余り
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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余 |
あま Grade: 5 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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餘り (kyūjitai) |
Alternative forms
[edit]- (adverb):
- (informal, clipping) あんま (anma)
Etymology
[edit]The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 余る (amaru, “to be left over, to be in excess”).[1][2] Appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1]
Also encountered with geminate reading あんまり (anmari) as an emphatic form for the adjective and adverb uses. This form appears in the 1400s.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun, adjective:
Emphatic adjective:
Adverb:
Emphatic adverb:
Adjective
[edit]余り or 余り • (amari or anmari) -na (adnominal 余りな (amari na), adverbial 余りに (amari ni))
Usage notes
[edit]This is used both as a -na adjective with the な (na) attributive particle, and as an attributive noun followed by の (no).
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of 余り
Stem forms | |||
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Imperfective (未然形) | 余りだろ | あまりだろ | amari daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 余りで | あまりで | amari de |
Terminal (終止形) | 余りだ | あまりだ | amari da |
Attributive (連体形) | 余りな | あまりな | amari na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 余りなら | あまりなら | amari nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 余りであれ | あまりであれ | amari de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 余りではない 余りじゃない |
あまりではない あまりじゃない |
amari de wa nai amari ja nai |
Informal past | 余りだった | あまりだった | amari datta |
Informal negative past | 余りではなかった 余りじゃなかった |
あまりではなかった あまりじゃなかった |
amari de wa nakatta amari ja nakatta |
Formal | 余りです | あまりです | amari desu |
Formal negative | 余りではありません 余りじゃありません |
あまりではありません あまりじゃありません |
amari de wa arimasen amari ja arimasen |
Formal past | 余りでした | あまりでした | amari deshita |
Formal negative past | 余りではありませんでした 余りじゃありませんでした |
あまりではありませんでした あまりじゃありませんでした |
amari de wa arimasen deshita amari ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 余りで | あまりで | amari de |
Conditional | 余りなら(ば) | あまりなら(ば) | amari nara (ba) |
Provisional | 余りだったら | あまりだったら | amari dattara |
Volitional | 余りだろう | あまりだろう | amari darō |
Adverbial | 余りに | あまりに | amari ni |
Degree | 余りさ | あまりさ | amarisa |
Adverb
[edit]- (chiefly in the negative) often, much, excessively
- Antonym: 時々 (tokidoki, “sometimes, at times, occasionally”)
- 西村さんは朝ご飯をあまり食べません。
- Nishimura-san wa asagohan o amari tabemasen.
- Nishimura does not eat breakfast very often.
- 見た目はあんまりですが、 […]
- Mitame wa anmari desu ga, […]
- The appearance is not very [impressive], but […]
- 2009, けいおん!
- 「あんまりうまくないですね!」
- “Anmari umakunai desu ne!”
- "You guys are not very good, are you?"
- 「あんまりうまくないですね!」
Usage notes
[edit]This term is often spelled in hiragana.
See also
[edit]- よく (yoku): frequently; often
- 全然 (zenzen): totally, completely, entirely
Noun
[edit]See also
[edit]Suffix
[edit]- used after a numeral to express “a little more than”
- 二十余りの建物
- nijū amari no tatemono
- twenty-odd buildings, twenty-some buildings
- 二十余りの建物
- (archaic) Used to connect numerals: and
Usage notes
[edit]- The word is used to connect native Japanese numerals (ひとつ, ふたつ etc.) into numbers, e.g. 'ten' and 'five' into 'fifteen' rather than 'ten, five'. It is not used when counting in Chinese numerals (いち, に etc.).
References
[edit]Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 余 read as あま
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese な-na adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese adverbs
- Japanese negative polarity items
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese literary terms
- Japanese suffixes
- Japanese terms with archaic senses