵;夫仕也,亦无王命而私受之于子,则可乎? [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to serve in the government
- (xiangqi) adviser; guard; minister: 🩡 (on the red side)
- a surname
Coordinate terms
[edit]- (Chinese chess pieces) 帥 / 帅 (shuài) / 將 / 将 (jiàng), 仕 (shì) / 士 (shì), 相 / 象 (xiàng), 俥 / 伡 / 車 / 车 (jū), 傌 / 㐷 / 馬 / 马 (mǎ), 炮 / 砲 / 炮, 兵 (bīng) / 卒 (zú)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From 亻 (denoting one octave lower in Cantonese opera) + 士 (si6).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: si6
- Yale: sih
- Cantonese Pinyin: si6
- Guangdong Romanization: xi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /siː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]仕
- (music) Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note an octave below low la (6̣̣).
- Synonym: 𪛘 (sì) (Kunqu)
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]仕
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: じ (ji, Jōyō †)
- Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
- Kun: つかえる (tsukaeru, 仕える, Jōyō)←つかへる (tukaferu, 仕へる, historical)、つかまつる (tsukamatsuru, 仕る)、つこうまつる (tsukōmatsuru, 仕る)
- Nanori: つこう (tsukō)
Compounds
[edit]- 仕上がり (shiagari, “finish, end, completion”)
- 仕上げ (shiage, “end, finishing touches”)
- 仕上げる (shiageru, “finish up, complete”)
- 仕入れ (shīre, “stocking, buying up”)
- 仕入れる (shīreru, “lay in stock, replenish stock”)
- 仕打ち (shiuchi, “treatment, behavior, action”)
- 仕置き (shioki, “punishment”)
- 仕送り (shiokuri, “allowance, remittance”)
- 仕掛け (shikake, “device, contrivance, trick”)
- 仕掛ける (shikakeru, “commence, lay, set”)
- 仕方 (shikata, “way, method, means”)
- 仕方がない (shikata ga nai), 仕方ない (shikata nai, “it can't be helped”)
- 仕切り (shikiri, “partition, division, boundary”)
- 仕切る (shikiru, “partition, divide, mark off”)
- 仕草 (shigusa, “action, acting, gesture”)
- 仕組み (shikumi, “structure, construction, arrangement”)
- 仕事 (shigoto, “work, job, business”)
- 仕事中 (shigotochū, “at work, working”)
- 仕事始め (shigotohajime, “resuming work after New Year's vacation”)
- 仕事場 (shigotoba, “place where one works”)
- 仕込み (shikomi, “training, stocking up”)
- 仕立て (shitate, “tailoring, dressmaking, sewing”)
- 仕立てる (shitateru, “tailor, make, prepare”)
- 仕手 (shite, “doer, performer”)
- お仕舞い (oshimai, “the end, closing”)
- 仕舞う (shimau, “finish, do something completely”)
- 仕様 (shiyō, “way, method, means”)
- 仕様がない (shiyō ga nai), しょうがない (shō ga nai, “it's no use”)
- 仕業 (shiwaza, “deed, act, action”)
- 仕える (tsukaeru, “serve, work for, attend”)
- 奉仕 (hōshi, “attendance, service, ministry”)
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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仕 |
し Grade: 3 |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 仕 (MC dzriX).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- official, civil service
- 仕を致す
- shi o itasu
- to resign from public office
- 仕を致す
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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仕 |
し Grade: 3 (ateji) |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]- Alternative spelling of し (shi, continuative of する (suru))
Usage notes
[edit]- Used primarily as the first element in verb-verb and verb-noun compounds.
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]仕: Hán Nôm readings: sĩ, sải, sảy, sãi, sẻ, sễ, sẽ, sì, sẩy, sè, sõi, sỡi, xảy
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading つか・える
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading つか・へる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つかまつ・る
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つこうまつ・る
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading つこう
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