億
Appearance
See also: 亿
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]億 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+13, 15 strokes, cangjie input 人卜廿心 (OYTP), four-corner 20236, composition ⿰亻意)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 118, character 27
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1178
- Dae Jaweon: page 252, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 227, character 6
- Unihan data for U+5104
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 億 | |
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simp. | 亿* |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 億 | ||
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Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qɯɡ) : semantic 人 + phonetic 意 (OC *qɯɡs).
Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yi4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): i4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): i3
- Northern Min (KCR): i̿
- Eastern Min (BUC): é
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): i5 / i4
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6yi
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): i4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yì
- Wade–Giles: i4
- Yale: yì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yi4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: i
- Sinological IPA (key): /i²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jik1
- Yale: yīk
- Cantonese Pinyin: jik7
- Guangdong Romanization: yig1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɪk̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yet2
- Sinological IPA (key): /jet̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: i4
- Sinological IPA (key): /i³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi / yit
- Hakka Romanization System: i / idˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi4 / yid5
- Sinological IPA: /i⁵⁵/, /it̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)i
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi4
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: i3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /i⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: i̿
- Sinological IPA (key): /i³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: é
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɛi²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: i5
- Sinological IPA (key): /i²¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: i4
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ek
- Tâi-lô: ik
- Phofsit Daibuun: eg
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak
- Tâi-lô: iak
- Phofsit Daibuun: iag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: êg8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: e̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /ek̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: i4
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁴⁵/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: 'ik
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔ(r)ək/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qɯɡ/
Definitions
[edit]億
- hundred million (100,000,000) (sometimes written as 1,0000,0000)
- 2016, Wang Jianlin, A Date With Luyu[2]:
- † hundred thousand (100,000)
- † peaceful; stable
- † brimming; plentiful; abundant
- † Alternative form of 臆 (yì, “chest”)
- † Alternative form of 臆 (yì, “to guess; to estimate; to surmise”)
- a surname
See also
[edit]Chinese numbers | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 106 | 108 | 1012 | |
Normal (小寫 / 小写) |
〇, 零, 空 | 一, 蜀 | 二, 兩 / 两 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬 / 万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) |
百萬 / 百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines) |
億 / 亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China) |
Financial (大寫 / 大写) |
零 | 壹 | 貳 / 贰 | 參 / 叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸 / 陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 |
Compounds
[edit]- 不億 / 不亿
- 供億 / 供亿
- 億丈 / 亿丈
- 億中 / 亿中
- 億事 / 亿事
- 億仞 / 亿仞
- 億代 / 亿代
- 億億 / 亿亿
- 億兆 / 亿兆 (yìzhào)
- 億出 / 亿出
- 億劫 / 亿劫
- 億千 / 亿千
- 億品 / 亿品
- 億垓 / 亿垓
- 億姓 / 亿姓
- 億寧 / 亿宁
- 億年 / 亿年
- 億度 / 亿度
- 億庶 / 亿庶
- 億康 / 亿康
- 億庾 / 亿庾
- 億廩 / 亿廪
- 億忌 / 亿忌
- 億恨 / 亿恨
- 億探 / 亿探
- 億昌 / 亿昌
- 億測 / 亿测
- 億盈 / 亿盈
- 億眾 / 亿众
- 億祀 / 亿祀
- 億福 / 亿福
- 億萬 / 亿万 (yìwàn)
- 億萬斯年 / 亿万斯年
- 億計 / 亿计
- 億變 / 亿变
- 億負 / 亿负
- 億載 / 亿载
- 億載金城 / 亿载金城
- 億辛萬苦 / 亿辛万苦
- 億逆 / 亿逆
- 億逞 / 亿逞
- 億醜 / 亿丑
- 億類 / 亿类
- 億齡 / 亿龄
- 兆億 / 兆亿
- 八十億劫 / 八十亿劫
- 共億 / 共亿
- 千億 / 千亿 (qiānyì)
- 巨億 / 巨亿
- 庾億 / 庾亿
- 心億 / 心亿
- 愊億 / 愊亿
- 憑億 / 凭亿
- 百億 / 百亿
- 積億 / 积亿
- 綏億 / 绥亿
- 詭億 / 诡亿
- 逆億 / 逆亿
- 鉅億 / 巨亿
- 餉億 / 饷亿
- 麗億 / 丽亿
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]億
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
億 |
おく Grade: 4 |
goon |
From Middle Chinese 億 (MC 'ik).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “億”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 億 (MC 'ik).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅳᆨ〮 (Yale: qúk) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 억〮 (ék)訓 (Yale: ék) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 억 ( ek)訓 (Yale: ek) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ʌ̹k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [억]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]億: Hán Việt readings: ức
億: Nôm readings: tỉ, ức
Noun
[edit]億
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