Jump to content

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: and 𩆖
U+96F6, 零
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96F6

[U+96F5]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+96F7]
U+F9B2, 零
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9B2

[U+F9B1]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F9B3]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
Wikimedia Commons has more media related to:

Translingual

[edit]
Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean
Stroke order
13 strokes
Stroke order

Alternative forms

[edit]

In Japan, Korea and Traditional Chinese jiu zixing, the bottom component is written + 𰆊, similar to its Kangxi dictionary form. In traditional Chinese as defined by Taiwan MOE and Hong Kong CLIAC, is written + . In simplified Chinese, the component is written + .

Han character

[edit]

(Kangxi radical 173, +5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一月人戈戈 (MBOII), four-corner 10307, composition)

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1372, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42242
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1880, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4061, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+96F6

Chinese

[edit]
trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. ⿱⿻丅⿱冖⿰丶丶令
alternative forms

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *riːŋ, *reːŋ, *reːŋs) : semantic (rain) + phonetic (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs). On the oracle bone script, only thick raindrops are depicted falling from the sky.

Etymology 1

[edit]

Unclear. Schuessler (2007) proposes several possibilities:

Sense "zero" is introduced in 1248 by Chinese mathematician Li Ye.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Note:
  • ling4 - literary;
  • leng4, leng4-2, leng4-1 - vernacular (small remaining quantity).
Note:
  • len3 - literary;
  • liang3, liang3* - vernacular (small remaining quantity).
Note:
  • lin4 - literary;
  • liang4 - vernacular.
Note:
  • lêng - literary;
  • lân - vernacular (“fragmentary”).
Note:
  • lêng5 - literary;
  • lang5 - vernacular (“fragmentary”).

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Initial () (37) (37)
Final () (125) (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () IV IV
Fanqie
Baxter leng lengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/leŋ/ /leŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/leŋ/ /leŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/lɛŋ/ /lɛŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lɛjŋ/ /lɛjŋH/
Li
Rong
/leŋ/ /leŋH/
Wang
Li
/lieŋ/ /lieŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/lieŋ/ /lieŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
líng lìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ling4 ling6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
líng
Middle
Chinese
‹ leng ›
Old
Chinese
/*[r]ˁiŋ/
English fall (v., of rain)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/3 3/3
No. 8305 8331
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*reːŋ/ /*reːŋs/

Definitions

[edit]

  1. fragmentary; scattered
      ―  língxīng  ―  fragmentary
  2. fraction; remainder
  3. zero [from 1248]
    Alternative form:
    Coordinate terms: 正數 / 正数 (zhèngshù), 負數 / 负数 (fùshù)
    Hypernyms: 實數 / 实数 (shíshù), 有理數 / 有理数 (yǒulǐshù), 整數 / 整数 (zhěngshù)
    等於等于  ―  Yī jiǎn yī děngyú líng.  ―  One minus one equals zero.
      ―  sān diǎn líng wǔ fēn  ―  three oh five
      ―  qī bǎi líng sān  ―  seven hundred and three
      ―  èrlínglíngyī nián  ―  year 2001
    開始开始  ―  cóng líng kāishǐ  ―  Start from scratch
  4. (Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Eastern Min) Used after a number or a classifier to express a small remaining quantity.
    廿 [Cantonese]  ―  jaa6 leng4 man1 [Jyutping]  ―  twenty-something dollars
    分鐘分钟 [Cantonese]  ―  fan1 leng4 loeng5 fan1 zung1 [Jyutping]  ―  one to two minutes
    七十 [Cantonese]  ―  cat1 sap6 leng4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  seventy-something
  5. (gay slang) bottom
    Alternative form: 0
  6. (obsolete) drizzle
  7. (literary, of precipitation or tears) to fall
    感激涕  ―  gǎnjītìlíng  ―  grateful to tears
  8. (of plants or flowers) to wither and fall
      ―  diāolíng  ―  to wither and fall
  9. (Cantonese, cant, in 之辰代碼 / 之辰代码) six
    [Cantonese]  ―  dau2 ling4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  five-cent coin (literally, “[coin with mass of] 3 candareens and 6 cash”)
  10. a surname
Synonyms
[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (れい) (rei)
  • Korean: 령(零) (ryeong)
  • Vietnamese: linh ()

Others:

See also

[edit]
Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 106 108 1012
Normal
(小寫 / 小写)
, , , ,  /  / ,
十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)
百萬 / 百万,
(Philippines),
面桶 (Philippines)
 / 亿 (Taiwan)
萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial
(大寫 / 大写)
 /  /  /

Etymology 2

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]


Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3
Initial () (37)
Final () (85)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Baxter len
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/len/
Pan
Wuyun
/len/
Shao
Rongfen
/lɛn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lɛn/
Li
Rong
/len/
Wang
Li
/lien/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/lien/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
lián
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lin4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3
No. 8273
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*riːŋ/

Definitions

[edit]

  1. Only used in 先零先零 and 西零西零 (Xīlián).

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]
Japanese cardinal numbers
0 1  > 
    Cardinal :

Kanji

[edit]

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. spill
  2. zero

Readings

[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC leng); compare Mandarin (líng):

  • Go-on: りょう (ryō)りやう (ryau, historical)
  • Kan-on: れい (rei, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese (MC len); compare Mandarin (lián):

From native Japanese roots:

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]
Kanji in this term
れい
Grade: S
kan'on

From Middle Chinese (MC leng) with an original meaning of a small rainfall. The character was later repurposed in 1248 by mathematician Li Ye as a placeholder, extending from its a little bit (of rain) meaning to indicate a bit more remaining. In Li Ye's notation, a number like 302 would be represented as (èr), literally three hundred and remaining two, with the character used as a means of skipping the tens place, by indicating zero tens.[1] It would thus implicitly take on the meaning of zero.

Alternative forms

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

(れい) (rei

  1. zero

Numeral

[edit]

(れい) (rei

  1. zero
Usage notes
[edit]

The spelling is more common in numeric notation.

Proper noun

[edit]

(れい) (Rei

  1. a male given name

Etymology 2

[edit]
Kanji in this term
こぼ(し)
Grade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
こぼ
[noun] a spill (implying intent or fault by someone)
[noun] grumbling (as when one's emotions overflow)
Alternative spellings
溢し, 翻し
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3

[edit]
Kanji in this term
こぼ(れ)
Grade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
こぼ
[noun] a spill (implying a natural or unintended event)
[noun] remainder, leftover
Alternative spelling
翻れ
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 4

[edit]
Kanji in this term
ぜろ
Grade: S
(ateji)
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
ゼロ
[numeral] zero (number)
[numeral] (informal) Used to refer to something measurable being absent or missing.
Alternative spelling
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ 1999, 「算木」を超えた男: もう一つの近代数学の誕生と関孝和 ("Sangi" o Koeta Otoko: Mō Hitotsu no Kindai Sūgaku no Tanjō to Seki Takakazu, “The Man Who Went Beyond 'Counting Sticks': The Birth of Another Modern Mathematics, and Seki Takakazu”) (in Japanese), Wang Qing-xiang, Tōkyō: Toyo Shoten, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN


Japanese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Regular (れい) (rei)
(ゼロ) (zero)
(いち) (ichi) () (ni) (さん) (san) (よん) (yon)
() (shi)
() (go) (ろく) (roku) (なな) (nana)
(しち) (shichi)
(はち) (hachi) (きゅう) (kyū)
() (ku)
(じゅう) ()
Formal (いち) (ichi) () (ni) (さん) (san) (じゅう) ()
90 100 300 600 800 1,000 3,000 8,000 10,000 100,000,000
Regular (きゅう)(じゅう) (kyūjū) (ひゃく) (hyaku)
(いっ)(ぴゃく) (ippyaku)
(さん)(びゃく) (sanbyaku) (ろっ)(ぴゃく) (roppyaku) (はっ)(ぴゃく) (happyaku) (せん) (sen)
(いっ)(せん) (issen)
(さん)(ぜん) (sanzen) (はっ)(せん) (hassen) (いち)(まん) (ichiman) (いち)(おく) (ichioku)
Formal (いち)(まん) (ichiman)
1012 8×1012 1013 1016 6×1016 8×1016 1017 1018
(いっ)(ちょう) (itchō) (はっ)(ちょう) (hatchō) (じゅっ)(ちょう) (jutchō) (いっ)(けい) (ikkei) (ろっ)(けい) (rokkei) (はっ)(けい) (hakkei) (じゅっ)(けい) (jukkei) (ひゃっ)(けい) (hyakkei)

Korean

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC leng|lengH).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 떨어질 (tteoreojil ryeong), word-initial (South Korea) 떨어질 (tteoreojil yeong))

  1. hanja form? of [[/#Korean:_零|/]] (zero)
Compounds
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC len).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 종족 이름 (jongjok ireum ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 종족 이름 (jongjok ireum yeon))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

[edit]
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
  • Zonmal.com Hanja Dictionary (존말닷컴 한자사전/漢字辭典) (2002-2005). [3]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: lênh, linh, rinh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.