売る
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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売 |
う Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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賣る (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
[edit]From Old Japanese. Attested in 正倉院文書 (Shōsōin Monjo, “Shōsōin Documents”) with the spelling 宇利 (⟨uri⟩) (Omodaka 1967, p. 136). In turn, from Proto-Japonic *uru.
Possibly cognate with Old Japanese 得 (u), modern Japanese 得る (eru, “to obtain, to get”), from the sense of getting money in exchange for the item sold.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「売る」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
売る | うる | [ùrú] |
Imperative (命令形) | 売れ | うれ | [ùré] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 売られる | うられる | [ùrárérú] |
Causative | 売らせる | うらせる | [ùrásérú] |
Potential | 売れる | うれる | [ùrérú] |
Volitional | 売ろう | うろー | [ùróꜜò] |
Negative | 売らない | うらない | [ùránáí] |
Negative perfective | 売らなかった | うらなかった | [ùránáꜜkàttà] |
Formal | 売ります | うります | [ùrímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 売った | うった | [ùttá] |
Conjunctive | 売って | うって | [ùtté] |
Hypothetical conditional | 売れば | うれば | [ùréꜜbà] |
Verb
[edit]売る • (uru) transitive godan (stem 売り (uri), past 売った (utta))
Japanese verb pair | |
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active | 売る |
mediopassive | 売れる |
- [from 810] to sell something (to agree to transfer goods)
- 野菜を売る
- yasai o uru
- to sell vegetables
- 野菜を売る
- [from 1591] to sell someone out, to betray
- 仲間を売る
- nakama o uru
- to sell out one's friend, to sell one's friend down the river
- 友達を警察に売る
- tomodachi o keisatsu ni uru
- to turn in a friend to the police
- 仲間を売る
- [from 1913] to agitate, to incite
- 喧嘩を売る
- kenka o uru
- to incite a quarrel
- 何だ、喧嘩売ってんのか?
- Nan da, kenka utten no ka?
- What, are you looking for / asking for a fight?
- 喧嘩を売る
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "売る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 売ら | うら | ura |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 売り | うり | uri |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 売る | うる | uru |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 売る | うる | uru |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 売れ | うれ | ure |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 売れ | うれ | ure |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 売られる | うられる | urareru |
Causative | 売らせる 売らす |
うらせる うらす |
uraseru urasu |
Potential | 売れる | うれる | ureru |
Volitional | 売ろう | うろう | urō |
Negative | 売らない | うらない | uranai |
Negative continuative | 売らず | うらず | urazu |
Formal | 売ります | うります | urimasu |
Perfective | 売った | うった | utta |
Conjunctive | 売って | うって | utte |
Hypothetical conditional | 売れば | うれば | ureba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 売ら | うら | ura |
Continuative (連用形) | 売り | うり | uri |
Terminal (終止形) | 売る | うる | uru |
Attributive (連体形) | 売る | うる | uru |
Realis (已然形) | 売れ | うれ | ure |
Imperative (命令形) | 売れ | うれ | ure |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 売らず | うらず | urazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 売れど | うれど | uredo |
Causal conjunction | 売れば | うれば | ureba |
Conditional conjunction | 売らば | うらば | uraba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 売りき | うりき | uriki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 売りけり | うりけり | urikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 売りつ | うりつ | uritu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 売りぬ | うりぬ | urinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 売れり 売りたり |
うれり うりたり |
ureri uritari |
Volitional | 売らむ | うらむ | uramu |
Synonyms
[edit]Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Compounds
- 売り (uri)
- 卸売り (oroshiuri)
- 掛売り (kakeuri)
- 掛け売り (kakeuri)
- 小売り (kōri)
- 別売り (betsūri)
- 前売り (maeuri)
- 安売り (yasūri)
- 油を売る (abura o uru)
- 売り上げ (uriage)
- 売掛金 (urikakekin)
- 売り切れる (urikireru)
- 売り切れ (urikire)
- 売り込む (urikomu)
- 売り捌く (urisabaku)
- 売り出す (uridasu)
- 売り出し (uridashi)
- 売り場 (uriba)
- 売り値 (urine)
- 売り渡す (uriwatasu)
- 売れ残り (urenokori)
- 売り飛ばす (uritobasu)
- 売り払う (uriharau)
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Entry at Gogen Yurai Jiten ("Etymology Derivation Dictionary", in Japanese)
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 売 read as う
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples