肆

See also: 四, 䦉, and 亖

肆	U+8086, 肆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8086

← 肅
[U+8085]

CJK Unified Ideographs

肇 →
[U+8087]

Translingual

Han character

肆 (Kangxi radical 129, 聿+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 尸戈中手 (SILQ), four-corner 7570₇, composition ⿰镸聿)

Derived characters

蕼

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 971, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29226
Dae Jaweon: page 1423, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3167, character 4
Unihan data for U+8086

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (隶) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
曃	*l̥ʰɯːds
埭	*l'ɯːds
逮	l'ɯːds, l'ɯːds
靆	*l'ɯːds
齂	hmrɯːds, hmrɯds, *mrɯːd
棣	*l'ɯːds
隸	*rɯːds
肆	*hljɯds
蕼	*hljɯds
肂	*hljɯds
殔	*lɯds
隶	*lɯds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hljɯds) : semantic 镸 + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		肆
2nd round simp.		⿰长四
alternative forms		𨽸

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): sì (si⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄙˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): si³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhu¹
Gan (Wiktionary): si⁴
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): xi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): si³
Northern Min (KCR): si̿
Eastern Min (BUC): sé̤ṳ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sù / sìr

(Teochew, Peng'im): se³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵sy
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sr⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sì
  - Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
  - Wade–Giles: ssŭ⁴
  - Yale: sz̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
  - Palladius: сы (sy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: si⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: s
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: si³
  - Yale: si
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si³
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬu³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: si⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩³⁵/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /si⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: si³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /sz̩⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: si̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sé̤ṳ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /søy²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù
  - Tâi-lô: sù
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sux
  - IPA (Taipei): /su¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /su²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr
  - Tâi-lô: sìr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: se³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sṳ̀
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɯ²¹³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sy
  - MiniDict: sy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²sr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: sr⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: sijH

Rime
Character	肆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息利切
Baxter	sijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siɪ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/si^H/
Shao Rongfen	/sjɪ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/si^H/
Li Rong	/si^H/
Wang Li	/si^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-ləp-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*hljɯds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	肆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sì
Middle Chinese	‹ sij^H ›
Old Chinese	/*s-ləp-s/
English	unrestrained
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	肆
Reading #	1/1
No.	7961
Phonetic component	隶
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	四
Old Chinese	/*hljɯds/
Notes	說文右從隸聲，漢碑隸變爲此

Definitions

肆

(literary, or in compounds) impudent; undisciplined
(literary, or in compounds) shop; store; stall
- 屠羊說曰：「夫三旌之位，吾知其貴於屠羊之肆也；萬鍾之祿，吾知其富於屠羊之利也。然豈可以食爵祿而使吾君有妄施之名乎！說不敢當，願復反吾屠羊之肆。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  屠羊说曰：「夫三旌之位，吾知其贵于屠羊之肆也；万钟之禄，吾知其富于屠羊之利也。然岂可以食爵禄而使吾君有妄施之名乎！说不敢当，愿复反吾屠羊之肆。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  Tú yáng Yuè yuē: “Fú sān jīng zhī wèi, wú zhī qí guì yú tú yáng zhī sì yě; wàn zhōng zhī lù, wú zhī qí fù yú tú yáng zhī lì yě. Rán qǐ kě yǐ shí jué lù ér shǐ wú jūn yǒu wàng shī zhī míng hū! Yuè bùgǎn dāng, yuàn fù fǎn wú tú yáng zhī sì.” [Pinyin]
  he said, 'I know that the place of such a distinguished noble is nobler than a sheep-butcher's stall, and that the salary of 10,000 zhong is more than its profits. But how should I, through my greed of rank and emolument, bring on our ruler the name of an unlawful dispensation of his gifts? I dare not respond to your wishes, but desire to return to my stall as the sheep-butcher.'

Synonyms

(shop):

edit

商店 (shāngdiàn)
商鋪 / 商铺 (shāngpù)
店 (diàn)
店鋪 / 店铺 (diànpù)
買賣 / 买卖 (mǎimài)
鋪子 / 铺子 (pùzi)
門店 / 门店 (méndiàn)
門臉 / 门脸 (ménliǎn) (colloquial)

Compounds

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		肆
alternative forms		𨽸䦉

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): sì (si⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄙˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sei³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhei¹
Gan (Wiktionary): si⁴
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): xi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): si³
Northern Min (KCR): si̿
Eastern Min (BUC): sé / sé̤ṳ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sì / sù / sìr

(Teochew, Peng'im): si³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵sy
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sr⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sì
  - Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
  - Wade–Giles: ssŭ⁴
  - Yale: sz̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
  - Palladius: сы (sy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: si⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: s
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sei³
  - Yale: sei
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sei³
  - Guangdong Romanization: séi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sei̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬei³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: si⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩³⁵/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /si⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: si³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /sz̩⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: si̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sé / sé̤ṳ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛi²¹³/, /søy²¹³/

Note:

sé - vernacular;
sé̤ṳ - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì
  - Tâi-lô: sì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: six
  - IPA (Taipei): /si¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /si²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /si⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù
  - Tâi-lô: sù
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sux
  - IPA (Taipei): /su¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /su²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr
  - Tâi-lô: sìr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/

Note:

sì - vernacular;
sù/sìr - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: si³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sì
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²¹³/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sy
  - MiniDict: sy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²sr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: sr⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁴⁵/

Definitions

肆

(financial) Alternative form of 四 (“four”) (used in official documents or checks to avoid forgery)

References

“肆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

肆

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: し (shi, 肆)
Kan-on: し (shi, 肆)
Kun: いちくら (ichikura, 肆)、いちぐら (ichigura, 肆)、ほしいまま (hoshiimama, 肆)、みせ (mise, 肆)
Nanori: のぶ (nobu, 肆)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
肆
し Hyōgai
on'yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɕi]

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
肆
いちくら Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
市座

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [it͡ɕikɯ̟ɾa̠]

IPA^(key): [it͡ɕiɡɯ̟ɾa̠]

Noun

肆(いちくら) or 肆(いちぐら) • (ichikura or ichigura)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 肆 – see the following entries.

【縦ほしいまま】6

[adjective] selfish, at will

[adjective] arbitrary

Alternative spellings
恣, 擅, 欲しい儘, 欲しい侭

(This term, 肆, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

(The following entries are uncreated: 四, 店.)

Korean

Hanja

肆 (eum 사 (sa))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

肆: Hán Nôm readings: tứ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Chinese numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	10²	10³	10⁴	10⁶	10⁸	10¹²
Normal (小寫 / 小写)	〇, 零, 空	一, 蜀	二, 兩 / 两	三	四	五	六	七	八	九	十	百	千	萬 / 万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	百萬 / 百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines)	億 / 亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial (大寫 / 大写)	零	壹	貳 / 贰	參 / 叁	肆	伍	陸 / 陆	柒	捌	玖	拾	佰	仟	萬 / 万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	百萬 / 百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines)	億 / 亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China)